Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
July 2008

Table 1

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
at Selected Large Banks in the United States ¹

(Status of policy as of July 2008)

Questions 1-6 ask about commercial and industrial (C&I) loans at your bank. Questions 1-3 deal with changes in your bank's lending policies over the past three months. Questions 4-5 deal with changes in demand for C&I loans over the past three months. Question 6 asks about changes in prospective demand for C&I loans at your bank, as indicated by the volume of recent inquiries about the availability of new credit lines or increases in existing lines. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

1. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—to large and middle-market firms and to small firms changed? (If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested below, please use your definitions and indicate what they are.)

A. Standards for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	3.8	2	6.9	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	28	53.8	14	48.3	14	60.9
Remained basically unchanged	22	42.3	13	44.8	9	39.1
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

B. Standards for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	3.8	2	6.9	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	32	61.5	16	55.2	16	69.6
Remained basically unchanged	18	34.6	11	37.9	7	30.4
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

2. For applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—from large and middle-market firms and from small firms that your bank currently is willing to approve, how have the terms of those loans changed over the past three months?

A. Terms for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	1.9	1	3.4	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	19	36.5	11	37.9	8	34.8
Remained basically unchanged	32	61.5	17	58.6	15	65.2
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	1.9	1	3.4	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	17	32.7	12	41.4	5	21.7
Remained basically unchanged	34	65.4	16	55.2	18	78.3
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

c. Costs of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	5	9.6	4	13.8	1	4.3
Tightened somewhat	33	63.5	18	62.1	15	65.2
Remained basically unchanged	14	26.9	7	24.1	7	30.4
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	8	15.4	5	17.2	3	13.0
Tightened somewhat	34	65.4	19	65.5	15	65.2
Remained basically unchanged	10	19.2	5	17.2	5	21.7
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	15	28.8	8	27.6	7	30.4
Tightened somewhat	25	48.1	16	55.2	9	39.1
Remained basically unchanged	12	23.1	5	17.2	7	30.4
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

f. Loan covenants

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	1.9	1	3.4	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	24	46.2	13	44.8	11	47.8
Remained basically unchanged	27	51.9	15	51.7	12	52.2
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

g. Collateralization requirements

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	4.3
Tightened somewhat	21	40.4	11	37.9	10	43.5
Remained basically unchanged	30	57.7	18	62.1	12	52.2
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

B. Terms for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	3.8	2	6.9	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	15	28.8	8	27.6	7	30.4
Remained basically unchanged	35	67.3	19	65.5	16	69.6
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	18	34.6	13	44.8	5	21.7
Remained basically unchanged	34	65.4	16	55.2	18	78.3
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

c. Costs of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	3.8	1	3.4	1	4.3
Tightened somewhat	30	57.7	18	62.1	12	52.2
Remained basically unchanged	20	38.5	10	34.5	10	43.5
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	5	9.6	3	10.3	2	8.7
Tightened somewhat	32	61.5	18	62.1	14	60.9
Remained basically unchanged	15	28.8	8	27.6	7	30.4
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	13	25.0	6	20.7	7	30.4
Tightened somewhat	23	44.2	15	51.7	8	34.8
Remained basically unchanged	16	30.8	8	27.6	8	34.8
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

f. Loan covenants

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	1.9	1	3.4	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	24	46.2	13	44.8	11	47.8
Remained basically unchanged	27	51.9	15	51.7	12	52.2
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

g. Collateralization requirements

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	4.3
Tightened somewhat	20	38.5	12	41.4	8	34.8
Remained basically unchanged	31	59.6	17	58.6	14	60.9
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

3. If your bank has tightened or eased its credit standards or its terms for C&I loans or credit lines over the past three months (as described in questions 1 and 2), how important have been the following possible reasons for the change?

