FEDERAL RESERVE STATISTICAL RELEASE                                 
 
 G.17 (419)                                                          For release at 9:15 a.m. (EDT)
                                                                     October 18, 2021

 Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization

 
      Industrial production fell 1.3 percent in September after moving down 0.1 percent in August; output
 was previously reported to have risen 0.4 percent in August.  In September, manufacturing output decreased
 0.7 percent:  The production of motor vehicles and parts fell 7.2 percent, as shortages of semiconductors
 continued to hobble operations, while factory output elsewhere declined 0.3 percent.  The output of
 utilities dropped 3.6 percent, as demand for cooling subsided after a warmer-than-usual August.  Mining
 production fell 2.3 percent.
 
      The lingering effects of Hurricane Ida more than accounted for the drop in mining in September;
 they also contributed 0.3 percentage point to the drop in manufacturing.  Overall, about 0.6 percentage
 point of the drop in total industrial production resulted from the impact of the hurricane.
 
      Despite the decrease in September, total industrial production rose 4.3 percent at an annual rate
 for the third quarter as a whole, its fifth consecutive quarter with a gain of at least 4 percent.
 
      At 100.0 percent of its 2017 average, total industrial production in September was 4.6 percent
 above its year-earlier level.  Capacity utilization for the industrial sector fell 1.0 percentage point in
 September to 75.2 percent, a rate that is 4.4 percentage points below its long-run (1972-2020) average.
 
 Market Groups
 -------------
 
      Much of the weakness in production in September resulted from large decreases for consumer goods
 and materials.  Business equipment, defense and space equipment, and construction supplies recorded small
 gains, and business supplies recorded a small loss.  The index for consumer goods fell 1.9 percent, with
 large declines in durables, particularly automotive products, and in consumer energy products.  Likewise,
 the index for materials dropped 1.7 percent; both chemical materials and energy materials posted decreases
 of more than 3 percent as a result of the prolonged hurricane-related outages for industries concentrated
 near the Gulf of Mexico.
 
 Industry Groups
 ---------------
 
      Manufacturing output fell 0.7 percent in September; even so, the index rose 5.3 percent at an
 annual rate in the third quarter.  Production of durable goods decreased 0.5 percent in September, with a
 drop of 7.2 percent for motor vehicles and parts.  Outside of motor vehicles and parts, the production of
 durables moved up 0.5 percent, as gains of 1 percent or more were posted by primary metals; electrical
 equipment, appliances, and components; aerospace and miscellaneous transportation equipment; furniture and
 related products; and miscellaneous manufacturing.  The output of nondurable goods fell 1.0 percent.  The
 largest increases were recorded by printing and support and by textile and product mills, while the
 largest decreases were recorded by chemicals and by petroleum and coal products.  The output of other
 manufacturing (publishing and logging) declined 0.2 percent.
 
      Capacity utilization for manufacturing decreased 0.6 percentage point in September to 75.9 percent.
 The operating rate for mining fell 1.6 percentage points to 73.9 percent, while the operating rate for
 utilities dropped 2.8 percentage points to 73.0 percent.  The rates for all three sectors remained below
 their long-run averages.


 Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization:  Summary
 Seasonally adjusted
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  |                             2017=100                              |                                   Percent change
                                  | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  |      2021                                                         |      2021                                                         |   Sept. '20 to 
 Industrial production            |   Apr.[r]     May[r]    June[r]    July[r]    Aug.[r]   Sept.[p]  |   Apr.[r]     May[r]    June[r]    July[r]    Aug.[r]   Sept.[p]  |     Sept. '21 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  |                                                                   |                                                                   |
  Total index                     |      99.2       99.9      100.4      101.4      101.3      100.0  |        .1         .7         .5        1.0        -.1       -1.3  |            4.6 
     Previous estimates           |      99.2       99.9      100.3      101.2      101.6             |        .1         .6         .5         .8         .4             |                
                                  |                                                                   |                                                                   |
  Major market groups             |                                                                   |                                                                   |
  Final Products                  |      99.0       99.8       99.9      101.8      101.8      100.5  |       -.7         .8         .1        1.9        -.1       -1.2  |            4.6 
     Consumer goods               |      99.5      100.2       99.8      100.9      101.2       99.3  |       -.4         .7        -.4        1.1         .3       -1.9  |            1.4 
     Business equipment           |      92.3       93.8       93.5       96.9       96.3       96.7  |      -1.8        1.6        -.4        3.6        -.6         .4  |            8.1 
  Nonindustrial supplies          |      96.6       96.7       96.3       97.3       97.6       97.4  |       -.3         .1        -.3        1.0         .3        -.3  |            4.8 
     Construction                 |     100.1       99.2       98.1       99.5      100.1      100.4  |      -1.5        -.9       -1.1        1.4         .6         .2  |            5.0 
  Materials                       |     100.2      101.0      102.2      102.3      102.1      100.3  |       1.0         .8        1.2         .1        -.3       -1.7  |            4.6 
                                  |                                                                   |                                                                   |
  Major industry groups           |                                                                   |                                                                   |
  Manufacturing (see note below)  |      97.6       98.4       98.1       99.8       99.4       98.7  |       -.2         .8        -.3        1.7        -.4        -.7  |            4.8 
     Previous estimates           |      97.5       98.3       98.0       99.5       99.7             |       -.3         .8        -.3        1.6         .2             |                
  Mining                          |     104.9      106.6      106.7      107.5      106.5      104.1  |       -.5        1.6         .1         .7        -.9       -2.3  |            6.9 
  Utilities                       |     101.7      100.3      106.4      103.1      105.8      102.1  |       2.7       -1.4        6.1       -3.1        2.6       -3.6  |            1.6 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  |                                                                                                                                             |    Capacity
                                  |                                                             Percent of capacity                                                             |     growth
                                  | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------
                                  |     Average       1988-       1990-       1994-                         |                                                                   |                
                                  |       1972-          89          91          95        2009       2020  |      2021                                                         |   Sept. '20 to 
 Capacity utilization             |       2020         high         low        high         low      Sept.  |   Apr.[r]     May[r]    June[r]    July[r]    Aug.[r]   Sept.[p]  |     Sept. '21 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  |                                                                         |                                                                   |
  Total industry                  |       79.6        85.2        78.8        85.1        66.6        72.1  |      74.8       75.3       75.6       76.3       76.2       75.2  |             .2 
     Previous estimates           |                                                                         |      74.8       75.2       75.6       76.2       76.4             |                
                                  |                                                                         |                                                                   |
  Manufacturing (see note below)  |       78.2        85.6        77.3        84.7        63.5        72.4  |      75.1       75.7       75.5       76.8       76.5       75.9  |             .0 
     Previous estimates           |                                                                         |      75.0       75.6       75.4       76.6       76.7             |                
  Mining                          |       86.2        86.0        83.8        88.3        78.3        68.1  |      74.2       75.4       75.6       76.2       75.5       73.9  |           -1.4 
  Utilities                       |       85.0        93.1        84.6        93.2        78.0        73.7  |      73.4       72.3       76.5       74.0       75.8       73.0  |            2.6 
                                  |                                                                         |                                                                   |
  Stage-of-process groups         |                                                                         |                                                                   |
  Crude                           |       85.4        87.7        84.6        89.7        76.5        70.2  |      75.1       77.1       77.3       77.6       76.8       74.5  |            -.8 
  Primary and semifinished        |       80.2        86.5        78.1        87.9        63.5        72.2  |      74.5       74.3       75.1       75.1       75.5       74.5  |             .5 
  Finished                        |       76.8        83.4        77.5        80.7        66.5        72.5  |      75.0       75.6       75.6       77.4       77.0       76.6  |             .0 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [r]  Revised.  [p]  Preliminary.
 Note.  The statistics in this release cover output, capacity, and capacity utilization in the
 U.S. industrial sector, which is defined by the Federal Reserve to comprise manufacturing,
 mining, and electric and gas utilities. Mining is defined as all industries in sector 21 of the
 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS); electric and gas utilities are those in
 NAICS sectors 2211 and 2212. Manufacturing comprises NAICS manufacturing industries (sector 31-33)
 plus the logging industry and the newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishing industries.
 Logging and publishing are classified elsewhere in NAICS (under agriculture and information
 respectively), but historically they were considered to be manufacturing and were included in
 the industrial sector under the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system.  In December 2002
 the Federal Reserve reclassified all its industrial output data from the SIC system to NAICS.
 
