Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
January 2013

Table 1

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
at Selected Large Banks in the United States ¹

(Status of policy as of January 2013)

Questions 1-6 ask about commercial and industrial (C&I) loans at your bank. Questions 1-3 deal with changes in your bank's lending policies over the past three months. Questions 4-5 deal with changes in demand for C&I loans over the past three months. Question 6 asks about changes in prospective demand for C&I loans at your bank, as indicated by the volume of recent inquiries about the availability of new credit lines or increases in existing lines. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

1. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—to large and middle-market firms and to small firms changed? (If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested below, please use your definitions and indicate what they are.)

A. Standards for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	63	92.6	32	91.4	31	93.9
Eased somewhat	5	7.4	3	8.6	2	6.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

B. Standards for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.5	1	3.1	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	58	89.2	28	87.5	30	90.9
Eased somewhat	6	9.2	3	9.4	3	9.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

2. For applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—from large and middle-market firms and from small firms that your bank currently is willing to approve, how have the terms of those loans changed over the past three months?

A. Terms for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.5	1	2.9	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	54	79.4	25	71.4	29	87.9
Eased somewhat	13	19.1	9	25.7	4	12.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	61	89.7	34	97.1	27	81.8
Eased somewhat	7	10.3	1	2.9	6	18.2
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

c. Costs of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	45	66.2	25	71.4	20	60.6
Eased somewhat	23	33.8	10	28.6	13	39.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.5	1	2.9	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	29	42.6	16	45.7	13	39.4
Eased somewhat	36	52.9	18	51.4	18	54.5
Eased considerably	2	2.9	0	0.0	2	6.1
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	2.9	0	0.0	2	6.1
Remained basically unchanged	58	85.3	30	85.7	28	84.8
Eased somewhat	7	10.3	5	14.3	2	6.1
Eased considerably	1	1.5	0	0.0	1	3.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

f. Loan covenants

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	55	80.9	24	68.6	31	93.9
Eased somewhat	13	19.1	11	31.4	2	6.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

g. Collateralization requirements

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	64	94.1	32	91.4	32	97.0
Eased somewhat	4	5.9	3	8.6	1	3.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	35	53.0	21	63.6	14	42.4
Eased somewhat	20	30.3	9	27.3	11	33.3
Eased considerably	11	16.7	3	9.1	8	24.2
Total	66	100.0	33	100.0	33	100.0

B. Terms for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	59	90.8	29	90.6	30	90.9
Eased somewhat	6	9.2	3	9.4	3	9.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	54	83.1	26	81.3	28	84.8
Eased somewhat	11	16.9	6	18.8	5	15.2
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

c. Costs of credit lines

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.5	1	3.1	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	48	73.8	28	87.5	20	60.6
Eased somewhat	16	24.6	3	9.4	13	39.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.5	1	3.1	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	30	46.2	17	53.1	13	39.4
Eased somewhat	34	52.3	14	43.8	20	60.6
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.1	0	0.0	2	6.1
Remained basically unchanged	59	90.8	30	93.8	29	87.9
Eased somewhat	4	6.2	2	6.3	2	6.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

f. Loan covenants

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	58	90.6	27	87.1	31	93.9
Eased somewhat	6	9.4	4	12.9	2	6.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	64	100.0	31	100.0	33	100.0

g. Collateralization requirements

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	62	95.4	31	96.9	31	93.9
Eased somewhat	3	4.6	1	3.1	2	6.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	35	55.6	21	70.0	14	42.4
Eased somewhat	22	34.9	8	26.7	14	42.4
Eased considerably	6	9.5	1	3.3	5	15.2
Total	63	100.0	30	100.0	33	100.0

3. If your bank has tightened or eased its credit standards or its terms for C&I loans or credit lines over the past three months (as described in questions 1 and 2), how important have been the following possible reasons for the change?

