Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
July 2011

Table 1

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
at Selected Large Banks in the United States ¹

(Status of policy as of July 2011)

Questions 1-6 ask about commercial and industrial (C&I) loans at your bank. Questions 1-3 deal with changes in your bank's lending policies over the past three months. Questions 4-5 deal with changes in demand for C&I loans over the past three months. Question 6 asks about changes in prospective demand for C&I loans at your bank, as indicated by the volume of recent inquiries about the availability of new credit lines or increases in existing lines. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

1. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—to large and middle-market firms and to small firms changed? (If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested below, please use your definitions and indicate what they are.)

A. Standards for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	43	78.2	24	72.7	19	86.4
Eased somewhat	12	21.8	9	27.3	3	13.6
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

B. Standards for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	47	92.2	26	89.7	21	95.5
Eased somewhat	4	7.8	3	10.3	1	4.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	29	100.0	22	100.0

2. For applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—from large and middle-market firms and from small firms that your bank currently is willing to approve, how have the terms of those loans changed over the past three months?

A. Terms for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.8	0	0.0	1	4.5
Remained basically unchanged	47	85.5	26	78.8	21	95.5
Eased somewhat	7	12.7	7	21.2	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.8	0	0.0	1	4.5
Remained basically unchanged	43	78.2	24	72.7	19	86.4
Eased somewhat	11	20.0	9	27.3	2	9.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

c. Costs of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.8	0	0.0	1	4.5
Remained basically unchanged	34	61.8	17	51.5	17	77.3
Eased somewhat	20	36.4	16	48.5	4	18.2
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.5	2	6.1	1	4.5
Remained basically unchanged	19	34.5	8	24.2	11	50.0
Eased somewhat	33	60.0	23	69.7	10	45.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	9.1	1	3.0	4	18.2
Remained basically unchanged	42	76.4	25	75.8	17	77.3
Eased somewhat	8	14.5	7	21.2	1	4.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

f. Loan covenants

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.6	2	6.1	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	38	69.1	18	54.5	20	90.9
Eased somewhat	15	27.3	13	39.4	2	9.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

g. Collateralization requirements

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	53	96.4	32	97.0	21	95.5
Eased somewhat	2	3.6	1	3.0	1	4.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	26	48.1	16	50.0	10	45.5
Eased somewhat	22	40.7	14	43.8	8	36.4
Eased considerably	6	11.1	2	6.3	4	18.2
Total	54	100.0	32	100.0	22	100.0

B. Terms for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	46	88.5	25	83.3	21	95.5
Eased somewhat	6	11.5	5	16.7	1	4.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

c. Costs of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	4.5
Remained basically unchanged	40	76.9	21	70.0	19	86.4
Eased somewhat	11	21.2	9	30.0	2	9.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.9	1	3.3	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	28	53.8	12	40.0	16	72.7
Eased somewhat	23	44.2	17	56.7	6	27.3
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	5	9.6	1	3.3	4	18.2
Remained basically unchanged	44	84.6	26	86.7	18	81.8
Eased somewhat	3	5.8	3	10.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

f. Loan covenants

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.9	1	3.3	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	43	82.7	23	76.7	20	90.9
Eased somewhat	8	15.4	6	20.0	2	9.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

g. Collateralization requirements

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	51	98.1	29	96.7	22	100.0
Eased somewhat	1	1.9	1	3.3	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	31	60.8	18	62.1	13	59.1
Eased somewhat	15	29.4	9	31.0	6	27.3
Eased considerably	5	9.8	2	6.9	3	13.6
Total	51	100.0	29	100.0	22	100.0

3. If your bank has tightened or eased its credit standards or its terms for C&I loans or credit lines over the past three months (as described in questions 1 and 2), how important have been the following possible reasons for the change?

A. Possible reasons for tightening credit standards or loan terms:

a. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected capital position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	4	66.7	2	50.0	2	100.0
Somewhat important	2	33.3	2	50.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	6	100.0	4	100.0	2	100.0

b. Less favorable or more uncertain economic outlook

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	1	16.7	0	0.0	1	50.0
Somewhat important	5	83.3	4	100.0	1	50.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	6	100.0	4	100.0	2	100.0

c. Worsening of industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	4	66.7	3	75.0	1	50.0
Somewhat important	2	33.3	1	25.0	1	50.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	6	100.0	4	100.0	2	100.0

