Finance and Economics Discussion Series: Data for paper 2011-06
♣
Are Household Surveys Like Tax Forms: Evidence from Income Underreporting of the Self-Employed
Erik Hurst, Geng Li, and Benjamin Pugsley
Figure 1: Relationship Between Total Family Money and Nondurable Expenditure, CE
| Faminc |
Worker |
Self-Employed |
Worker |
Self-Employed |
| 9.5 |
9.25237545 |
9.57647705 |
8.94581545 |
9.2545343 |
| 9.55 |
9.271871905 |
9.589948745 |
8.976497105 |
9.28025677 |
| 9.6 |
9.29136836 |
9.60342044 |
9.00717876 |
9.30597924 |
| 9.65 |
9.310864815 |
9.616892135 |
9.037860415 |
9.33170171 |
| 9.7 |
9.33036127 |
9.63036383 |
9.06854207 |
9.35742418 |
| 9.75 |
9.349857725 |
9.643835525 |
9.099223725 |
9.38314665 |
| 9.8 |
9.36935418 |
9.65730722 |
9.12990538 |
9.40886912 |
| 9.85 |
9.388850635 |
9.670778915 |
9.160587035 |
9.43459159 |
| 9.90000000000001 |
9.40834709 |
9.68425061 |
9.19126869 |
9.46031406 |
| 9.95000000000001 |
9.427843545 |
9.697722305 |
9.221950345 |
9.48603653 |
| 10 |
9.44734 |
9.711194 |
9.25263200000001 |
9.511759 |
| 10.05 |
9.466836455 |
9.724665695 |
9.283313655 |
9.53748147 |
| 10.1 |
9.48633291 |
9.73813739 |
9.31399531000001 |
9.56320394 |
| 10.15 |
9.505829365 |
9.751609085 |
9.344676965 |
9.58892641 |
| 10.2 |
9.52532582 |
9.76508078 |
9.37535862000001 |
9.61464888 |
| 10.25 |
9.544822275 |
9.778552475 |
9.40604027500001 |
9.64037135000001 |
| 10.3 |
9.56431873 |
9.79202417 |
9.43672193000001 |
9.66609382 |
| 10.35 |
9.583815185 |
9.805495865 |
9.46740358500001 |
9.69181629000001 |
| 10.4 |
9.60331164 |
9.81896756 |
9.49808524000001 |
9.71753876000001 |
| 10.45 |
9.622808095 |
9.832439255 |
9.52876689500001 |
9.74326123000001 |
| 10.5 |
9.64230455000001 |
9.84591095 |
9.55944855000001 |
9.76898370000001 |
| 10.55 |
9.661801005 |
9.859382645 |
9.59013020500001 |
9.79470617000001 |
| 10.6 |
9.68129746000001 |
9.87285434 |
9.62081186000001 |
9.82042864000001 |
| 10.65 |
9.70079391500001 |
9.886326035 |
9.65149351500001 |
9.84615111000001 |
| 10.7 |
9.72029037000001 |
9.89979773 |
9.68217517000001 |
9.87187358000001 |
| 10.75 |
9.73978682500001 |
9.913269425 |
9.71285682500001 |
9.89759605000001 |
| 10.8 |
9.75928328000001 |
9.92674112 |
9.74353848000001 |
9.92331852000001 |
| 10.85 |
9.77877973500001 |
9.940212815 |
9.77422013500001 |
9.94904099000001 |
| 10.9 |
9.79827619000001 |
9.95368451000001 |
9.80490179000001 |
9.97476346000001 |
| 10.95 |
9.81777264500001 |
9.96715620500001 |
9.83558344500001 |
10.00048593 |
| 11 |
9.83726910000001 |
9.98062790000001 |
9.86626510000001 |
10.0262084 |
| 11.05 |
9.85676555500001 |
9.99409959500001 |
9.89694675500001 |
10.05193087 |
| 11.1 |
9.87626201000001 |
10.00757129 |
9.92762841000001 |
10.07765334 |
| 11.15 |
9.89575846500001 |
10.021042985 |
9.95831006500002 |
10.10337581 |
| 11.2 |
9.91525492000001 |
10.03451468 |
9.98899172000002 |
10.12909828 |
| 11.25 |
9.93475137500001 |
10.047986375 |
10.019673375 |
10.15482075 |
| 11.3 |
9.95424783000001 |
10.06145807 |
10.05035503 |
10.18054322 |
| 11.35 |
9.97374428500001 |
10.074929765 |
10.081036685 |
10.20626569 |
| 11.4 |
9.99324074000001 |
10.08840146 |
10.11171834 |
10.23198816 |
| 11.45 |
10.012737195 |
10.101873155 |
10.142399995 |
10.25771063 |
| 11.5 |
10.03223365 |
10.11534485 |
10.17308165 |
10.2834331 |
| 11.55 |
10.051730105 |
10.128816545 |
10.203763305 |
10.30915557 |
| 11.6 |
10.07122656 |
10.14228824 |
10.23444496 |
10.33487804 |
| 11.65 |
10.090723015 |
10.155759935 |
10.265126615 |
10.36060051 |
| 11.7 |
10.11021947 |
10.16923163 |
10.29580827 |
10.38632298 |
| 11.75 |
10.129715925 |
10.182703325 |
10.326489925 |
10.41204545 |
| 11.8 |
10.14921238 |
10.19617502 |
10.35717158 |
10.43776792 |
| 11.85 |