A. Possible reasons for tightening credit standards or loan terms:

a. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected capital position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0

b. Less favorable or more uncertain economic outlook

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	66.7	2	100.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	1	33.3	0	0.0	1	100.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0

c. Worsening of industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	66.7	2	100.0	0	0.0
Somewhat important	1	33.3	0	0.0	1	100.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0

d. Less aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0

e. Reduced tolerance for risk

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	1	33.3	0	0.0	1	100.0
Somewhat important	1	33.3	1	50.0	0	0.0
Very important	1	33.3	1	50.0	0	0.0
Total	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0

f. Decreased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0

g. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0

h. Increased concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	66.7	1	50.0	1	100.0
Somewhat important	1	33.3	1	50.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	3	100.0	2	100.0	1	100.0

B. Possible reasons for easing credit standards or loan terms:

a. Improvement in your bank's current or expected capital position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	41	85.4	23	92.0	18	78.3
Somewhat important	5	10.4	2	8.0	3	13.0
Very important	2	4.2	0	0.0	2	8.7
Total	48	100.0	25	100.0	23	100.0

b. More favorable or less uncertain economic outlook

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	33	67.3	20	76.9	13	56.5
Somewhat important	14	28.6	5	19.2	9	39.1
Very important	2	4.1	1	3.8	1	4.3
Total	49	100.0	26	100.0	23	100.0

c. Improvement in industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	38	79.2	23	88.5	15	68.2
Somewhat important	9	18.8	3	11.5	6	27.3
Very important	1	2.1	0	0.0	1	4.5
Total	48	100.0	26	100.0	22	100.0

d. More aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	3	6.0	1	3.7	2	8.7
Somewhat important	19	38.0	8	29.6	11	47.8
Very important	28	56.0	18	66.7	10	43.5
Total	50	100.0	27	100.0	23	100.0

e. Increased tolerance for risk

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	34	73.9	20	83.3	14	63.6
Somewhat important	12	26.1	4	16.7	8	36.4
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	46	100.0	24	100.0	22	100.0

f. Increased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	37	80.4	19	79.2	18	81.8
Somewhat important	8	17.4	5	20.8	3	13.6
Very important	1	2.2	0	0.0	1	4.5
Total	46	100.0	24	100.0	22	100.0

g. Improvement in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	37	80.4	22	91.7	15	68.2
Somewhat important	7	15.2	2	8.3	5	22.7
Very important	2	4.3	0	0.0	2	9.1
Total	46	100.0	24	100.0	22	100.0

h. Reduced concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	41	87.2	23	92.0	18	81.8
Somewhat important	2	4.3	1	4.0	1	4.5
Very important	4	8.5	1	4.0	3	13.6
Total	47	100.0	25	100.0	22	100.0

4. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for C&I loans changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

A. Demand for C&I loans from large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	4	5.9	2	5.7	2	6.1
Moderately stronger	17	25.0	9	25.7	8	24.2
About the same	39	57.4	18	51.4	21	63.6
Moderately weaker	8	11.8	6	17.1	2	6.1
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

B. Demand for C&I loans from small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	1	1.5	0	0.0	1	3.0
Moderately stronger	16	24.6	8	25.0	8	24.2
About the same	41	63.1	20	62.5	21	63.6
Moderately weaker	7	10.8	4	12.5	3	9.1
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

5. If demand for C&I loans has strengthened or weakened over the past three months (as described in question 4), how important have been the following possible reasons for the change?

A. If stronger loan demand (answer 1 or 2 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	14	58.3	11	84.6	3	27.3
Somewhat important	8	33.3	2	15.4	6	54.5
Very important	2	8.3	0	0.0	2	18.2
Total	24	100.0	13	100.0	11	100.0

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	12	50.0	10	76.9	2	18.2
Somewhat important	10	41.7	3	23.1	7	63.6
Very important	2	8.3	0	0.0	2	18.2
Total	24	100.0	13	100.0	11	100.0

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	7	29.2	7	53.8	0	0.0
Somewhat important	17	70.8	6	46.2	11	100.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	24	100.0	13	100.0	11	100.0

d. Customer internally generated funds decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	21	91.3	12	92.3	9	90.0
Somewhat important	2	8.7	1	7.7	1	10.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	23	100.0	13	100.0	10	100.0

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	7	30.4	2	15.4	5	50.0
Somewhat important	11	47.8	7	53.8	4	40.0
Very important	5	21.7	4	30.8	1	10.0
Total	23	100.0	13	100.0	10	100.0

f. Customer borrowing shifted to your bank from other bank or nonbank sources because these other sources became less attractive