d. Less aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	4	66.7	2	50.0	2	100.0
Somewhat important	2	33.3	2	50.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	6	100.0	4	100.0	2	100.0

e. Reduced tolerance for risk

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	33.3	2	50.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	3	50.0	2	50.0	1	50.0
Very important	1	16.7	0	0.0	1	50.0
Total	6	100.0	4	100.0	2	100.0

f. Decreased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	33.3	2	50.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	3	50.0	1	25.0	2	100.0
Very important	1	16.7	1	25.0	0	0.0
Total	6	100.0	4	100.0	2	100.0

g. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	5	83.3	3	75.0	2	100.0
Somewhat important	1	16.7	1	25.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	6	100.0	4	100.0	2	100.0

h. Increased concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	1	16.7	1	25.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	4	66.7	2	50.0	2	100.0
Very important	1	16.7	1	25.0	0	0.0
Total	6	100.0	4	100.0	2	100.0

B. Possible reasons for easing credit standards or loan terms:

a. Improvement in your bank's current or expected capital position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	34	89.5	22	84.6	12	100.0
Somewhat important	4	10.5	4	15.4	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	38	100.0	26	100.0	12	100.0

b. More favorable or less uncertain economic outlook

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	23	60.5	15	57.7	8	66.7
Somewhat important	14	36.8	10	38.5	4	33.3
Very important	1	2.6	1	3.8	0	0.0
Total	38	100.0	26	100.0	12	100.0

c. Improvement in industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	29	76.3	18	69.2	11	91.7
Somewhat important	9	23.7	8	30.8	1	8.3
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	38	100.0	26	100.0	12	100.0

d. More aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	3	7.5	3	11.1	0	0.0
Somewhat important	13	32.5	7	25.9	6	46.2
Very important	24	60.0	17	63.0	7	53.8
Total	40	100.0	27	100.0	13	100.0

e. Increased tolerance for risk

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	31	81.6	19	73.1	12	100.0
Somewhat important	7	18.4	7	26.9	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	38	100.0	26	100.0	12	100.0

f. Increased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	30	78.9	19	73.1	11	91.7
Somewhat important	7	18.4	6	23.1	1	8.3
Very important	1	2.6	1	3.8	0	0.0
Total	38	100.0	26	100.0	12	100.0

g. Improvement in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	30	78.9	22	84.6	8	66.7
Somewhat important	7	18.4	4	15.4	3	25.0
Very important	1	2.6	0	0.0	1	8.3
Total	38	100.0	26	100.0	12	100.0

h. Reduced concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	36	94.7	25	96.2	11	91.7
Somewhat important	2	5.3	1	3.8	1	8.3
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	38	100.0	26	100.0	12	100.0

4. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for C&I loans changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

A. Demand for C&I loans from large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	1	1.8	1	3.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	15	27.3	12	36.4	3	13.6
About the same	34	61.8	19	57.6	15	68.2
Moderately weaker	5	9.1	1	3.0	4	18.2
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

B. Demand for C&I loans from small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	9	17.3	5	16.7	4	18.2
About the same	37	71.2	23	76.7	14	63.6
Moderately weaker	5	9.6	2	6.7	3	13.6
Substantially weaker	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	4.5
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

5. If demand for C&I loans has strengthened or weakened over the past three months (as described in question 4), how important have been the following possible reasons for the change?

A. If stronger loan demand (answer 1 or 2 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	6	31.6	3	21.4	3	60.0
Somewhat important	13	68.4	11	78.6	2	40.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	19	100.0	14	100.0	5	100.0

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	8	42.1	4	28.6	4	80.0
Somewhat important	11	57.9	10	71.4	1	20.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	19	100.0	14	100.0	5	100.0

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	8	42.1	7	50.0	1	20.0
Somewhat important	10	52.6	6	42.9	4	80.0
Very important	1	5.3	1	7.1	0	0.0
Total	19	100.0	14	100.0	5	100.0

d. Customer internally generated funds decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	15	78.9	10	71.4	5	100.0
Somewhat important	4	21.1	4	28.6	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	19	100.0	14	100.0	5	100.0

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	7	36.8	3	21.4	4	80.0
Somewhat important	10	52.6	9	64.3	1	20.0
Very important	2	10.5	2	14.3	0	0.0
Total	19	100.0	14	100.0	5	100.0

f. Customer borrowing shifted to your bank from other bank or nonbank sources because these other sources became less attractive