 
 

 Table 1
 Industrial Production: Market and Industry Group Summary
 Percent change, seasonally adjusted
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |             |             |      Fourth quarter to       |                              |                                                            |
                                                   |             |             |        fourth quarter        |         Annual rate          |                        Monthly rate                        |
                                                   |             |             |------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| Sept. '20 
                                                   |             |        2020 |                              |     2021                     |     2021                                                   |     to
 Item                                              |    NAICS    |Proportion<1>|     2018      2019      2020 |       Q1     Q2[r]     Q3[p] |  Apr.[r]    May[r]   June[r]   July[r]   Aug.[r]  Sept.[p] | Sept. '21 
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Total IP                                         |             |   100.00    |      2.7      -2.1      -4.3 |      4.0       6.4       4.3 |       .1        .7        .5       1.0       -.1      -1.3 |       4.6 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  MARKET GROUP                                     |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Final products and nonindustrial supplies        |             |    56.60    |      1.3      -1.9      -3.4 |      5.9       1.7       6.4 |      -.6        .6       -.1       1.7        .1       -.9 |       4.7 
     Consumer goods                                |             |    28.38    |       .7      -1.3       -.8 |      3.5        .1       2.6 |      -.4        .7       -.4       1.1        .3      -1.9 |       1.4 
        Durable                                    |             |     6.01    |      4.4      -4.2       4.2 |     -4.4     -11.2      11.4 |     -2.9       2.4      -1.4       5.5      -1.9      -3.7 |      -2.5 
           Automotive products                     |             |     3.24    |      5.0      -5.2       5.1 |    -16.5     -21.2      15.0 |     -5.6       4.5      -3.7       9.9      -3.7      -7.0 |     -11.2 
           Home electronics                        |             |      .16    |     19.7       3.4      16.1 |      9.3      18.2        .6 |      2.9        .5       1.7      -1.6        .8       -.2 |      11.7 
           Appliances, furniture, carpeting        |             |      .94    |     -1.7      -2.9       5.2 |     16.3     -13.4       6.5 |      -.9        .8       1.8       1.0      -1.2       -.2 |       3.5 
           Miscellaneous goods                     |             |     1.67    |      5.4      -3.9        .7 |     11.9      10.3       8.7 |       .9       -.4        .8        .7       1.2        .6 |      11.8 
        Nondurable                                 |             |    22.37    |      -.3       -.4      -2.2 |      5.9       3.5        .3 |       .2        .3        .0       -.1        .9      -1.4 |       2.5 
           Non-energy                              |             |    16.87    |     -1.4        .3       -.8 |      4.5       1.0        .4 |      -.4        .2       -.8        .5        .3       -.5 |       3.1 
              Foods and tobacco                    |             |     9.94    |     -1.7       1.3       -.4 |      4.2      -4.1      -2.0 |     -1.4       -.1      -1.0        .8       -.6       -.7 |       1.5 
              Clothing                             |             |      .20    |     -2.7       1.9      -1.3 |      9.4       6.8       5.4 |      -.3       3.2       -.7        .3        .3        .7 |      10.4 
              Chemical products                    |             |     5.33    |     -1.1        .0       -.8 |      5.3      15.3       5.7 |      2.1       1.3        .1       -.2       1.9       -.5 |       7.6 
              Paper products                       |             |      .97    |     -2.8      -6.0      -4.3 |       .3     -18.2      -9.0 |     -2.9      -3.3      -4.4       1.0       1.5       -.4 |      -8.1 
           Energy                                  |             |     5.50    |      2.8      -2.5      -6.6 |     10.2      11.0        .1 |      2.0        .3       2.0      -1.7       2.4      -3.7 |        .7 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
     Business equipment                            |             |     9.20    |      1.4      -4.2      -8.4 |      9.3        .6      15.4 |     -1.8       1.6       -.4       3.6       -.6        .4 |       8.1 
        Transit                                    |             |     2.12    |     -4.0      -6.1     -23.7 |      3.8     -27.6      27.7 |     -7.2       1.5       -.8       8.3      -2.1      -1.1 |       1.6 
        Information processing                     |             |     2.09    |      4.1       1.5       3.6 |      6.7      20.8      15.6 |       .8       3.3        .6       1.8        .6        .1 |      11.9 
        Industrial and other                       |             |     4.99    |      3.6      -5.3      -4.5 |     13.3       8.9      10.1 |      -.2       1.0       -.5       2.3       -.4       1.2 |       9.8 
     Defense and space equipment                   |             |     2.80    |      5.0      10.9       1.9 |     27.1      10.2      24.5 |      -.5      -1.4       5.0       3.4      -1.1        .3 |      17.9 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