10.168708835 |
10.209646715 |
10.387853235 |
10.46349039 |
| 11.9 |
10.18820529 |
10.22311841 |
10.41853489 |
10.48921286 |
| 11.95 |
10.207701745 |
10.236590105 |
10.449216545 |
10.51493533 |
| 12 |
10.2271982 |
10.2500618 |
10.4798982 |
10.5406578 |
| 12.05 |
10.246694655 |
10.263533495 |
10.510579855 |
10.56638027 |
| 12.1 |
10.26619111 |
10.27700519 |
10.54126151 |
10.59210274 |
Figure 2: Relationship Between Total Family Money and Food Expenditure, CE
| Faminc |
Worker |
Self-Employed |
Worker |
Self-Employed |
| 9.5 |
8.2954246 |
8.52853425 |
8.12015935 |
8.30816225 |
| 9.55 |
8.30918334 |
8.538991225 |
8.140343515 |
8.327004925 |
| 9.6 |
8.32294208 |
8.5494482 |
8.16052768 |
8.3458476 |
| 9.65 |
8.33670082 |
8.559905175 |
8.180711845 |
8.364690275 |
| 9.7 |
8.35045956 |
8.57036215 |
8.20089601 |
8.38353295 |
| 9.75 |
8.3642183 |
8.580819125 |
8.221080175 |
8.402375625 |
| 9.8 |
8.37797704 |
8.5912761 |
8.24126434 |
8.4212183 |
| 9.85 |
8.39173578 |
8.601733075 |
8.261448505 |
8.440060975 |
| 9.90000000000001 |
8.40549452 |
8.61219005 |
8.28163267 |
8.45890365 |
| 9.95000000000001 |
8.41925326 |
8.622647025 |
8.301816835 |
8.477746325 |
| 10 |
8.433012 |
8.633104 |
8.322001 |
8.496589 |
| 10.05 |
8.44677074 |
8.643560975 |
8.342185165 |
8.515431675 |
| 10.1 |
8.46052948 |
8.65401795 |
8.36236933 |
8.53427435 |
| 10.15 |
8.47428822 |
8.664474925 |
8.382553495 |
8.553117025 |
| 10.2 |
8.48804696 |
8.6749319 |
8.40273766 |
8.5719597 |
| 10.25 |
8.5018057 |
8.685388875 |
8.422921825 |
8.590802375 |
| 10.3 |
8.51556444 |
8.69584585 |
8.44310599 |
8.60964505 |
| 10.35 |
8.52932318 |
8.706302825 |
8.463290155 |
8.628487725 |
| 10.4 |
8.54308192 |
8.7167598 |
8.48347432000001 |
8.6473304 |
| 10.45 |
8.55684066 |
8.727216775 |
8.50365848500001 |
8.666173075 |
| 10.5 |
8.5705994 |
8.73767375 |
8.52384265000001 |
8.68501575000001 |
| 10.55 |
8.58435814 |
8.748130725 |
8.54402681500001 |
8.70385842500001 |
| 10.6 |
8.59811688 |
8.7585877 |
8.56421098000001 |
8.72270110000001 |
| 10.65 |
8.61187562 |
8.769044675 |
8.58439514500001 |
8.74154377500001 |
| 10.7 |
8.62563436 |
8.77950165 |
8.60457931000001 |
8.76038645000001 |
| 10.75 |
8.6393931 |
8.789958625 |
8.62476347500001 |
8.77922912500001 |
| 10.8 |
8.65315184 |
8.8004156 |
8.64494764000001 |
8.79807180000001 |
| 10.85 |
8.66691058000001 |
8.810872575 |
8.66513180500001 |
8.81691447500001 |
| 10.9 |
8.68066932000001 |
8.82132955000001 |
8.68531597000001 |
8.83575715000001 |
| 10.95 |
8.69442806000001 |
8.83178652500001 |
8.70550013500001 |
8.85459982500001 |
| 11 |
8.70818680000001 |
8.8422435 |
8.72568430000001 |
8.87344250000001 |
| 11.05 |
8.72194554000001 |
8.852700475 |
8.74586846500001 |
8.89228517500001 |
| 11.1 |
8.73570428000001 |
8.86315745 |
8.76605263000001 |
8.91112785000001 |
| 11.15 |
8.74946302000001 |
8.873614425 |
8.78623679500001 |
8.92997052500001 |
| 11.2 |
8.76322176000001 |
8.88407140000001 |
8.80642096000001 |
8.94881320000001 |
| 11.25 |
8.77698050000001 |
8.89452837500001 |
8.82660512500001 |
8.96765587500001 |
| 11.3 |
8.79073924000001 |
8.90498535000001 |
8.84678929000001 |
8.98649855000001 |
| 11.35 |
8.80449798000001 |
8.91544232500001 |
8.86697345500001 |
9.00534122500001 |
| 11.4 |
8.81825672000001 |
8.9258993 |
8.88715762000001 |
9.02418390000001 |
| 11.45 |
8.83201546000001 |
8.936356275 |
8.90734178500001 |
9.04302657500001 |
| 11.5 |
8.84577420000001 |
8.94681325000001 |
8.92752595000001 |
9.06186925000001 |
| 11.55 |
8.85953294000001 |
8.95727022500001 |
8.94771011500001 |
9.08071192500001 |
| 11.6 |
8.87329168000001 |
8.96772720000001 |
8.96789428000001 |
9.09955460000001 |
| 11.65 |
8.88705042000001 |
8.97818417500001 |
8.98807844500001 |