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	4	21.1	4	28.6	0	0.0
Somewhat important	14	73.7	9	64.3	5	100.0
Very important	1	5.3	1	7.1	0	0.0
Total	19	100.0	14	100.0	5	100.0

B. If weaker loan demand (answer 4 or 5 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	1	14.3	1	25.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	5	71.4	2	50.0	3	100.0
Very important	1	14.3	1	25.0	0	0.0
Total	7	100.0	4	100.0	3	100.0

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	1	14.3	1	25.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	5	71.4	2	50.0	3	100.0
Very important	1	14.3	1	25.0	0	0.0
Total	7	100.0	4	100.0	3	100.0

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	5	71.4	3	75.0	2	66.7
Very important	2	28.6	1	25.0	1	33.3
Total	7	100.0	4	100.0	3	100.0

d. Customer internally generated funds increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	28.6	2	50.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	4	57.1	2	50.0	2	66.7
Very important	1	14.3	0	0.0	1	33.3
Total	7	100.0	4	100.0	3	100.0

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	28.6	1	25.0	1	33.3
Somewhat important	3	42.9	2	50.0	1	33.3
Very important	2	28.6	1	25.0	1	33.3
Total	7	100.0	4	100.0	3	100.0

f. Customer borrowing shifted from your bank to other bank or nonbank credit sources because these other sources became more attractive

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	7	100.0	4	100.0	3	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	7	100.0	4	100.0	3	100.0

6. At your bank, apart from seasonal variation, how has the number of inquiries from potential business borrowers regarding the availability and terms of new credit lines or increases in existing lines changed over the past three months? (Please consider only inquiries for additional or increased C&I lines as opposed to the refinancing of existing loans.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The number of inquiries has increased substantially	2	3.6	2	6.1	0	0.0
The number of inquiries has increased moderately	16	29.1	11	33.3	5	22.7
The number of inquiries has stayed about the same	32	58.2	18	54.5	14	63.6
The number of inquiries has decreased moderately	2	3.6	1	3.0	1	4.5
The number of inquiries has decreased substantially	3	5.5	1	3.0	2	9.1
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

Questions 7-8 ask about commercial real estate (CRE) loans at your bank, including construction and land development loans and loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential real estate. Question 7 deals with changes in your bank's standards over the past three months. Question 8 deals with changes in demand. If your bank's lending standards or terms have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's standards or terms have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

7. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for CRE loans changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	7.3	2	6.1	2	9.1
Remained basically unchanged	44	80.0	25	75.8	19	86.4
Eased somewhat	6	10.9	5	15.2	1	4.5
Eased considerably	1	1.8	1	3.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

8. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for CRE loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	18	32.7	13	39.4	5	22.7
About the same	31	56.4	19	57.6	12	54.5
Moderately weaker	6	10.9	1	3.0	5	22.7
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	55	100.0	33	100.0	22	100.0

Questions 9-10 ask about three categories of residential mortgage loans at your bank—prime residential mortgages, nontraditional residential mortgages, and subprime residential mortgages. Question 9 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards for loans in each of these categories over the past three months. Question 10 deals with changes in demand for loans in each of these categories over the same period. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if the standards are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.
For the purposes of this survey, please use the following definitions of these loan categories (note that the loan categories are not mutually exclusive) and include first-lien loans only:

The prime category of residential mortgages includes loans made to borrowers that typically had relatively strong, well-documented credit histories, relatively high credit scores, and relatively low debt-to-income ratios at the time of origination. This would include fully amortizing loans that have a fixed rate, a standard adjustable rate, or a common hybrid adjustable rate—those for which the interest rate is initially fixed for a multi-year period and subsequently adjusts more frequently.

The nontraditional category of residential mortgages includes, but is not limited to, adjustable-rate mortgages with multiple payment options, interest-only mortgages, and ``Alt-A'' products such as mortgages with limited income verification and mortgages secured by non-owner-occupied properties. (Please exclude standard adjustable-rate mortgages and common hybrid adjustable-rate mortgages.)

The subprime category of residential mortgages typically includes loans made to borrowers that displayed one or more of the following characteristics at the time of origination: weakened credit histories that include payment delinquencies, chargeoffs, judgments, and/or bankruptcies; reduced repayment capacity as measured by credit scores or debt-to-income ratios; or incomplete credit histories.

9. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications from individuals for mortgage loans to purchase homes changed?

A. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as prime residential mortgages have:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	5.7	2	6.3	1	4.8
Remained basically unchanged	46	86.8	27	84.4	19	90.5
Eased somewhat	4	7.5	3	9.4	1	4.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	53	100.0	32	100.0	21	100.0

B. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as nontraditional residential mortgages have:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	4.2	1	5.6	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	21	87.5	16	88.9	5	83.3
Eased somewhat	2	8.3	1	5.6	1	16.7
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	24	100.0	18	100.0	6	100.0

For this question, 26 respondents answered “My bank does not originate nontraditional residential mortgages.”

C. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages have:

Responses are not reported when the number of respondents is 3 or fewer.

10. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for mortgages to purchase homes changed over the past three months? (Please consider only new originations as opposed to the refinancing of existing mortgages.)

A. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as prime residential mortgages was:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	12	22.6	4	12.5	8	38.1
About the same	28	52.8	19	59.4	9	42.9
Moderately weaker	13	24.5	9	28.1	4	19.0
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	53	100.0	32	100.0	21	100.0

B. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as nontraditional residential mortgages was:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	2	8.3	2	11.1	0	0.0
About the same	17	70.8	12	66.7	5	83.3
Moderately weaker	4	16.7	4	22.2	0	0.0
Substantially weaker	1	4.2	0	0.0	1	16.7
Total	24	100.0	18	100.0	6	100.0

For this question, 26 respondents answered “My bank does not originate nontraditional residential mortgages.”

C. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages was:

Responses are not reported when the number of respondents is 3 or fewer.

Questions 11-12 ask about revolving home equity lines of credit at your bank. Question 11 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards over the past three months. Question 12 deals with changes in demand. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

11. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for revolving home equity lines of credit changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	4.5
Remained basically unchanged	47	88.7	27	87.1	20	90.9
Eased somewhat	5	9.4	4	12.9	1	4.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	53	100.0	31	100.0	22	100.0

12. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for revolving home equity lines of credit changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	10	18.9	3	9.7	7	31.8
About the same	29	54.7	22	71.0	7	31.8
Moderately weaker	14	26.4	6	19.4	8	36.4
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	53	100.0	31	100.0	22	100.0

Question 13 asks about how originations of closed-end residential real estate loans at your bank are expected to change in the second half of 2011. If originations of such loans at your bank are expected to decrease or remain about the same, Question 14 asks about the possible reasons for those expectations.

13. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, how does your bank expect its originations of closed-end residential real estate loans to change over the second half of 2011 compared to its originations of such loans in the first half of 2011, apart from normal seasonal variation?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Originations will increase significantly	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Originations will increase somewhat	7	13.5	5	16.1	2	9.5
Originations will stay about the same	39	75.0	22	71.0	17	81.0
Originations will decrease somewhat	6	11.5	4	12.9	2	9.5
Originations will decrease significantly	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	31	100.0	21	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate closed-end residential real estate loans.”

14. If your bank's originations of closed-end residential real estate loans are expected to decrease or to stay about the same in the second half of 2011 (as described in question 13), how important are the following possible reasons for those expectations?

a. Consensus forecasts for the broad economy are still unfavorable or too uncertain

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	4.5	2	7.7	0	0.0
Somewhat important	23	52.3	14	53.8	9	50.0
Very important	19	43.2	10	38.5	9	50.0
Total	44	100.0	26	100.0	18	100.0

b. Consensus forecasts for house prices are still unfavorable or too uncertain

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	3	6.8	1	3.8	2	11.1
Somewhat important	20	45.5	12	46.2	8	44.4
Very important	21	47.7	13	50.0	8	44.4
Total	44	100.0	26	100.0	18	100.0

c. Reassessment of the risks inherent in mortgage lending

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	31	70.5	21	80.8	10	55.6
Somewhat important	12	27.3	4	15.4	8	44.4
Very important	1	2.3	1	3.8	0	0.0
Total	44	100.0	26	100.0	18	100.0

d. Increased concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	19	43.2	12	46.2	7	38.9
Somewhat important	13	29.5	7	26.9	6	33.3
Very important	12	27.3	7	26.9	5	27.8
Total	44	100.0	26	100.0	18	100.0

e. Reduced or unchanged demand from creditworthy borrowers

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	18	40.9	10	38.5	8	44.4
Very important	26	59.1	16	61.5	10	55.6
Total	44	100.0	26	100.0	18	100.0