     Construction supplies                         |             |     4.98    |       .7      -2.4       -.4 |      4.2      -3.0       3.5 |     -1.5       -.9      -1.1       1.4        .6        .2 |       5.0 
     Business supplies                             |             |    10.67    |       .9      -3.0      -5.0 |      1.7       5.5       4.0 |       .3        .5        .0        .8        .2       -.5 |       4.7 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Materials                                        |             |    43.40    |      4.4      -2.5      -5.5 |      1.5      12.9       1.8 |      1.0        .8       1.2        .1       -.3      -1.7 |       4.6 
     Non-energy                                    |             |    27.45    |       .7      -4.3      -1.7 |      -.2       9.3       3.0 |       .4       1.1       -.2       1.0       -.4       -.7 |       4.8 
        Durable                                    |             |    16.71    |      2.0      -5.1      -2.8 |      7.2      -1.0       6.3 |     -1.9       1.1       -.3       1.7       -.4       -.3 |       5.0 
           Consumer parts                          |             |     2.46    |      2.5     -10.7       1.1 |      4.1     -16.9       8.8 |     -4.8       2.5       -.9       4.0      -1.8      -2.4 |      -1.6 
           Equipment parts                         |             |     4.86    |      2.0      -1.6      -1.6 |     12.7       8.4       6.7 |      -.5       1.7       -.4       1.9      -1.3        .8 |       8.1 
           Other                                   |             |     9.39    |      1.9      -5.2      -4.7 |      5.4       -.6       5.4 |     -1.8        .4        .0       1.0        .4       -.2 |       5.3 
        Nondurable                                 |             |    10.74    |     -1.3      -3.0        .2 |    -11.0      27.8      -1.8 |      4.1       1.1        .0       -.1       -.4      -1.5 |       4.4 
           Textile                                 |             |      .35    |       .5      -3.8      -4.8 |      5.9       9.1      -8.0 |      1.0       -.6      -1.5        .2      -2.3       1.7 |      -1.0 
           Paper                                   |             |     1.63    |      1.4      -1.3      -7.5 |     -4.6      10.8       6.3 |      -.7       1.9      -1.7       1.0        .8       1.8 |       8.1 
           Chemical                                |             |     5.27    |     -3.4      -5.6       3.0 |    -22.1      58.5      -2.3 |      9.2       2.2        .7        .2      -1.3      -3.3 |       6.4 
     Energy                                        |             |    15.95    |     10.4        .6     -12.3 |      4.7      19.0        .0 |      1.9        .3       3.3      -1.1       -.1      -3.2 |       4.3 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  INDUSTRY GROUP                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Manufacturing                                    |             |    75.90    |       .7      -2.6      -2.5 |      2.8       5.0       5.3 |      -.2        .8       -.3       1.7       -.4       -.7 |       4.8 
     Manufacturing (NAICS)                         |       31-33 |    73.88    |       .8      -2.4      -2.4 |      2.9       5.8       5.7 |      -.1       1.0       -.2       1.7       -.4       -.8 |       5.1 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
        Durable manufacturing                      |             |    38.14    |      2.4      -3.3      -2.6 |      6.7       -.1       9.9 |     -1.4       1.0       -.1       2.9       -.8       -.5 |       5.6 
           Wood products                           |         321 |     1.71    |     -3.4      -1.1        .2 |      4.9        .6        .2 |      -.8        .2      -1.6       1.0        .4       -.6 |       5.2 
           Nonmetallic mineral products            |         327 |     2.29    |      -.9      -2.2        .9 |     -4.2      -8.6       1.2 |     -1.0      -2.4        .6        .9        .2       -.9 |       1.2 
           Primary metals                          |         331 |     2.28    |      4.1      -7.5      -6.7 |      9.8      20.1       6.5 |      3.5      -1.6       1.6       1.6      -1.3       1.1 |      13.4 
           Fabricated metal products               |         332 |     5.95    |      3.5      -3.9      -5.9 |      7.5       3.0       2.4 |     -1.6       1.0       -.3        .1        .4        .3 |       3.8 
           Machinery                               |         333 |     5.40    |      3.8      -6.7       -.2 |     15.9       4.4       9.5 |      -.3       1.1       -.7       3.1      -1.0        .2 |       8.7 
           Computer and electronic products        |         334 |     4.96    |      2.2       2.3       4.1 |      7.3      19.7      10.3 |       .9       3.1        .2       1.1        .4       -.1 |      11.0 
           Electrical equip., appliances,          |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
              and components                       |         335 |     1.85    |      3.9      -3.3      -2.0 |     14.0       2.7       9.1 |       .5       -.5      -1.4       4.0      -1.6       1.3 |      10.4 
           Motor vehicles and parts                |      3361-3 |     4.89    |      5.9      -8.4       2.8 |    -17.5     -24.6       8.6 |     -7.2       5.2      -5.0       8.7      -3.2      -7.2 |     -13.7 
           Aerospace and miscellaneous             |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