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	13	56.5	6	46.2	7	70.0
Somewhat important	9	39.1	6	46.2	3	30.0
Very important	1	4.3	1	7.7	0	0.0
Total	23	100.0	13	100.0	10	100.0

g. Customers' precautionary demand for cash and liquidity increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	19	82.6	11	84.6	8	80.0
Somewhat important	4	17.4	2	15.4	2	20.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	23	100.0	13	100.0	10	100.0

h. Customers transitioned from commercial real estate loans to C&I loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	23	100.0	13	100.0	10	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	23	100.0	13	100.0	10	100.0

B. If weaker loan demand (answer 4 or 5 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	4	40.0	3	50.0	1	25.0
Somewhat important	5	50.0	3	50.0	2	50.0
Very important	1	10.0	0	0.0	1	25.0
Total	10	100.0	6	100.0	4	100.0

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	6	54.5	4	57.1	2	50.0
Somewhat important	4	36.4	3	42.9	1	25.0
Very important	1	9.1	0	0.0	1	25.0
Total	11	100.0	7	100.0	4	100.0

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	2	18.2	2	28.6	0	0.0
Somewhat important	9	81.8	5	71.4	4	100.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	11	100.0	7	100.0	4	100.0

d. Customer internally generated funds increased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	7	63.6	6	85.7	1	25.0
Somewhat important	3	27.3	1	14.3	2	50.0
Very important	1	9.1	0	0.0	1	25.0
Total	11	100.0	7	100.0	4	100.0

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	5	45.5	2	28.6	3	75.0
Somewhat important	5	45.5	4	57.1	1	25.0
Very important	1	9.1	1	14.3	0	0.0
Total	11	100.0	7	100.0	4	100.0

f. Customer borrowing shifted from your bank to other bank or nonbank sources because these other sources became more attractive

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	8	72.7	7	100.0	1	25.0
Somewhat important	3	27.3	0	0.0	3	75.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	11	100.0	7	100.0	4	100.0

g. Customers’ precautionary demand for cash and liquidity decreased

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	9	81.8	7	100.0	2	50.0
Somewhat important	1	9.1	0	0.0	1	25.0
Very important	1	9.1	0	0.0	1	25.0
Total	11	100.0	7	100.0	4	100.0

h. Customers transitioned from C&I loans to commercial real estate loans

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Not important	10	100.0	6	100.0	4	100.0
Somewhat important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Very important	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	10	100.0	6	100.0	4	100.0

6. At your bank, apart from seasonal variation, how has the number of inquiries from potential business borrowers regarding the availability and terms of new credit lines or increases in existing lines changed over the past three months? (Please consider only inquiries for additional or increased C&I lines as opposed to the refinancing of existing loans.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
The number of inquiries has increased substantially	1	1.5	0	0.0	1	3.0
The number of inquiries has increased moderately	15	22.1	6	17.1	9	27.3
The number of inquiries has stayed about the same	44	64.7	22	62.9	22	66.7
The number of inquiries has decreased moderately	8	11.8	7	20.0	1	3.0
The number of inquiries has decreased substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

The ongoing fiscal and financial strains in Europe may have affected lending conditions and funding options for banks headquartered in Europe and their affiliates and subsidiaries. Question 7 addresses changes in your bank's lending policies toward these banking organizations over the past three months. Question 8 addresses changes in these organizations’ demand for funding from U.S. banks. Question 9 asks about changes in business at your bank as a result of increased or decreased competition from European banks and their affiliates and subsidiaries.
In answering these questions, please consider banks headquartered in Europe and affiliates and subsidiaries of European banks regardless of the location of those affiliates and subsidiaries.

7. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards and terms for approving applications for loans or credit lines to banks headquartered in Europe and their affiliates and subsidiaries (as described in the introduction to these special questions) changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	9.5	2	10.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	19	90.5	18	90.0	1	100.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	21	100.0	20	100.0	1	100.0

For this question, 47 respondents answered “My bank does not make loans or extend credit lines to banks headquartered in Europe or their affiliates or subsidiaries.”

8. Over the past three months and apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for loans at your bank from banks headquartered in Europe and their affiliates and subsidiaries (as described in the introduction to these special questions) changed? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	2	9.5	2	10.0	0	0.0
About the same	18	85.7	17	85.0	1	100.0
Moderately weaker	1	4.8	1	5.0	0	0.0
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	21	100.0	20	100.0	1	100.0

For this question, 46 respondents answered “My bank does not make loans or extend credit lines to banks headquartered in Europe or their affiliates or subsidiaries.”