A. Possible reasons for tightening credit standards or loan terms:

a. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected capital position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	31	73.8	18	78.3	13	68.4
Somewhat important	9	21.4	4	17.4	5	26.3
Very important	2	4.8	1	4.3	1	5.3
Total	42	100.0	23	100.0	19	100.0

b. Less favorable or more uncertain economic outlook

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	1	2.4	0	0.0	1	5.6
Somewhat important	19	45.2	10	41.7	9	50.0
Very important	22	52.4	14	58.3	8	44.4
Total	42	100.0	24	100.0	18	100.0

c. Worsening of industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	9	21.4	4	16.7	5	27.8
Somewhat important	20	47.6	14	58.3	6	33.3
Very important	13	31.0	6	25.0	7	38.9
Total	42	100.0	24	100.0	18	100.0

d. Less aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	22	55.0	12	54.5	10	55.6
Somewhat important	13	32.5	6	27.3	7	38.9
Very important	5	12.5	4	18.2	1	5.6
Total	40	100.0	22	100.0	18	100.0

e. Reduced tolerance for risk

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	7	17.5	6	27.3	1	5.6
Somewhat important	23	57.5	11	50.0	12	66.7
Very important	10	25.0	5	22.7	5	27.8
Total	40	100.0	22	100.0	18	100.0

f. Decreased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	23	56.1	10	43.5	13	72.2
Somewhat important	14	34.1	11	47.8	3	16.7
Very important	4	9.8	2	8.7	2	11.1
Total	41	100.0	23	100.0	18	100.0

g. Increase in defaults by borrowers in public debt markets

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	26	63.4	15	65.2	11	61.1
Somewhat important	13	31.7	8	34.8	5	27.8
Very important	2	4.9	0	0.0	2	11.1
Total	41	100.0	23	100.0	18	100.0

h. Increased concern about your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	29	72.5	16	72.7	13	72.2
Somewhat important	7	17.5	5	22.7	2	11.1
Very important	4	10.0	1	4.5	3	16.7
Total	40	100.0	22	100.0	18	100.0

B. Possible reasons for easing credit standards or loan terms:

a. Improvement in your bank's current or expected capital position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Somewhat important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Very important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	0	-	0	-	0	-

b. More favorable or less uncertain economic outlook

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Somewhat important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Very important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	0	-	0	-	0	-

c. Improvement in industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Somewhat important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Very important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	0	-	0	-	0	-

d. More aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Somewhat important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Very important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	0	-	0	-	0	-

e. Increased tolerance for risk

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Somewhat important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Very important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	0	-	0	-	0	-

f. Increased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Somewhat important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Very important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	0	-	0	-	0	-

g. Reduction in defaults by borrowers in public debt markets

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Somewhat important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Very important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	0	-	0	-	0	-

h. Reduced concern about your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Somewhat important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Very important	0	-	0	-	0	-
Total	0	-	0	-	0	-

4. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for C&I loans changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

A. Demand for C&I loans from large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	13	25.0	10	34.5	3	13.0
About the same	24	46.2	10	34.5	14	60.9
Moderately weaker	13	25.0	9	31.0	4	17.4
Substantially weaker	2	3.8	0	0.0	2	8.7
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

B. Demand for C&I loans from small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	6	11.5	3	10.3	3	13.0
About the same	32	61.5	19	65.5	13	56.5
Moderately weaker	13	25.0	7	24.1	6	26.1
Substantially weaker	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	4.3
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

5. If demand for C&I loans has strengthened or weakened over the past three months (as described in question 4), how important have been the following possible reasons for the change?

A. If stronger loan demand (answer 1 or 2 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	9	69.2	7	77.8	2	50.0
Somewhat important	3	23.1	1	11.1	2	50.0
Very important	1	7.7	1	11.1	0	0.0
Total	13	100.0	9	100.0	4	100.0

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	9	64.3	7	70.0	2	50.0
Somewhat important	3	21.4	1	10.0	2	50.0
Very important	2	14.3	2	20.0	0	0.0
Total	14	100.0	10	100.0	4	100.0