9.11839727500001 |
| 11.7 |
8.90080916000001 |
8.98864115000001 |
9.00826261000001 |
9.13723995000001 |
| 11.75 |
8.91456790000001 |
8.99909812500001 |
9.02844677500001 |
9.15608262500001 |
| 11.8 |
8.92832664000001 |
9.00955510000001 |
9.04863094000001 |
9.17492530000001 |
| 11.85 |
8.94208538000001 |
9.02001207500001 |
9.06881510500001 |
9.19376797500001 |
| 11.9 |
8.95584412000001 |
9.03046905000001 |
9.08899927000001 |
9.21261065000001 |
| 11.95 |
8.96960286000001 |
9.04092602500001 |
9.10918343500001 |
9.23145332500001 |
| 12 |
8.98336160000001 |
9.05138300000001 |
9.12936760000001 |
9.25029600000001 |
| 12.05 |
8.99712034000001 |
9.06183997500001 |
9.14955176500001 |
9.26913867500001 |
| 12.1 |
9.01087908000001 |
9.07229695000001 |
9.16973593000002 |
9.28798135000001 |
Figure 3: Relationship Between Total Family Money and Food Expenditure, PSID
| Faminc |
Worker |
Self-Employed |
Worker |
Self-Employed |
| 9.48 |
8.2490856 |
8.4967152 |
8.253316 |
8.4042396 |
| 9.49 |
8.2523228 |
8.4991551 |
8.256503 |
8.4073348 |
| 9.5 |
8.25556 |
8.501595 |
8.25969 |
8.41043 |
| 9.51 |
8.2587972 |
8.5040349 |
8.262877 |
8.4135252 |
| 9.52 |
8.2620344 |
8.5064748 |
8.266064 |
8.4166204 |
| 9.53 |
8.2652716 |
8.5089147 |
8.269251 |
8.4197156 |
| 9.54 |
8.2685088 |
8.5113546 |
8.272438 |
8.4228108 |
| 9.55 |
8.271746 |
8.5137945 |
8.275625 |
8.425906 |
| 9.56 |
8.2749832 |
8.5162344 |
8.278812 |
8.4290012 |
| 9.57 |
8.2782204 |
8.5186743 |
8.281999 |
8.4320964 |
| 9.58 |
8.2814576 |
8.5211142 |
8.285186 |
8.4351916 |
| 9.59 |
8.2846948 |
8.5235541 |
8.288373 |
8.4382868 |
| 9.6 |
8.287932 |
8.525994 |
8.29156 |
8.441382 |
| 9.61 |
8.2911692 |
8.5284339 |
8.294747 |
8.4444772 |
| 9.62 |
8.2944064 |
8.5308738 |
8.297934 |
8.4475724 |
| 9.63 |
8.2976436 |
8.5333137 |
8.301121 |
8.4506676 |
| 9.64 |
8.3008808 |
8.5357536 |
8.304308 |
8.4537628 |
| 9.65 |
8.304118 |
8.5381935 |
8.307495 |
8.456858 |
| 9.66 |
8.3073552 |
8.5406334 |
8.310682 |
8.4599532 |
| 9.67 |
8.3105924 |
8.5430733 |
8.313869 |
8.4630484 |
| 9.68 |
8.3138296 |
8.5455132 |
8.317056 |
8.4661436 |
| 9.69 |
8.3170668 |
8.5479531 |
8.320243 |
8.4692388 |
| 9.7 |
8.320304 |
8.550393 |
8.32343 |
8.472334 |
| 9.71 |
8.3235412 |
8.5528329 |
8.326617 |
8.4754292 |
| 9.72 |
8.3267784 |
8.5552728 |
8.329804 |
8.4785244 |
| 9.73 |
8.3300156 |
8.5577127 |
8.332991 |
8.4816196 |
| 9.73999999999999 |
8.3332528 |
8.5601526 |
8.336178 |
8.4847148 |
| 9.74999999999999 |
8.33649 |
8.5625925 |
8.339365 |
8.48781 |
| 9.75999999999999 |
8.3397272 |
8.5650324 |
8.342552 |
8.4909052 |
| 9.76999999999999 |
8.3429644 |
8.5674723 |
8.345739 |
8.4940004 |
| 9.77999999999999 |
8.3462016 |
8.5699122 |
8.348926 |
8.4970956 |
| 9.78999999999999 |
8.3494388 |
8.5723521 |
8.352113 |
8.5001908 |
| 9.79999999999999 |
8.352676 |
8.574792 |
8.3553 |
8.503286 |
| 9.80999999999999 |
8.3559132 |
8.5772319 |
8.358487 |
8.5063812 |
| 9.81999999999999 |
8.3591504 |
8.5796718 |
8.361674 |
8.5094764 |
| 9.82999999999999 |
8.3623876 |
8.5821117 |
8.364861 |
8.5125716 |
| 9.83999999999999 |
8.3656248 |
8.5845516 |
8.368048 |
8.5156668 |
| 9.84999999999999 |
8.368862 |
8.5869915 |
8.371235 |
8.518762 |
| 9.85999999999999 |
8.3720992 |
8.5894314 |
8.374422 |
8.5218572 |
| 9.86999999999999 |
8.3753364 |
8.5918713 |
8.377609 |
8.5249524 |
| 9.87999999999999 |
8.3785736 |
8.5943112 |
8.380796 |
8.5280476 |
| 9.88999999999999 |
8.3818108 |
8.5967511 |
8.383983 |
8.5311428 |
| 9.89999999999999 |
8.385048 |
8.599191 |
8.38717 |
8.534238 |
| 9.90999999999999 |
8.3882852 |
8.6016309 |
8.390357 |
8.5373332 |
| 9.91999999999999 |
8.3915224 |
8.6040708 |
8.393544 |
8.5404284 |
| 9.92999999999999 |
8.3947596 |
8.6065107 |
8.396731 |
8.5435236 |