9. Over the past three months, to what extent has your bank experienced an increase or decrease in business, with either foreign or domestic customers, as a result of increased or decreased competition from European banks and their affiliates and subsidiaries?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
My bank does not compete with European banks for our business	34	51.5	5	15.2	29	87.9
My bank has experienced an increase in competition from European banks	3	4.5	2	6.1	1	3.0
My bank has experienced a decrease in competition from European banks, but such decreased competition has not appreciably increased business	19	28.8	16	48.5	3	9.1
My bank has experienced a decrease in competition from European banks, and such decreased competition has increased business to some extent	10	15.2	10	30.3	0	0.0
My bank has experienced a decrease in competition from European banks, and such decreased competition has increased business to a considerable extent	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	66	100.0	33	100.0	33	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “Other (please specify).”

Questions 10-11 ask about commercial real estate (CRE) loans at your bank, including construction and land development loans and loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential real estate. Question 10 deals with changes in your bank's standards over the past three months. Question 11 deals with changes in demand. If your bank's lending standards or terms have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's standards or terms have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

10. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for CRE loans changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.0	0	0.0	2	6.1
Remained basically unchanged	54	80.6	28	82.4	26	78.8
Eased somewhat	11	16.4	6	17.6	5	15.2
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	67	100.0	34	100.0	33	100.0

11. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for CRE loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	1	1.5	1	2.9	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	28	41.8	12	35.3	16	48.5
About the same	36	53.7	19	55.9	17	51.5
Moderately weaker	2	3.0	2	5.9	0	0.0
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	67	100.0	34	100.0	33	100.0

Question 12 focuses on changes in your bank's policies on CRE loans over the past year. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past year, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accomodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past year, please report these changes regardless of how your bank's policies stand relative to longer-term norms.

12. Over the past year, how has your bank changed the following policies on CRE loans?

a. Maximum loan size

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	4.5	0	0.0	3	9.1
Remained basically unchanged	48	72.7	24	72.7	24	72.7
Eased somewhat	14	21.2	9	27.3	5	15.2
Eased considerably	1	1.5	0	0.0	1	3.0
Total	66	100.0	33	100.0	33	100.0

b. Maximum loan maturity

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.0	2	6.1	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	49	74.2	21	63.6	28	84.8
Eased somewhat	15	22.7	10	30.3	5	15.2
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	66	100.0	33	100.0	33	100.0

c. Spread of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened; narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	1	1.5	0	0.0	1	3.0
Tightened somewhat	3	4.5	2	6.1	1	3.0
Remained basically unchanged	26	39.4	12	36.4	14	42.4
Eased somewhat	34	51.5	18	54.5	16	48.5
Eased considerably	2	3.0	1	3.0	1	3.0
Total	66	100.0	33	100.0	33	100.0

d. Loan-to-value ratios

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.5	0	0.0	1	3.0
Remained basically unchanged	63	95.5	32	97.0	31	93.9
Eased somewhat	2	3.0	1	3.0	1	3.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	66	100.0	33	100.0	33	100.0

e. Requirements for take-out financing

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	63	95.5	31	93.9	32	97.0
Eased somewhat	3	4.5	2	6.1	1	3.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	66	100.0	33	100.0	33	100.0

f. Debt-service coverage ratios

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.0	1	3.0	1	3.0
Remained basically unchanged	62	93.9	31	93.9	31	93.9
Eased somewhat	2	3.0	1	3.0	1	3.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	66	100.0	33	100.0	33	100.0

Questions 13-14 ask about three categories of residential mortgage loans at your bank—prime residential mortgages, nontraditional residential mortgages, and subprime residential mortgages. Question 13 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards for loans in each of these categories over the past three months. Question 14 deals with changes in demand for loans in each of these categories over the same period. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if the standards are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.
For the purposes of this survey, please use the following definitions of these loan categories (note that the loan categories are not mutually exclusive) and include first-lien loans only:

The prime category of residential mortgages includes loans made to borrowers that typically had relatively strong, well-documented credit histories, relatively high credit scores, and relatively low debt-to-income ratios at the time of origination. This would include fully amortizing loans that have a fixed rate, a standard adjustable rate, or a common hybrid adjustable rate—those for which the interest rate is initially fixed for a multi-year period and subsequently adjusts more frequently.