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	10	76.9	8	88.9	2	50.0
Somewhat important	3	23.1	1	11.1	2	50.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	13	100.0	9	100.0	4	100.0

d. Customer internally generated funds decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	8	57.1	5	50.0	3	75.0
Somewhat important	5	35.7	4	40.0	1	25.0
Very important	1	7.1	1	10.0	0	0.0
Total	14	100.0	10	100.0	4	100.0

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	12	92.3	8	88.9	4	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	1	7.7	1	11.1	0	0.0
Total	13	100.0	9	100.0	4	100.0

f. Customer borrowing shifted to your bank from other bank or nonbank sources because these other sources became less attractive

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	1	7.7	0	0.0	1	25.0
Somewhat important	4	30.8	2	22.2	2	50.0
Very important	8	61.5	7	77.8	1	25.0
Total	13	100.0	9	100.0	4	100.0

B. If weaker loan demand (answer 4 or 5 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	4	26.7	4	40.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	9	60.0	5	50.0	4	80.0
Very important	2	13.3	1	10.0	1	20.0
Total	15	100.0	10	100.0	5	100.0

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	5	33.3	4	40.0	1	20.0
Somewhat important	9	60.0	6	60.0	3	60.0
Very important	1	6.7	0	0.0	1	20.0
Total	15	100.0	10	100.0	5	100.0

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	9	60.0	7	70.0	2	40.0
Very important	6	40.0	3	30.0	3	60.0
Total	15	100.0	10	100.0	5	100.0

d. Customer internally generated funds increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	10	66.7	8	80.0	2	40.0
Somewhat important	5	33.3	2	20.0	3	60.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	15	100.0	10	100.0	5	100.0

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	5	33.3	3	30.0	2	40.0
Somewhat important	6	40.0	4	40.0	2	40.0
Very important	4	26.7	3	30.0	1	20.0
Total	15	100.0	10	100.0	5	100.0

f. Customer borrowing shifted from your bank to other bank or nonbank credit sources because these other sources became more attractive

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	15	100.0	10	100.0	5	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	15	100.0	10	100.0	5	100.0

6. At your bank, how has the number of inquiries from potential business borrowers regarding the availability and terms of new credit lines or increases in existing lines changed over the past three months? (Please consider only inquiries for additional C&I lines as opposed to the refinancing of existing loans.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The number of inquiries has increased substantially	2	3.8	2	6.9	0	0.0
The number of inquiries has increased moderately	13	25.0	9	31.0	4	17.4
The number of inquiries has stayed about the same	26	50.0	11	37.9	15	65.2
The number of inquiries has decreased moderately	9	17.3	7	24.1	2	8.7
The number of inquiries has decreased substantially	2	3.8	0	0.0	2	8.7
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

Questions 7-8 ask about commercial real estate loans at your bank, including construction and land development loans and loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential real estate. Question 7 deals with changes in your bank's standards over the last three months. Question 8 deals with changes in demand. If your bank's lending standards or terms have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's standards or terms have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

7. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for commercial real estate loans changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	15	28.8	8	27.6	7	30.4
Tightened somewhat	27	51.9	17	58.6	10	43.5
Remained basically unchanged	10	19.2	4	13.8	6	26.1
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

8. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for commercial real estate loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	4.3
Moderately stronger	9	17.3	4	13.8	5	21.7
About the same	16	30.8	8	27.6	8	34.8
Moderately weaker	16	30.8	10	34.5	6	26.1
Substantially weaker	10	19.2	7	24.1	3	13.0
Total	52	100.0	29	100.0	23	100.0

Questions 9-10 ask about three categories of residential mortgage loans at your bank—prime residential mortgages, nontraditional residential mortgages, and subprime residential mortgages. Question 9 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards for loans in each of these categories over the past three months. Question 10 deals with changes in demand for loans in each of these categories over the same period. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if the standards are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.
For the purposes of this survey, please use the following definitions of these loan categories (note that the loan categories are not mutually exclusive) and include first-lien loans only:

The prime category of residential mortgages includes loans made to borrowers that typically had relatively strong, well-documented credit histories, relatively high credit scores, and relatively low debt-to-income ratios at the time of origination. This would include fully amortizing loans that have a fixed rate, a standard adjustable rate, or a common hybrid adjustable rate—those for which the interest rate is initially fixed for a multi-year period and subsequently adjusts more frequently.

