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Finance and Economics Discussion Series
The Finance and Economics Discussion Series logo links to FEDS home page The Endogeneity of Employment Adjustment Costs: The Tradeoff between Efficiency and Flexibility
Charles A. Fleischman
1996-48


Abstract: This paper models a firm's choice of employment adjustment costs as one component of its choice of production process. In making a one-time choice of production process, firms tradeoff increased flexibility--the reduced cost of changing levels of production--against the diminished efficiency of producing a given level of output. The model predicts that firms facing greater volatility in expected employment choose production processes that entail relatively low costs of adjusting employment. Using estimates of adjustment costs and employment volatility for four-digit manufacturing industries, the paper finds empirical support for the model: Among four-digit industries facing similar choices of production process, those with more volatile employment tend to have lower costs of adjusting employment. Moreover, the paper finds that interindustry heterogeneity in the amplitude of deterministic seasonal fluctuations in employment is more important than the variance of stochastic employment fluctuations in explaining the choice of adjustment costs.

Keywords: Employment adjustment cost, manufacturing, industry, heterogeneity, endogeneity

Full paper (622 KB PDF) | Full paper (1126 KB Postscript)


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