| 9.93999999999999 |
8.3979968 |
8.6089506 |
8.399918 |
8.5466188 |
| 9.94999999999999 |
8.401234 |
8.6113905 |
8.403105 |
8.549714 |
| 9.95999999999999 |
8.4044712 |
8.6138304 |
8.406292 |
8.5528092 |
| 9.96999999999999 |
8.4077084 |
8.6162703 |
8.409479 |
8.5559044 |
| 9.97999999999999 |
8.4109456 |
8.6187102 |
8.412666 |
8.5589996 |
| 9.98999999999999 |
8.4141828 |
8.6211501 |
8.415853 |
8.5620948 |
| 9.99999999999999 |
8.41742 |
8.62359 |
8.41904 |
8.56519 |
| 10.01 |
8.4206572 |
8.6260299 |
8.422227 |
8.5682852 |
| 10.02 |
8.4238944 |
8.6284698 |
8.425414 |
8.5713804 |
| 10.03 |
8.4271316 |
8.6309097 |
8.428601 |
8.5744756 |
| 10.04 |
8.4303688 |
8.6333496 |
8.431788 |
8.5775708 |
| 10.05 |
8.433606 |
8.6357895 |
8.434975 |
8.580666 |
| 10.06 |
8.4368432 |
8.6382294 |
8.438162 |
8.5837612 |
| 10.07 |
8.4400804 |
8.6406693 |
8.441349 |
8.5868564 |
| 10.08 |
8.4433176 |
8.6431092 |
8.444536 |
8.5899516 |
| 10.09 |
8.4465548 |
8.6455491 |
8.447723 |
8.5930468 |
| 10.1 |
8.449792 |
8.647989 |
8.45091 |
8.596142 |
| 10.11 |
8.4530292 |
8.6504289 |
8.454097 |
8.5992372 |
| 10.12 |
8.4562664 |
8.6528688 |
8.457284 |
8.6023324 |
| 10.13 |
8.4595036 |
8.6553087 |
8.460471 |
8.6054276 |
| 10.14 |
8.4627408 |
8.6577486 |
8.463658 |
8.6085228 |
| 10.15 |
8.465978 |
8.6601885 |
8.466845 |
8.611618 |
| 10.16 |
8.4692152 |
8.6626284 |
8.470032 |
8.6147132 |
| 10.17 |
8.4724524 |
8.6650683 |
8.473219 |
8.6178084 |
| 10.18 |
8.4756896 |
8.6675082 |
8.476406 |
8.6209036 |
| 10.19 |
8.4789268 |
8.6699481 |
8.479593 |
8.6239988 |
| 10.2 |
8.482164 |
8.672388 |
8.48278 |
8.627094 |
| 10.21 |
8.4854012 |
8.6748279 |
8.485967 |
8.6301892 |
| 10.22 |
8.4886384 |
8.6772678 |
8.489154 |
8.6332844 |
| 10.23 |
8.4918756 |
8.6797077 |
8.492341 |
8.6363796 |
| 10.24 |
8.4951128 |
8.6821476 |
8.495528 |
8.6394748 |
| 10.25 |
8.49835 |
8.6845875 |
8.498715 |
8.64257 |
| 10.26 |
8.5015872 |
8.6870274 |
8.501902 |
8.6456652 |
| 10.27 |
8.5048244 |
8.6894673 |
8.505089 |
8.6487604 |
| 10.28 |
8.5080616 |
8.6919072 |
8.508276 |
8.6518556 |
| 10.29 |
8.5112988 |
8.6943471 |
8.511463 |
8.6549508 |
| 10.3 |
8.514536 |
8.696787 |
8.51465 |
8.658046 |
| 10.31 |
8.5177732 |
8.6992269 |
8.517837 |
8.6611412 |
| 10.32 |
8.5210104 |
8.7016668 |
8.521024 |
8.6642364 |
| 10.33 |
8.5242476 |
8.7041067 |
8.524211 |
8.6673316 |
| 10.34 |
8.5274848 |
8.7065466 |
8.527398 |
8.6704268 |
| 10.35 |
8.530722 |
8.7089865 |
8.530585 |
8.673522 |
| 10.36 |
8.5339592 |
8.7114264 |
8.533772 |
8.6766172 |
| 10.37 |
8.5371964 |
8.7138663 |
8.536959 |
8.6797124 |
| 10.38 |
8.5404336 |
8.7163062 |
8.540146 |
8.6828076 |
| 10.39 |
8.5436708 |
8.7187461 |
8.543333 |
8.6859028 |
| 10.4 |
8.546908 |
8.721186 |
8.54652 |
8.688998 |
| 10.41 |
8.5501452 |
8.7236259 |
8.549707 |
8.6920932 |
| 10.42 |
8.5533824 |
8.7260658 |
8.552894 |
8.6951884 |
| 10.43 |
8.5566196 |
8.7285057 |
8.556081 |
8.6982836 |
| 10.44 |
8.5598568 |
8.7309456 |
8.559268 |
8.7013788 |
| 10.45 |
8.563094 |
8.7333855 |
8.562455 |
8.704474 |
| 10.46 |
8.5663312 |
8.7358254 |
8.565642 |
8.7075692 |
| 10.47 |
8.5695684 |
8.7382653 |
8.568829 |
8.7106644 |
| 10.48 |
8.5728056 |
8.7407052 |
8.572016 |
8.7137596 |
| 10.49 |
8.5760428 |
8.7431451 |
8.575203 |
8.7168548 |
| 10.5 |
8.57928 |
8.745585 |
8.57839 |
8.71995 |
| 10.51 |
8.5825172 |
8.7480249 |
8.581577 |
8.7230452 |
| 10.52 |
8.5857544 |
8.7504648 |
8.584764 |
8.7261404 |
| 10.53 |
8.5889916 |
8.7529047 |
8.587951 |
8.7292356 |
| 10.54 |
8.5922288 |
8.7553446 |
8.591138 |
8.7323308 |
| 10.55 |
8.595466 |
8.7577845 |
8.594325 |
8.735426 |
| 10.56 |
8.5987032 |
8.7602244 |
8.597512 |
8.7385212 |
| 10.57 |
8.6019404 |
8.7626643 |
8.600699 |
8.7416164 |
| 10.58 |