f. Lack of active secondary and securitization markets for loans that do not conform to the standards of the government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	31	70.5	18	69.2	13	72.2
Somewhat important	10	22.7	5	19.2	5	27.8
Very important	3	6.8	3	11.5	0	0.0
Total	44	100.0	26	100.0	18	100.0

g. Expected reduction in the conforming loan limits announced by the Federal Housing Finance Administration (FHFA)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	27	61.4	16	61.5	11	61.1
Somewhat important	14	31.8	7	26.9	7	38.9
Very important	3	6.8	3	11.5	0	0.0
Total	44	100.0	26	100.0	18	100.0

h. Reduced availability of private mortgage insurance

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	31	70.5	20	76.9	11	61.1
Somewhat important	10	22.7	4	15.4	6	33.3
Very important	3	6.8	2	7.7	1	5.6
Total	44	100.0	26	100.0	18	100.0

Questions 15-24 ask about consumer lending at your bank. Question 15 deals with changes in your bank's willingness to make consumer loans over the past three months. Questions 16-21 deal with changes in credit standards and loan terms over the same period. Questions 22-24deal with changes in demand for consumer loans over the past three months. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

15. Please indicate your bank's willingness to make consumer installment loans now as opposed to three months ago.

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Much more willing	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Somewhat more willing	16	30.8	8	26.7	8	36.4
About unchanged	34	65.4	20	66.7	14	63.6
Somewhat less willing	1	1.9	1	3.3	0	0.0
Much less willing	1	1.9	1	3.3	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

16. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for credit cards from individuals or households changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	39	90.7	21	84.0	18	100.0
Eased somewhat	4	9.3	4	16.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	43	100.0	25	100.0	18	100.0

17. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for auto loans to individuals or households changed? (Please include loans arising from retail sales of passenger cars and other vehicles such as minivans, vans, sport-utility vehicles, pickup trucks, and similar light trucks for personal use, whether new or used. Please exclude loans to finance fleet sales, personal cash loans secured by automobiles already paid for, loans to finance the purchase of commercial vehicles and farm equipment, and lease financing.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	1	3.6	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	38	76.0	17	60.7	21	95.5
Eased somewhat	11	22.0	10	35.7	1	4.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	28	100.0	22	100.0

18. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.8	2	6.7	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	43	82.7	22	73.3	21	95.5
Eased somewhat	7	13.5	6	20.0	1	4.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

19. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on new or existing credit card accounts for individuals or households?

a. Credit limits

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	4	11.1	4	17.4	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	29	80.6	16	69.6	13	100.0
Eased somewhat	3	8.3	3	13.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	36	100.0	23	100.0	13	100.0

b. Spreads of interest rates charged on outstanding balances over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	5.6	2	8.7	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	33	91.7	20	87.0	13	100.0
Eased somewhat	1	2.8	1	4.3	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	36	100.0	23	100.0	13	100.0

c. Minimum percent of outstanding balances required to be repaid each month

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.8	1	4.3	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	34	94.4	21	91.3	13	100.0
Eased somewhat	1	2.8	1	4.3	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	36	100.0	23	100.0	13	100.0

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.8	0	0.0	1	7.7
Remained basically unchanged	35	97.2	23	100.0	12	92.3
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	36	100.0	23	100.0	13	100.0

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.8	1	4.3	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	33	91.7	20	87.0	13	100.0
Eased somewhat	2	5.6	2	8.7	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	36	100.0	23	100.0	13	100.0

20. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on loans to individuals or households to purchase autos?

a. Maximum maturity

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	44	91.7	24	88.9	20	95.2
Eased somewhat	4	8.3	3	11.1	1	4.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	48	100.0	27	100.0	21	100.0

b. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.1	1	3.7	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	27	56.3	14	51.9	13	61.9
Eased somewhat	19	39.6	12	44.4	7	33.3
Eased considerably	1	2.1	0	0.0	1	4.8
Total	48	100.0	27	100.0	21	100.0

c. Minimum required down payment (higher=tightened, lower=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	47	95.9	26	92.9	21	100.0
Eased somewhat	2	4.1	2	7.1	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	28	100.0	21	100.0

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	44	89.8	24	85.7	20	95.2
Eased somewhat	5	10.2	4	14.3	1	4.8
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	28	100.0	21	100.0

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	47	95.9	26	92.9	21	100.0
Eased somewhat	2	4.1	2	7.1	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	28	100.0	21	100.0

21. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans?