The nontraditional category of residential mortgages includes, but is not limited to, adjustable-rate mortgages with multiple payment options, interest-only mortgages, and ``Alt-A'' products such as mortgages with limited income verification and mortgages secured by non-owner-occupied properties. (Please exclude standard adjustable-rate mortgages and common hybrid adjustable-rate mortgages.)

The subprime category of residential mortgages typically includes loans made to borrowers that displayed one or more of the following characteristics at the time of origination: weakened credit histories that include payment delinquencies, chargeoffs, judgments, and/or bankruptcies; reduced repayment capacity as measured by credit scores or debt-to-income ratios; or incomplete credit histories.

9. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications from individuals for mortgage loans to purchase homes changed?

A. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as prime residential mortgages have:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	4.0	1	3.6	1	4.5
Tightened somewhat	35	70.0	21	75.0	14	63.6
Remained basically unchanged	13	26.0	6	21.4	7	31.8
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	28	100.0	22	100.0

B. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as nontraditional residential mortgages have:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	10	31.3	7	35.0	3	25.0
Tightened somewhat	17	53.1	10	50.0	7	58.3
Remained basically unchanged	5	15.6	3	15.0	2	16.7
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	32	100.0	20	100.0	12	100.0

For this question, 18 respondents answered “My bank does not originate nontraditional residential mortgages.”

C. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages have:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	28.6	2	40.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	57.1	2	40.0	2	100.0
Remained basically unchanged	1	14.3	1	20.0	0	0.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	7	100.0	5	100.0	2	100.0

For this question, 43 respondents answered “My bank does not originate subprime residential mortgages.”

10. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for mortgages to purchase homes changed over the past three months? (Please consider only new originations as opposed to the refinancing of existing mortgages.)

A. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as prime residential mortgages was:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	2	4.1	1	3.7	1	4.5
Moderately stronger	9	18.4	6	22.2	3	13.6
About the same	12	24.5	6	22.2	6	27.3
Moderately weaker	25	51.0	14	51.9	11	50.0
Substantially weaker	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.5
Total	49	100.0	27	100.0	22	100.0

B. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as nontraditional residential mortgages was:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	5	15.6	3	15.0	2	16.7
About the same	7	21.9	4	20.0	3	25.0
Moderately weaker	16	50.0	11	55.0	5	41.7
Substantially weaker	4	12.5	2	10.0	2	16.7
Total	32	100.0	20	100.0	12	100.0

For this question, 18 respondents answered “My bank does not originate nontraditional residential mortgages.”

C. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages was:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	2	28.6	1	20.0	1	50.0
About the same	1	14.3	1	20.0	0	0.0
Moderately weaker	2	28.6	2	40.0	0	0.0
Substantially weaker	2	28.6	1	20.0	1	50.0
Total	7	100.0	5	100.0	2	100.0

For this question, 43 respondents answered “My bank does not originate subprime residential mortgages.”

Questions 11-12 ask about revolving home equity lines of credit at your bank. Question 11 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards over the last three months. Question 12 deals with changes in demand. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

11. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for revolving home equity lines of credit changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	11	21.6	9	32.1	2	8.7
Tightened somewhat	30	58.8	17	60.7	13	56.5
Remained basically unchanged	10	19.6	2	7.1	8	34.8
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	28	100.0	23	100.0

12. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for revolving home equity lines of credit changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	2	3.9	2	7.1	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	10	19.6	6	21.4	4	17.4
About the same	22	43.1	10	35.7	12	52.2
Moderately weaker	13	25.5	8	28.6	5	21.7
Substantially weaker	4	7.8	2	7.1	2	8.7
Total	51	100.0	28	100.0	23	100.0

The Economic Stimulus Act of 2008, signed into law on February 13, raised the conforming loan limit through the end of 2008 for a first mortgage on a single-family home in the contiguous United States from $417,000 to 125 percent of the median house price in certain high-cost areas, with an overall cap of $729,750.² Questions 13-15 ask about your bank’s past and expected securitizations with, or sales to, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (the GSEs) of mortgage loans that do not conform to previous loan size limits but do conform under the new limits (conforming-jumbo mortgage loans).