8.6051776 |
8.7651042 |
8.603886 |
8.7447116 |
| 10.59 |
8.6084148 |
8.7675441 |
8.607073 |
8.7478068 |
| 10.6 |
8.611652 |
8.769984 |
8.61026 |
8.750902 |
| 10.61 |
8.6148892 |
8.7724239 |
8.613447 |
8.7539972 |
| 10.62 |
8.6181264 |
8.7748638 |
8.616634 |
8.7570924 |
| 10.63 |
8.6213636 |
8.7773037 |
8.619821 |
8.7601876 |
| 10.64 |
8.6246008 |
8.7797436 |
8.623008 |
8.7632828 |
| 10.65 |
8.627838 |
8.7821835 |
8.626195 |
8.766378 |
| 10.66 |
8.6310752 |
8.7846234 |
8.629382 |
8.7694732 |
| 10.67 |
8.6343124 |
8.7870633 |
8.632569 |
8.7725684 |
| 10.68 |
8.6375496 |
8.7895032 |
8.635756 |
8.7756636 |
| 10.69 |
8.6407868 |
8.7919431 |
8.638943 |
8.7787588 |
| 10.7 |
8.644024 |
8.794383 |
8.64213 |
8.781854 |
| 10.71 |
8.6472612 |
8.7968229 |
8.645317 |
8.7849492 |
| 10.72 |
8.6504984 |
8.7992628 |
8.648504 |
8.7880444 |
| 10.73 |
8.6537356 |
8.8017027 |
8.651691 |
8.7911396 |
| 10.74 |
8.6569728 |
8.8041426 |
8.654878 |
8.7942348 |
| 10.75 |
8.66021 |
8.8065825 |
8.658065 |
8.79733 |
| 10.76 |
8.6634472 |
8.8090224 |
8.661252 |
8.8004252 |
| 10.77 |
8.6666844 |
8.8114623 |
8.664439 |
8.8035204 |
| 10.78 |
8.6699216 |
8.8139022 |
8.667626 |
8.8066156 |
| 10.79 |
8.6731588 |
8.8163421 |
8.670813 |
8.8097108 |
| 10.8 |
8.676396 |
8.818782 |
8.674 |
8.812806 |
| 10.81 |
8.6796332 |
8.8212219 |
8.677187 |
8.8159012 |
| 10.82 |
8.6828704 |
8.8236618 |
8.680374 |
8.8189964 |
| 10.83 |
8.6861076 |
8.8261017 |
8.683561 |
8.8220916 |
| 10.84 |
8.6893448 |
8.8285416 |
8.686748 |
8.8251868 |
| 10.85 |
8.692582 |
8.8309815 |
8.689935 |
8.828282 |
| 10.86 |
8.6958192 |
8.8334214 |
8.693122 |
8.8313772 |
| 10.87 |
8.6990564 |
8.8358613 |
8.696309 |
8.8344724 |
| 10.88 |
8.7022936 |
8.8383012 |
8.699496 |
8.8375676 |
| 10.89 |
8.7055308 |
8.8407411 |
8.702683 |
8.8406628 |
| 10.9 |
8.708768 |
8.843181 |
8.70587 |
8.843758 |
| 10.91 |
8.7120052 |
8.8456209 |
8.709057 |
8.8468532 |
| 10.92 |
8.7152424 |
8.8480608 |
8.712244 |
8.8499484 |
| 10.93 |
8.7184796 |
8.8505007 |
8.715431 |
8.8530436 |
| 10.94 |
8.7217168 |
8.8529406 |
8.718618 |
8.8561388 |
| 10.95 |
8.724954 |
8.8553805 |
8.721805 |
8.859234 |
| 10.96 |
8.7281912 |
8.8578204 |
8.724992 |
8.8623292 |
| 10.97 |
8.7314284 |
8.8602603 |
8.728179 |
8.8654244 |
| 10.98 |
8.7346656 |
8.8627002 |
8.731366 |
8.8685196 |
| 10.99 |
8.7379028 |
8.8651401 |
8.734553 |
8.8716148 |
| 11 |
8.74114 |
8.86758 |
8.73774 |
8.87471 |
| 11.01 |
8.7443772 |
8.8700199 |
8.740927 |
8.8778052 |
| 11.02 |
8.7476144 |
8.8724598 |
8.744114 |
8.8809004 |
| 11.03 |
8.7508516 |
8.8748997 |
8.747301 |
8.8839956 |
| 11.04 |
8.7540888 |
8.8773396 |
8.750488 |
8.8870908 |
| 11.05 |
8.757326 |
8.8797795 |
8.753675 |
8.890186 |
| 11.06 |
8.7605632 |
8.8822194 |
8.756862 |
8.8932812 |
| 11.07 |
8.7638004 |
8.8846593 |
8.760049 |
8.8963764 |
| 11.08 |
8.7670376 |
8.8870992 |
8.763236 |
8.8994716 |
| 11.09 |
8.7702748 |
8.8895391 |
8.766423 |
8.9025668 |
| 11.1 |
8.773512 |
8.891979 |
8.76961 |
8.905662 |
| 11.11 |
8.7767492 |
8.8944189 |
8.772797 |
8.9087572 |
| 11.12 |
8.7799864 |
8.8968588 |
8.775984 |
8.9118524 |
| 11.13 |
8.7832236 |
8.8992987 |
8.779171 |
8.9149476 |
| 11.14 |
8.7864608 |
8.9017386 |
8.782358 |
8.9180428 |
| 11.15 |
8.789698 |
8.9041785 |
8.785545 |
8.921138 |
| 11.16 |
8.7929352 |
8.9066184 |
8.788732 |
8.9242332 |
| 11.17 |
8.7961724 |
8.9090583 |
8.791919 |
8.9273284 |
| 11.18 |
8.7994096 |
8.9114982 |
8.795106 |
8.9304236 |
| 11.19 |
8.8026468 |
8.9139381 |
8.798293 |
8.9335188 |
| 11.2 |
8.805884 |
8.916378 |
8.80148 |
8.936614 |
| 11.21 |
8.8091212 |
8.9188179 |
8.804667 |
8.9397092 |
| 11.22 |
8.8123584 |
8.9212578 |
8.807854 |
8.9428044 |
| 11.23 |
8.8155956 |
8.9236977 |
8.811041 |
8.9458996 |