a. Maximum maturity

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.5
Remained basically unchanged	48	94.1	27	93.1	21	95.5
Eased somewhat	2	3.9	2	6.9	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	29	100.0	22	100.0

b. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	40	78.4	23	79.3	17	77.3
Eased somewhat	11	21.6	6	20.7	5	22.7
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	29	100.0	22	100.0

c. Minimum required down payment (higher=tightened, lower=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	49	98.0	28	96.6	21	100.0
Eased somewhat	1	2.0	1	3.4	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	29	100.0	21	100.0

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	1	3.4	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	46	90.2	25	86.2	21	95.5
Eased somewhat	4	7.8	3	10.3	1	4.5
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	29	100.0	22	100.0

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	1	3.4	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	48	94.1	26	89.7	22	100.0
Eased somewhat	2	3.9	2	6.9	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	29	100.0	22	100.0

22. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for credit card loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	5	14.3	4	19.0	1	7.1
About the same	27	77.1	16	76.2	11	78.6
Moderately weaker	3	8.6	1	4.8	2	14.3
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	35	100.0	21	100.0	14	100.0

23. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for auto loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.8
Moderately stronger	12	24.5	5	17.9	7	33.3
About the same	30	61.2	20	71.4	10	47.6
Moderately weaker	6	12.2	3	10.7	3	14.3
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	49	100.0	28	100.0	21	100.0

24. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	8	15.4	3	10.0	5	22.7
About the same	35	67.3	21	70.0	14	63.6
Moderately weaker	9	17.3	6	20.0	3	13.6
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	52	100.0	30	100.0	22	100.0

Question 25 asks about the level of standards at your bank between 2005 and the present. In several quarters during this period, large fractions of respondents to this survey reported having tightened their lending standards on most major loan categories. For each of the loan categories listed below, please consider the points at which standards at your bank were tightest and easiest during this period.

25. Using the range between the tightest and easiest that standards at your bank have been between 2005 and the present for each of the loan categories listed below, how would you describe the current level of standards?

A. C&I loans:

a. New syndicated or club loans (large loans originated by a group of relationship lenders) to investment-grade firms (or unrated firms of similar creditworthiness)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	4	8.0	3	9.4	1	5.6
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	10	20.0	8	25.0	2	11.1
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	21	42.0	15	46.9	6	33.3
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	5	10.0	2	6.3	3	16.7
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	6	12.0	3	9.4	3	16.7
The tightest that standards have been during this period	4	8.0	1	3.1	3	16.7
Total	50	100.0	32	100.0	18	100.0

b. New syndicated or club loans to below-investment-grade firms (or unrated firms of similar creditworthiness)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	5	10.2	3	9.7	2	11.1
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	7	14.3	6	19.4	1	5.6
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	13	26.5	8	25.8	5	27.8
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	8	16.3	7	22.6	1	5.6
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	11	22.4	6	19.4	5	27.8
The tightest that standards have been during this period	5	10.2	1	3.2	4	22.2
Total	49	100.0	31	100.0	18	100.0

c. Non-syndicated loans to large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	3	5.6	2	6.1	1	4.8
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	10	18.5	8	24.2	2	9.5
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	23	42.6	15	45.5	8	38.1
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	9	16.7	6	18.2	3	14.3
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	8	14.8	2	6.1	6	28.6
The tightest that standards have been during this period	1	1.9	0	0.0	1	4.8
Total	54	100.0	33	100.0	21	100.0

d. Non-syndicated loans to small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	3	5.9	2	6.7	1	4.8
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	6	11.8	4	13.3	2	9.5
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	24	47.1	18	60.0	6	28.6
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	5	9.8	2	6.7	3	14.3
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	12	23.5	4	13.3	8	38.1
The tightest that standards have been during this period	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.8
Total	51	100.0	30	100.0	21	100.0

B. Loans secured by commercial real estate:

a. For construction and land development purposes

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	2	3.7	1	3.1	1	4.5
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	1	1.9	1	3.1	0	0.0
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	10	18.5	5	15.6	5	22.7
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	5	9.3	5	15.6	0	0.0
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	20	37.0	15	46.9	5	22.7
The tightest that standards have been during this period	16	29.6	5	15.6	11	50.0
Total	54	100.0	32	100.0	22	100.0

b. For nonfarm nonresidential purposes

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	4	7.4	2	6.3	2	9.1
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	3	5.6	2	6.3	1	4.5
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	12	22.2	8	25.0	4	18.2
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	7	13.0	5	15.6	2	9.1
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	20	37.0	11	34.4	9	40.9
The tightest that standards have been during this period	8	14.8	4	12.5	4	18.2
Total	54	100.0	32	100.0	22	100.0

c. For multifamily purposes

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	5	9.3	3	9.4	2	9.1
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	6	11.1	4	12.5	2	9.1
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	13	24.1	10	31.3	3	13.6
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	13	24.1	8	25.0	5	22.7
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	15	27.8	7	21.9	8	36.4
The tightest that standards have been during this period	2	3.7	0	0.0	2	9.1
Total	54	100.0	32	100.0	22	100.0