The nontraditional category of residential mortgages includes, but is not limited to, adjustable-rate mortgages with multiple payment options, interest-only mortgages, and ``Alt-A'' products such as mortgages with limited income verification and mortgages secured by non-owner-occupied properties. (Please exclude standard adjustable-rate mortgages and common hybrid adjustable-rate mortgages.)

The subprime category of residential mortgages typically includes loans made to borrowers that displayed one or more of the following characteristics at the time of origination: weakened credit histories that include payment delinquencies, chargeoffs, judgments, and/or bankruptcies; reduced repayment capacity as measured by credit scores or debt-to-income ratios; or incomplete credit histories.

13. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications from individuals for mortgage loans to purchase homes changed?

A. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as prime residential mortgages have:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.5	1	3.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	60	92.3	29	87.9	31	96.9
Eased somewhat	3	4.6	2	6.1	1	3.1
Eased considerably	1	1.5	1	3.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	33	100.0	32	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate prime residential mortgages.”

B. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as nontraditional residential mortgages have:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.9	1	5.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	33	97.1	19	95.0	14	100.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	34	100.0	20	100.0	14	100.0

For this question, 32 respondents answered “My bank does not originate nontraditional residential mortgages.”

C. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages have:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	20.0	1	50.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	4	80.0	1	50.0	3	100.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	5	100.0	2	100.0	3	100.0

For this question, 61 respondents answered “My bank does not originate subprime residential mortgages.”

14. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for mortgages to purchase homes changed over the past three months? (Please consider only new originations as opposed to the refinancing of existing mortgages.)

A. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as prime residential mortgages was:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	3	4.6	0	0.0	3	9.4
Moderately stronger	19	29.2	11	33.3	8	25.0
About the same	40	61.5	20	60.6	20	62.5
Moderately weaker	3	4.6	2	6.1	1	3.1
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	33	100.0	32	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate prime residential mortgages.”

B. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as nontraditional residential mortgages was:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	5	14.3	3	15.0	2	13.3
About the same	25	71.4	14	70.0	11	73.3
Moderately weaker	5	14.3	3	15.0	2	13.3
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	35	100.0	20	100.0	15	100.0

For this question, 31 respondents answered “My bank does not originate nontraditional residential mortgages.”

C. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages was:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
About the same	5	100.0	2	100.0	3	100.0
Moderately weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	5	100.0	2	100.0	3	100.0

For this question, 61 respondents answered “My bank does not originate subprime residential mortgages.”

Questions 15-16 ask about revolving home equity lines of credit at your bank. Question 15 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards over the past three months. Question 16 deals with changes in demand. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

15. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for revolving home equity lines of credit changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	3	4.5	2	5.9	1	3.1
Remained basically unchanged	59	89.4	29	85.3	30	93.8
Eased somewhat	4	6.1	3	8.8	1	3.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	66	100.0	34	100.0	32	100.0

16. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for revolving home equity lines of credit changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	7	10.6	3	8.8	4	12.5
About the same	45	68.2	22	64.7	23	71.9
Moderately weaker	13	19.7	9	26.5	4	12.5
Substantially weaker	1	1.5	0	0.0	1	3.1
Total	66	100.0	34	100.0	32	100.0

Questions 17-26 ask about consumer lending at your bank. Question 17 deals with changes in your bank's willingness to make consumer loans over the past three months. Questions 18-23 deal with changes in credit standards and loan terms over the same period. Questions 24-26deal with changes in demand for consumer loans over the past three months. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

17. Please indicate your bank's willingness to make consumer installment loans now as opposed to three months ago.

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Much more willing	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Somewhat more willing	8	12.7	2	6.7	6	18.2
About unchanged	54	85.7	27	90.0	27	81.8
Somewhat less willing	1	1.6	1	3.3	0	0.0
Much less willing	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	63	100.0	30	100.0	33	100.0

18. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for credit cards from individuals or households changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.9	1	3.7	1	4.2
Remained basically unchanged	46	90.2	23	85.2	23	95.8
Eased somewhat	3	5.9	3	11.1	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	27	100.0	24	100.0

19. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for auto loans to individuals or households changed? (Please include loans arising from retail sales of passenger cars and other vehicles such as minivans, vans, sport-utility vehicles, pickup trucks, and similar light trucks for personal use, whether new or used. Please exclude loans to finance fleet sales, personal cash loans secured by automobiles already paid for, loans to finance the purchase of commercial vehicles and farm equipment, and lease financing.)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	52	83.9	25	83.3	27	84.4
Eased somewhat	10	16.1	5	16.7	5	15.6
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100.0	30	100.0	32	100.0

20. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans changed?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.1	2	6.3	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	60	92.3	29	90.6	31	93.9
Eased somewhat	3	4.6	1	3.1	2	6.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

21. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on new or existing credit card accounts for individuals or households?

a. Credit limits

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	3.8
Remained basically unchanged	45	88.2	22	88.0	23	88.5
Eased somewhat	5	9.8	3	12.0	2	7.7
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	25	100.0	26	100.0

b. Spreads of interest rates charged on outstanding balances over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	1	4.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	47	92.2	23	92.0	24	92.3
Eased somewhat	3	5.9	1	4.0	2	7.7
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	25	100.0	26	100.0

c. Minimum percent of outstanding balances required to be repaid each month

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	50	98.0	25	100.0	25	96.2
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	1	2.0	0	0.0	1	3.8
Total	51	100.0	25	100.0	26	100.0

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	2.0	1	4.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	48	94.1	22	88.0	26	100.0
Eased somewhat	2	3.9	2	8.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	25	100.0	26	100.0

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	2	3.9	1	4.0	1	3.8
Remained basically unchanged	47	92.2	22	88.0	25	96.2
Eased somewhat	2	3.9	2	8.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	51	100.0	25	100.0	26	100.0

22. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on loans to individuals or households to purchase autos?

a. Maximum maturity

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	53	86.9	24	82.8	29	90.6
Eased somewhat	8	13.1	5	17.2	3	9.4
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100.0	29	100.0	32	100.0

b. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	44	72.1	25	86.2	19	59.4
Eased somewhat	16	26.2	4	13.8	12	37.5
Eased considerably	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	3.1
Total	61	100.0	29	100.0	32	100.0

c. Minimum required down payment (higher=tightened, lower=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	57	93.4	27	93.1	30	93.8
Eased somewhat	4	6.6	2	6.9	2	6.3
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100.0	29	100.0	32	100.0

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.6	1	3.4	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	58	95.1	27	93.1	31	96.9
Eased somewhat	2	3.3	1	3.4	1	3.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100.0	29	100.0	32	100.0

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	58	95.1	28	96.6	30	93.8
Eased somewhat	3	4.9	1	3.4	2	6.3
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	61	100.0	29	100.0	32	100.0

23. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans?

a. Maximum maturity

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	62	100.0	30	100.0	32	100.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	62	100.0	30	100.0	32	100.0

b. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	3.1
Remained basically unchanged	53	84.1	30	96.8	23	71.9
Eased somewhat	9	14.3	1	3.2	8	25.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	63	100.0	31	100.0	32	100.0

c. Minimum required down payment (higher=tightened, lower=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	63	100.0	31	100.0	32	100.0
Eased somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	63	100.0	31	100.0	32	100.0

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	1	1.6	1	3.2	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	61	96.8	30	96.8	31	96.9
Eased somewhat	1	1.6	0	0.0	1	3.1
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	63	100.0	31	100.0	32	100.0

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Tightened considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Tightened somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Remained basically unchanged	62	98.4	30	96.8	32	100.0
Eased somewhat	1	1.6	1	3.2	0	0.0
Eased considerably	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	63	100.0	31	100.0	32	100.0

24. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for credit card loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	5	10.0	2	7.7	3	12.5
About the same	38	76.0	19	73.1	19	79.2
Moderately weaker	7	14.0	5	19.2	2	8.3
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	50	100.0	26	100.0	24	100.0

25. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for auto loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	1	1.7	1	3.4	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	17	28.3	11	37.9	6	19.4
About the same	39	65.0	16	55.2	23	74.2
Moderately weaker	3	5.0	1	3.4	2	6.5
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100.0	29	100.0	31	100.0

26. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans changed over the past three months?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Substantially stronger	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Moderately stronger	10	15.4	6	18.8	4	12.1
About the same	50	76.9	24	75.0	26	78.8
Moderately weaker	4	6.2	1	3.1	3	9.1
Substantially weaker	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

Questions 27-29 ask about your bank's expectations for the behavior of loan delinquencies and charge-offs in 2013. Question 27 asks about C&I loans to large and middle-market firms and to small firms. (Please refer to the definitions of large and middle-market firms and of small firms in question 1. If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested in question 1, please use your definitions and indicate what they are.) Question 28 asks about CRE loans, and question 29 asks about loans to households.

27. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, what is your outlook for delinquencies and chargeoffs on your bank's C&I loans to large and middle-market firms and to small firms in 2013?

A. Outlook for loan quality on C&I loans to large and middle-market firms:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	2	2.9	0	0.0	2	6.1
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	28	41.2	15	42.9	13	39.4
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	34	50.0	18	51.4	16	48.5
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	4	5.9	2	5.7	2	6.1
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	68	100.0	35	100.0	33	100.0

B. Outlook for loan quality on C&I loans to small firms:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	1	1.5	0	0.0	1	3.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	28	43.1	14	43.8	14	42.4
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	33	50.8	17	53.1	16	48.5
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	3	4.6	1	3.1	2	6.1
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

28. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, what is your outlook for delinquencies and chargeoffs on your bank's commercial real estate loans in 2013?

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	39	58.2	19	55.9	20	60.6
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	26	38.8	14	41.2	12	36.4
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	2	3.0	1	2.9	1	3.0
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	67	100.0	34	100.0	33	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

29. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, what is your outlook for delinquencies and chargeoffs on your bank's loans to households in 2013?

A. Outlook for loan quality on prime residential mortgage loans:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	1	1.6	1	3.1	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	30	46.9	18	56.3	12	37.5
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	32	50.0	12	37.5	20	62.5
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	1	1.6	1	3.1	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	64	100.0	32	100.0	32	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

B. Outlook for loan quality on nontraditional residential mortgage loans:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	1	3.3	1	5.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	14	46.7	10	50.0	4	40.0
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	15	50.0	9	45.0	6	60.0
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	30	100.0	20	100.0	10	100.0

For this question, 35 respondents answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

C. Outlook for loan quality on subprime residential mortgage loans:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	5	100.0	2	100.0	3	100.0
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	5	100.0	2	100.0	3	100.0

For this question, 59 respondents answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

D. Outlook for loan quality on revolving home equity lines of credit:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	1	1.5	1	3.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	20	30.8	11	33.3	9	28.1
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	42	64.6	19	57.6	23	71.9
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	2	3.1	2	6.1	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	33	100.0	32	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

E. Outlook for loan quality on credit card loans:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	10	21.7	5	20.0	5	23.8
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	32	69.6	18	72.0	14	66.7
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	4	8.7	2	8.0	2	9.5
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	46	100.0	25	100.0	21	100.0

For this question, 17 respondents answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

F. Outlook for loan quality on auto loans:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	13	21.7	4	13.8	9	29.0
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	42	70.0	22	75.9	20	64.5
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	5	8.3	3	10.3	2	6.5
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	60	100.0	29	100.0	31	100.0

For this question, 5 respondents answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

G. Outlook for loan quality on consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans:

	All Respondents		Large Banks		Other Banks
	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent	Banks	Percent
Loan quality is likely to improve substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Loan quality is likely to improve somewhat	13	20.0	6	18.8	7	21.2
Loan quality is likely to stabilize around current levels	49	75.4	25	78.1	24	72.7
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate somewhat	3	4.6	1	3.1	2	6.1
Loan quality is likely to deteriorate substantially	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Total	65	100.0	32	100.0	33	100.0

For this question, 1 respondent answered “My bank does not originate this type of loan.”

1. The sample is selected from among the largest banks in each Federal Reserve District. In the table, large banks are defined as those with total domestic assets of $20 billion or more as of September 30, 2012. The combined assets of the 35 large banks totaled $7.7 trillion, compared to $8.0 trillion for the entire panel of 68 banks, and $11.4 trillion for all domestically chartered, federally insured commercial banks.

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Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending PracticesJanuary 2013

Table 1

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices at Selected Large Banks in the United States 1

(Status of policy as of January 2013)

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
January 2013

Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices
at Selected Large Banks in the United States ¹