| 11.24 |
8.8188328 |
8.9261376 |
8.814228 |
8.9489948 |
| 11.25 |
8.82207 |
8.9285775 |
8.817415 |
8.95209 |
| 11.26 |
8.8253072 |
8.9310174 |
8.820602 |
8.9551852 |
| 11.27 |
8.8285444 |
8.9334573 |
8.823789 |
8.9582804 |
| 11.28 |
8.8317816 |
8.9358972 |
8.826976 |
8.9613756 |
| 11.29 |
8.8350188 |
8.9383371 |
8.830163 |
8.9644708 |
| 11.3 |
8.838256 |
8.940777 |
8.83335 |
8.967566 |
| 11.31 |
8.8414932 |
8.9432169 |
8.836537 |
8.9706612 |
| 11.32 |
8.8447304 |
8.9456568 |
8.839724 |
8.9737564 |
| 11.33 |
8.8479676 |
8.9480967 |
8.842911 |
8.9768516 |
| 11.34 |
8.8512048 |
8.9505366 |
8.846098 |
8.9799468 |
| 11.35 |
8.854442 |
8.9529765 |
8.849285 |
8.983042 |
| 11.36 |
8.8576792 |
8.9554164 |
8.852472 |
8.9861372 |
| 11.37 |
8.8609164 |
8.9578563 |
8.855659 |
8.9892324 |
| 11.38 |
8.8641536 |
8.9602962 |
8.858846 |
8.9923276 |
| 11.39 |
8.8673908 |
8.9627361 |
8.862033 |
8.9954228 |
| 11.4 |
8.870628 |
8.965176 |
8.86522 |
8.998518 |
| 11.41 |
8.8738652 |
8.9676159 |
8.868407 |
9.0016132 |
| 11.42 |
8.8771024 |
8.9700558 |
8.871594 |
9.0047084 |
| 11.43 |
8.8803396 |
8.9724957 |
8.874781 |
9.0078036 |
| 11.44 |
8.8835768 |
8.9749356 |
8.877968 |
9.0108988 |
| 11.45 |
8.886814 |
8.9773755 |
8.881155 |
9.013994 |
| 11.46 |
8.8900512 |
8.9798154 |
8.884342 |
9.0170892 |
| 11.47 |
8.8932884 |
8.9822553 |
8.887529 |
9.0201844 |
| 11.48 |
8.8965256 |
8.9846952 |
8.890716 |
9.0232796 |
| 11.49 |
8.8997628 |
8.9871351 |
8.893903 |
9.0263748 |
| 11.5 |
8.903 |
8.989575 |
8.89709 |
9.02947 |
| 11.51 |
8.9062372 |
8.9920149 |
8.900277 |
9.0325652 |
| 11.52 |
8.9094744 |
8.9944548 |
8.903464 |
9.0356604 |
| 11.53 |
8.9127116 |
8.9968947 |
8.906651 |
9.0387556 |
| 11.54 |
8.9159488 |
8.9993346 |
8.909838 |
9.0418508 |
| 11.55 |
8.919186 |
9.0017745 |
8.913025 |
9.044946 |
| 11.56 |
8.9224232 |
9.0042144 |
8.916212 |
9.0480412 |
| 11.57 |
8.9256604 |
9.0066543 |
8.919399 |
9.0511364 |
| 11.58 |
8.9288976 |
9.0090942 |
8.922586 |
9.0542316 |
| 11.59 |
8.9321348 |
9.0115341 |
8.925773 |
9.0573268 |
| 11.5999999999999 |
8.93537199999997 |
9.01397399999998 |
8.92895999999997 |
9.06042199999997 |
| 11.6099999999999 |
8.93860919999997 |
9.01641389999998 |
8.93214699999997 |
9.06351719999997 |
| 11.62 |
8.9418464 |
9.0188538 |
8.935334 |
9.0666124 |
| 11.63 |
8.9450836 |
9.0212937 |
8.938521 |
9.0697076 |
| 11.64 |
8.9483208 |
9.0237336 |
8.941708 |
9.0728028 |
| 11.65 |
8.951558 |
9.0261735 |
8.944895 |
9.075898 |
| 11.66 |
8.9547952 |
9.0286134 |
8.948082 |
9.0789932 |
| 11.67 |
8.9580324 |
9.0310533 |
8.951269 |
9.0820884 |
| 11.6799999999999 |
8.96126959999997 |
9.03349319999998 |
8.95445599999997 |
9.08518359999997 |
| 11.6899999999999 |
8.96450679999997 |
9.03593309999998 |
8.95764299999997 |
9.08827879999997 |
| 11.6999999999999 |
8.96774399999997 |
9.03837299999998 |
8.96082999999997 |
9.09137399999997 |
| 11.71 |
8.9709812 |
9.0408129 |
8.964017 |
9.0944692 |
| 11.72 |
8.9742184 |
9.0432528 |
8.967204 |
9.0975644 |
| 11.73 |
8.9774556 |
9.0456927 |
8.970391 |
9.1006596 |
| 11.74 |
8.9806928 |
9.0481326 |
8.973578 |
9.1037548 |
| 11.75 |
8.98393 |
9.0505725 |
8.976765 |
9.10685 |
| 11.76 |
8.9871672 |
9.0530124 |
8.979952 |
9.1099452 |
| 11.7699999999999 |
8.99040439999997 |
9.05545229999998 |
8.98313899999997 |
9.11304039999997 |
| 11.78 |
8.9936416 |
9.0578922 |
8.986326 |
9.1161356 |
| 11.7899999999999 |
8.99687879999997 |
9.06033209999998 |
8.98951299999997 |
9.11923079999997 |
| 11.8 |
9.000116 |
9.062772 |
8.9927 |
9.122326 |
| 11.81 |
9.0033532 |
9.0652119 |
8.995887 |
9.1254212 |
| 11.82 |
9.0065904 |
9.0676518 |
8.999074 |
9.1285164 |
| 11.83 |
9.0098276 |
9.0700917 |
9.002261 |
9.1316116 |
| 11.84 |
9.0130648 |
9.0725316 |
9.005448 |