13. Over the past three months, has your bank securitized with, or sold to, the GSEs any conforming-jumbo mortgage loans? (Please also consider loans in the process of being originated.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Yes, my bank has securitized or sold such loans	16	32.0	11	39.3	5	22.7
No, my bank has neither securitized nor sold such loans	27	54.0	16	57.1	11	50.0
My bank has not originated any conforming-jumbo mortgage loans	7	14.0	1	3.6	6	27.3
Total	50	100.0	28	100.0	22	100.0

14. Over the next six months, do you expect your bank to securitize with, or sell to, the GSEs any conforming-jumbo mortgage loans?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Yes, I expect my bank to securitize or sell such loans	22	44.0	16	57.1	6	27.3
No, I do not expect my bank to either securitize or sell such loans	22	44.0	11	39.3	11	50.0
I do not expect that my bank will originate any conforming-jumbo mortgage loans	6	12.0	1	3.6	5	22.7
Total	50	100.0	28	100.0	22	100.0

15. If your bank has not or is not expected to either securitize with, or sell to, the GSEs any conforming-jumbo mortgage loans (answer 2 to questions 13 and 14), how important are the following possible reasons for not doing so?

a. The GSEs’ guarantee fees or other pricing terms make the securitization with, or sale to, the GSEs of these loans uneconomical

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	13	54.2	5	41.7	8	66.7
Somewhat important	8	33.3	5	41.7	3	25.0
Very important	3	12.5	2	16.7	1	8.3
Total	24	100.0	12	100.0	12	100.0

b. Few mortgage applicants at my bank satisfy the underwriting criteria for the mortgages to be guaranteed by the GSEs

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	15	62.5	8	66.7	7	58.3
Somewhat important	8	33.3	3	25.0	5	41.7
Very important	1	4.2	1	8.3	0	0.0
Total	24	100.0	12	100.0	12	100.0

c. Lack of demand for conforming-jumbo mortgage loans by customers at my bank

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	12	50.0	6	50.0	6	50.0
Somewhat important	7	29.2	3	25.0	4	33.3
Very important	5	20.8	3	25.0	2	16.7
Total	24	100.0	12	100.0	12	100.0

Questions 16-21 ask about consumer lending at your bank. Question 16 deals with changes in your bank's willingness to make consumer loans over the past three months. Questions 17-20 deal with changes in credit standards and loan terms over the same period. Question 21 deals with changes in demand for consumer loans over the past three months. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

16. Please indicate your bank's willingness to make consumer installment loans now as opposed to three months ago.

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Much more willing	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Somewhat more willing	1	2.0	1	3.7	0	0.0
About unchanged	31	62.0	15	55.6	16	69.6
Somewhat less willing	17	34.0	11	40.7	6	26.1
Much less willing	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.3
Total	50	100.0	27	100.0	23	100.0

17. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for credit cards from individuals or households changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	3.0	0	0.0	1	6.7
Tightened somewhat	21	63.6	15	83.3	6	40.0
Remained basically unchanged	11	33.3	3	16.7	8	53.3
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	33	100.0	18	100.0	15	100.0

18. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for consumer loans other than credit card loans changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	4.1	1	3.7	1	4.5
Tightened somewhat	31	63.3	18	66.7	13	59.1
Remained basically unchanged	16	32.7	8	29.6	8	36.4
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	27	100.0	22	100.0

19. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on new or existing credit card accounts for individuals or households?