C. Residential real estate

a. Closed-end loans that your bank categorizes as prime residential mortgages (as described in questions 9A and 10A) with principal balances less than or equal to the conforming loan limits announced by the FHFA² or that qualify for a guarantee from the Federal Housing Administration

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	3	5.9	1	3.2	2	10.0
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	2	3.9	1	3.2	1	5.0
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	16	31.4	10	32.3	6	30.0
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	11	21.6	9	29.0	2	10.0
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	13	25.5	7	22.6	6	30.0
The tightest that standards have been during this period	6	11.8	3	9.7	3	15.0
Total	51	100.0	31	100.0	20	100.0

b. Closed-end loans that your bank categorizes as prime residential mortgages (as described in questions 9A and 10A) with principal balances greater than the conforming loan limits announced by the FHFA

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	2	3.9	1	3.2	1	5.0
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	3	5.9	1	3.2	2	10.0
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	12	23.5	7	22.6	5	25.0
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	14	27.5	11	35.5	3	15.0
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	15	29.4	8	25.8	7	35.0
The tightest that standards have been during this period	5	9.8	3	9.7	2	10.0
Total	51	100.0	31	100.0	20	100.0

c. Closed-end loans that your bank categorizes as nontraditional residential mortgages (as described in questions 9B and 10B)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	1	4.5	1	5.9	0	0.0
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	1	4.5	1	5.9	0	0.0
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	6	27.3	6	35.3	0	0.0
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	3	13.6	2	11.8	1	20.0
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	9	40.9	5	29.4	4	80.0
The tightest that standards have been during this period	2	9.1	2	11.8	0	0.0
Total	22	100.0	17	100.0	5	100.0

d. Closed-end loans that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages (as described in questions 9C and 10C)

Responses are not reported when the number of respondents is 3 or fewer.

e. Revolving home equity lines of credit

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	4	8.2	2	6.7	2	10.5
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	3	6.1	2	6.7	1	5.3
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	11	22.4	6	20.0	5	26.3
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	10	20.4	4	13.3	6	31.6
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	18	36.7	15	50.0	3	15.8
The tightest that standards have been during this period	3	6.1	1	3.3	2	10.5
Total	49	100.0	30	100.0	19	100.0

D. Consumer lending

a. Credit card loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	3	8.8	1	4.5	2	16.7
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	12	35.3	8	36.4	4	33.3
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	7	20.6	4	18.2	3	25.0
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	11	32.4	8	36.4	3	25.0
The tightest that standards have been during this period	1	2.9	1	4.5	0	0.0
Total	34	100.0	22	100.0	12	100.0

b. Auto loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	5	10.6	2	7.4	3	15.0
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	4	8.5	2	7.4	2	10.0
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	21	44.7	13	48.1	8	40.0
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	7	14.9	3	11.1	4	20.0
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	9	19.1	7	25.9	2	10.0
The tightest that standards have been during this period	1	2.1	0	0.0	1	5.0
Total	47	100.0	27	100.0	20	100.0

c. Consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The easiest that standards have been during this period	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Slightly tighter than the easiest that standards have been during this period	5	10.0	2	6.9	3	14.3
Significantly tighter than the easiest but easier than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	3	6.0	1	3.4	2	9.5
Near the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	16	32.0	8	27.6	8	38.1
Significantly easier than the tightest but tighter than the middle of the range that standards have been during this period	8	16.0	5	17.2	3	14.3
Slightly easier than the tightest that standards have been during this period	17	34.0	13	44.8	4	19.0
The tightest that standards have been during this period	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	4.8
Total	50	100.0	29	100.0	21	100.0

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Last update: August 15, 2011

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending PracticesJuly 2011

Table 1

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices at Selected Large Banks in the United States 1

(Status of policy as of July 2011)

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
July 2011

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
at Selected Large Banks in the United States ¹