9.1347068 |
| 11.8499999999999 |
9.01630199999997 |
9.07497149999998 |
9.00863499999997 |
9.13780199999997 |
| 11.8599999999999 |
9.01953919999997 |
9.07741139999998 |
9.01182199999997 |
9.14089719999997 |
| 11.87 |
9.0227764 |
9.0798513 |
9.015009 |
9.1439924 |
| 11.88 |
9.0260136 |
9.0822912 |
9.018196 |
9.1470876 |
| 11.89 |
9.0292508 |
9.0847311 |
9.021383 |
9.1501828 |
| 11.9 |
9.032488 |
9.087171 |
9.02457 |
9.153278 |
| 11.91 |
9.0357252 |
9.0896109 |
9.027757 |
9.1563732 |
| 11.92 |
9.0389624 |
9.0920508 |
9.030944 |
9.1594684 |
| 11.9299999999999 |
9.04219959999997 |
9.09449069999998 |
9.03413099999997 |
9.16256359999997 |
| 11.9399999999999 |
9.04543679999997 |
9.09693059999998 |
9.03731799999997 |
9.16565879999997 |
| 11.9499999999999 |
9.04867399999997 |
9.09937049999998 |
9.04050499999997 |
9.16875399999997 |
| 11.96 |
9.0519112 |
9.1018104 |
9.043692 |
9.1718492 |
| 11.97 |
9.0551484 |
9.1042503 |
9.046879 |
9.1749444 |
| 11.98 |
9.0583856 |
9.1066902 |
9.050066 |
9.1780396 |
| 11.99 |
9.0616228 |
9.1091301 |
9.053253 |
9.1811348 |
| 12 |
9.06486 |
9.11157 |
9.05644 |
9.18423 |
| 12.01 |
9.0680972 |
9.1140099 |
9.059627 |
9.1873252 |
| 12.0199999999999 |
9.07133439999997 |
9.11644979999998 |
9.06281399999997 |
9.19042039999997 |
| 12.03 |
9.0745716 |
9.1188897 |
9.066001 |
9.1935156 |
| 12.0399999999999 |
9.07780879999997 |
9.12132959999998 |
9.06918799999997 |
9.19661079999997 |
| 12.05 |
9.081046 |
9.1237695 |
9.072375 |
9.199706 |
| 12.06 |
9.0842832 |
9.1262094 |
9.075562 |
9.2028012 |
| 12.0699999999999 |
9.08752039999997 |
9.12864929999998 |
9.07874899999997 |
9.20589639999997 |
| 12.0799999999999 |
9.09075759999997 |
9.13108919999998 |
9.08193599999997 |
9.20899159999997 |
| 12.0899999999999 |
9.09399479999997 |
9.13352909999998 |
9.08512299999997 |
9.21208679999997 |
| 12.0999999999999 |
9.09723199999997 |
9.13596899999998 |
9.08830999999997 |
9.21518199999997 |
| 12.1099999999999 |
9.10046919999997 |
9.13840889999998 |
9.09149699999997 |
9.21827719999997 |
| 12.1199999999999 |
9.10370639999997 |
9.14084879999998 |
9.09468399999997 |
9.22137239999997 |
| 12.1299999999999 |
9.10694359999997 |
9.14328869999998 |
9.09787099999997 |
9.22446759999997 |
| 12.1399999999999 |
9.11018079999997 |
9.14572859999998 |
9.10105799999997 |
9.22756279999997 |
| 12.1499999999999 |
9.11341799999997 |
9.14816849999998 |
9.10424499999997 |
9.23065799999997 |
| 12.1599999999999 |
9.11665519999997 |
9.15060839999998 |
9.10743199999997 |
9.23375319999997 |
| 12.1699999999999 |
9.11989239999997 |
9.15304829999998 |
9.11061899999997 |
9.23684839999997 |
| 12.1799999999999 |
9.12312959999997 |
9.15548819999998 |
9.11380599999997 |
9.23994359999997 |
| 12.1899999999999 |
9.12636679999997 |
9.15792809999998 |
9.11699299999997 |
9.24303879999997 |
| 12.1999999999999 |
9.12960399999997 |
9.16036799999998 |
9.12017999999997 |
9.24613399999997 |
| 12.2099999999999 |
9.13284119999997 |
9.16280789999998 |
9.12336699999997 |
9.24922919999997 |
| 12.2199999999999 |
9.13607839999997 |
9.16524779999998 |
9.12655399999997 |
9.25232439999997 |
| 12.2299999999999 |
9.13931559999997 |
9.16768769999998 |
9.12974099999997 |
9.25541959999997 |
| 12.2399999999999 |
9.14255279999997 |
9.17012759999998 |
9.13292799999997 |
9.25851479999997 |
| 12.2499999999999 |
9.14578999999997 |
9.17256749999998 |
9.13611499999997 |
9.26160999999997 |
| 12.2599999999999 |
9.14902719999997 |
9.17500739999998 |
9.13930199999997 |
9.26470519999997 |
| 12.2699999999999 |
9.15226439999997 |
9.17744729999998 |
9.14248899999997 |
9.26780039999997 |
| 12.2799999999999 |
9.15550159999997 |
9.17988719999998 |
9.14567599999997 |
9.27089559999997 |
| 12.2899999999999 |