a. Credit limits

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	3.3	1	5.9	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	13	43.3	9	52.9	4	30.8
Remained basically unchanged	16	53.3	7	41.2	9	69.2
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	30	100.0	17	100.0	13	100.0

b. Spreads of interest rates charged on outstanding balances over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	11	36.7	7	41.2	4	30.8
Remained basically unchanged	18	60.0	9	52.9	9	69.2
Eased somewhat	1	3.3	1	5.9	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	30	100.0	17	100.0	13	100.0

c. Minimum percent of outstanding balances required to be repaid each month

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	10.0	1	5.9	2	15.4
Remained basically unchanged	27	90.0	16	94.1	11	84.6
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	30	100.0	17	100.0	13	100.0

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	17	56.7	12	70.6	5	38.5
Remained basically unchanged	13	43.3	5	29.4	8	61.5
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	30	100.0	17	100.0	13	100.0

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	6.7	2	11.8	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	13	43.3	8	47.1	5	38.5
Remained basically unchanged	15	50.0	7	41.2	8	61.5
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	30	100.0	17	100.0	13	100.0

20. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on consumer loans other than credit card loans?

a. Maximum maturity

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	11	22.4	8	29.6	3	13.6
Remained basically unchanged	38	77.6	19	70.4	19	86.4
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	27	100.0	22	100.0

b. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	3	6.1	0	0.0	3	13.6
Tightened somewhat	23	46.9	15	55.6	8	36.4
Remained basically unchanged	22	44.9	11	40.7	11	50.0
Eased somewhat	1	2.0	1	3.7	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	27	100.0	22	100.0

c. Minimum required downpayment

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	2	4.2	2	7.4	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	21	43.8	13	48.1	8	38.1
Remained basically unchanged	25	52.1	12	44.4	13	61.9
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	48	100.0	27	100.0	21	100.0

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	3	6.1	2	7.4	1	4.5
Tightened somewhat	26	53.1	15	55.6	11	50.0
Remained basically unchanged	20	40.8	10	37.0	10	45.5
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	27	100.0	22	100.0

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	4	8.2	3	11.1	1	4.5
Tightened somewhat	20	40.8	9	33.3	11	50.0
Remained basically unchanged	25	51.0	15	55.6	10	45.5
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	27	100.0	22	100.0

21. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for consumer loans of all types changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	6	12.0	4	14.8	2	8.7
About the same	23	46.0	14	51.9	9	39.1
Moderately weaker	20	40.0	9	33.3	11	47.8
Substantially weaker	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.3
Total	50	100.0	27	100.0	23	100.0

In recent quarters, significant fractions of survey respondents have reported having tightened their credit standards on a broad range of loan types. Questions 22-23 ask about your expectations for changes in credit standards at your bank through the end of 2008 and in the first half of 2009.

22. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, how do you expect your bank’s credit standards on loans to businesses to change?

A. Credit standards for approving applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—through the end of 2008 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.3
Tighten somewhat	28	54.9	16	57.1	12	52.2
Remain basically unchanged	22	43.1	12	42.9	10	43.5
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	28	100.0	23	100.0

B. Credit standards for approving applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions— in the first half of 2009 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	2	3.9	1	3.6	1	4.3
Tighten somewhat	22	43.1	13	46.4	9	39.1
Remain basically unchanged	27	52.9	14	50.0	13	56.5
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	28	100.0	23	100.0

C. Credit standards for approving applications for commercial real estate loans through the end of 2008 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	7	14.0	3	11.1	4	17.4
Tighten somewhat	29	58.0	16	59.3	13	56.5
Remain basically unchanged	14	28.0	8	29.6	6	26.1
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	27	100.0	23	100.0

D. Credit standards for approving applications for commercial real estate loans in the first half of 2009 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	2	4.0	1	3.7	1	4.3
Tighten somewhat	24	48.0	11	40.7	13	56.5
Remain basically unchanged	24	48.0	15	55.6	9	39.1
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	27	100.0	23	100.0

23. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, how do you expect your bank’s credit standards on loans to households to change?