9.15873879999997 |
9.18232709999998 |
9.14886299999997 |
9.27399079999997 |
| 12.2999999999999 |
9.16197599999997 |
9.18476699999998 |
9.15204999999997 |
9.27708599999997 |
| 12.3099999999999 |
9.16521319999997 |
9.18720689999998 |
9.15523699999997 |
9.28018119999997 |
| 12.3199999999999 |
9.16845039999997 |
9.18964679999998 |
9.15842399999997 |
9.28327639999997 |
| 12.3299999999999 |
9.17168759999997 |
9.19208669999998 |
9.16161099999997 |
9.28637159999997 |
| 12.3399999999999 |
9.17492479999997 |
9.19452659999998 |
9.16479799999997 |
9.28946679999997 |
| 12.3499999999999 |
9.17816199999997 |
9.19696649999998 |
9.16798499999997 |
9.29256199999997 |
| 12.3599999999999 |
9.18139919999997 |
9.19940639999998 |
9.17117199999997 |
9.29565719999997 |
| 12.3699999999999 |
9.18463639999997 |
9.20184629999998 |
9.17435899999997 |
9.29875239999997 |
| 12.3799999999999 |
9.18787359999997 |
9.20428619999998 |
9.17754599999997 |
9.30184759999997 |
| 12.3899999999999 |
9.19111079999997 |
9.20672609999998 |
9.18073299999997 |
9.30494279999997 |
| 12.3999999999999 |
9.19434799999997 |
9.20916599999998 |
9.18391999999997 |
9.30803799999997 |
| 12.4099999999999 |
9.19758519999997 |
9.21160589999998 |
9.18710699999997 |
9.31113319999997 |
| 12.4199999999999 |
9.20082239999997 |
9.21404579999998 |
9.19029399999997 |
9.31422839999997 |
| 12.4299999999999 |
9.20405959999997 |
9.21648569999998 |
9.19348099999997 |
9.31732359999997 |
| 12.4399999999999 |
9.20729679999997 |
9.21892559999998 |
9.19666799999997 |
9.32041879999997 |
| 12.4499999999999 |
9.21053399999997 |
9.22136549999998 |
9.19985499999997 |
9.32351399999997 |
| 12.4599999999999 |
9.21377119999997 |
9.22380539999997 |
9.20304199999997 |
9.32660919999997 |
| 12.4699999999999 |
9.21700839999997 |
9.22624529999998 |
9.20622899999997 |
9.32970439999997 |
| 12.4799999999999 |
9.22024559999997 |
9.22868519999998 |
9.20941599999997 |
9.33279959999997 |
| 12.4899999999999 |
9.22348279999997 |
9.23112509999998 |
9.21260299999997 |
9.33589479999997 |
| 12.4999999999999 |
9.22671999999997 |
9.23356499999998 |
9.21578999999997 |
9.33898999999997 |
Figure 4: Estimates of the Underreporting of Income By Self-Employed Over Time, CEX
|
|
|
|
| 1980 |
0.30474229 |
0.173537307533632 |
0.435947272466368 |
| 1981 |
0.16966438 |
0.0459779747324849 |
0.293350785267515 |
| 1982 |
0.39754668 |
0.144882989533799 |
0.650210370466201 |
| 1983 |
0.42006157 |
0.20631757145969 |
0.63380556854031 |
| 1984 |
0.3343694 |
0.227278400639643 |
0.441460399360357 |
| 1985 |
0.40343567 |
0.243113899949891 |
0.563757440050109 |
| 1986 |
0.34040723 |
0.221482059644856 |
0.459332400355144 |
| 1987 |
0.29991981 |
0.153172867817207 |
0.446666752182793 |
| 1988 |
0.18892475 |
0.0475827912191765 |
0.330266708780823 |
| 1989 |
0.25156258 |
0.143664802525207 |
0.359460357474793 |
| 1990 |
0.25541842 |
0.0867511099722415 |
0.424085730027758 |
| 1991 |
0.14978417 |
0.000733547565875292 |
0.298834792434125 |
| 1992 |
0.11947881 |
-0.00414794723321386 |
0.243105567233214 |
| 1993 |
0.27888482 |
0.16812973076253 |
0.38963990923747 |
| 1994 |
0.40288241 |
0.296943186140279 |
0.508821633859721 |
| 1995 |
0.13239414 |
-0.0135012350055155 |
0.278289515005515 |
| 1996 |
0.18075648 |
0.0682656271096427 |
0.293247332890357 |
| 1997 |
0.07071639 |
-0.0605332359194669 |
0.201966015919467 |
| 1998 |
0.24308141 |
0.106658369951774 |
0.379504450048226 |
| 1999 |
0.27643873 |
0.181743342657215 |
0.371134117342785 |
| 2000 |
0.23539572 |
0.0969503322978451 |
0.373841107702155 |
| 2001 |
0.19874471 |
0.0820986893734908 |
0.315390730626509 |
| 2002 |
0.20256088 |
0.0815034669101772 |
0.323618293089823 |
| 2003 |
0.29408672 |
0.174186132978918 |
0.413987307021082 |