A. Credit standards for approving applications for mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as prime through the end of 2008 are expected to:³

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tighten somewhat	22	44.0	14	50.0	8	36.4
Remain basically unchanged	28	56.0	14	50.0	14	63.6
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	28	100.0	22	100.0

B. Credit standards for approving applications for mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as prime in the first half of 2009 are expected to:³

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tighten somewhat	16	32.0	9	32.1	7	31.8
Remain basically unchanged	33	66.0	18	64.3	15	68.2
Ease somewhat	1	2.0	1	3.6	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	28	100.0	22	100.0

C. Credit standards for approving applications for mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as nonprime—including nontraditional and subprime—through the end of 2008 are expected to:³

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	2	9.1	1	5.9	1	20.0
Tighten somewhat	12	54.5	8	47.1	4	80.0
Remain basically unchanged	7	31.8	7	41.2	0	0.0
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	22	100.0	17	100.0	5	100.0

For this question, 28 respondents answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

D. Credit standards for approving applications for mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as nonprime—including nontraditional and subprime—in the first half of 2009 are expected to:³

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	1	5.0	1	6.3	0	0.0
Tighten somewhat	9	45.0	7	43.8	2	50.0
Remain basically unchanged	9	45.0	7	43.8	2	50.0
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	20	100.0	16	100.0	4	100.0

For this question, 28 respondents answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

E. Credit standards for approving applications for revolving home equity lines of credit through the end of 2008 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.3
Tighten somewhat	30	58.8	19	67.9	11	47.8
Remain basically unchanged	19	37.3	9	32.1	10	43.5
Ease somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.3
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	28	100.0	23	100.0

F. Credit standards for approving applications for revolving home equity lines of credit in the first half of 2009 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tighten somewhat	20	39.2	11	39.3	9	39.1
Remain basically unchanged	31	60.8	17	60.7	14	60.9
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	28	100.0	23	100.0

G. Credit standards for approving applications for credit cards through the end of 2008 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tighten somewhat	19	61.3	11	64.7	8	57.1
Remain basically unchanged	12	38.7	6	35.3	6	42.9
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	31	100.0	17	100.0	14	100.0

For this question, 14 respondents answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

H. Credit standards for approving applications for credit cards in the first half of 2009 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tighten somewhat	12	38.7	4	23.5	8	57.1
Remain basically unchanged	18	58.1	12	70.6	6	42.9
Ease somewhat	1	3.2	1	5.9	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	31	100.0	17	100.0	14	100.0

For this question, 14 respondents answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

I. Credit standards for approving applications for consumer loans other than credit card loans through the end of 2008 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.3
Tighten somewhat	25	50.0	15	55.6	10	43.5
Remain basically unchanged	24	48.0	12	44.4	12	52.2
Ease somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	27	100.0	23	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

J. Credit standards for approving applications for consumer loans other than credit card loans in the first half of 2009 are expected to:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tighten considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tighten somewhat	17	34.0	8	29.6	9	39.1
Remain basically unchanged	32	64.0	19	70.4	13	56.5
Ease somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.3
Ease considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	27	100.0	23	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

1. The sample is selected from among the largest banks in each Federal Reserve District. In the table, large banks are defined as those with total domestic assets of $20 billion or more as of March 31, 2008. The combined assets of the 29 large banks totaled $5.8 trillion, compared to $6.1 trillion for the entire panel of 52 banks, and $9.8 trillion for all domestically chartered, federally insured commercial banks.

2. For additional information about the maximum conforming loan limits that will be in effect through the end of 2008 see: www.ofheo.gov/newsroom.aspx?ID=418&q1=0&q2=0 .

3. For definitions of prime, nontraditional and subprime residential mortgage loans, please refer to questions 9-10.

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Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending PracticesJuly 2008

Table 1

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices at Selected Large Banks in the United States 1

(Status of policy as of July 2008)

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
July 2008

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
at Selected Large Banks in the United States ¹