              transportation equipment             |      3364-9 |     4.76    |     -2.8       3.8     -13.4 |     26.3      -5.4      31.4 |     -2.4      -1.7       4.7       5.3      -1.8       1.1 |      15.6 
           Furniture and related products          |         337 |     1.23    |      -.2      -3.9      -5.5 |      1.4      -1.8       8.5 |      -.6       2.4        .2       -.1       1.3       1.2 |       2.5 
           Miscellaneous                           |         339 |     2.82    |      4.5      -4.7      -1.4 |     12.2       4.1       9.3 |      -.8        .8        .4       1.7       -.5       1.0 |      10.9 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
        Nondurable manufacturing                   |             |    35.75    |     -1.0      -1.5      -2.2 |     -1.1      12.6       1.3 |      1.3       1.0       -.3        .5        .1      -1.0 |       4.6 
           Food, beverage, and tobacco products    |       311,2 |    12.42    |     -1.1       1.4       -.3 |      3.2      -2.9      -2.8 |     -1.2       -.1       -.9        .3       -.2       -.6 |       1.0 
           Textile and product mills               |       313,4 |      .63    |      1.4      -3.8      -5.6 |     11.5       4.9      -2.6 |       .6      -1.2       -.8        .9      -1.7       1.7 |       2.7 
           Apparel and leather                     |       315,6 |      .22    |     -2.9       1.5       -.9 |     10.9       6.7       5.0 |      -.1       3.0       -.8        .3        .6        .4 |      10.3 
           Paper                                   |         322 |     2.40    |      1.9      -1.4      -3.6 |     -4.2       4.8       2.0 |      -.6        .3      -2.1        .9       1.0        .8 |       4.7 
           Printing and support                    |         323 |     1.34    |      -.3      -3.7      -8.3 |     -5.2      17.6      11.5 |       .4       2.9       1.7        .2       -.7       2.7 |      11.4 
           Petroleum and coal products             |         324 |     3.34    |     -1.1      -1.2     -12.1 |     18.8      26.6      -3.4 |      1.5        .3       -.4       -.1        .3      -2.4 |      11.8 
           Chemicals                               |         325 |    11.85    |     -2.7      -3.1        .0 |    -11.8      35.3       2.8 |      5.3       2.4        .2        .4        .1      -2.1 |       6.0 
           Plastics and rubber products            |         326 |     3.53    |      2.3      -5.1      -2.2 |      4.5      -5.0      12.1 |      -.9        .8        .8       1.6        .8       -.4 |       3.8 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
     Other manufacturing (non-NAICS)               |   1133,5111 |     2.01    |     -3.9      -7.6      -9.1 |      -.5     -21.8     -10.0 |     -4.2      -4.2      -3.7        .6       1.3       -.2 |      -8.9 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Mining                                           |          21 |    12.17    |     14.1        .5     -16.6 |      7.3      21.8       -.2 |      -.5       1.6        .1        .7       -.9      -2.3 |       6.9 
  Utilities                                        |      2211,2 |    11.94    |      3.0      -1.7      -3.2 |      8.7        .4       3.5 |      2.7      -1.4       6.1      -3.1       2.6      -3.6 |       1.6 
     Electric                                      |        2211 |    10.29    |      1.5      -1.3      -2.1 |      9.6      -1.9       4.8 |       .9      -1.9       7.4      -3.5       3.1      -3.9 |       2.7 
     Natural gas                                   |        2212 |     1.64    |     12.9      -4.1      -9.9 |      3.4      15.5      -3.4 |     14.6       2.1       -.7       -.5        .0      -1.8 |      -5.0 
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [r]  Revised.  [p]  Preliminary.
      <1>  The proportion data are the relative weights for the rates of change for each series in the computation of the change in total industrial production in the following year.
      Note.  Under industry groups, the figures to the right of the series descriptions are 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes.  The abbreviation pt
 denotes part of a NAICS code.  Additional industry detail is available on the Board's website (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/20211018/default_sup.htm).  Under market groups, in
 the products category, miscellaneous consumer nondurables, oil and gas well drilling, and manufactured homes are not shown separately; in the nondurable materials
 category, containers and miscellaneous nondurable materials are not shown separately.
 
 
 

 Table 2
 Industrial Production: Special Aggregates and Selected Detail
 Percent change, seasonally adjusted
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |             |             |      Fourth quarter to       |                              |                                                            |
                                                   |             |             |        fourth quarter        |         Annual rate          |                        Monthly rate                        |
                                                   |             |             |------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| Sept. '20 
                                                   |             |        2020 |                              |     2021                     |     2021                                                   |     to
 Item                                              |    NAICS    |   Proportion|     2018      2019      2020 |       Q1     Q2[r]     Q3[p] |  Apr.[r]    May[r]   June[r]   July[r]   Aug.[r]  Sept.[p] | Sept. '21 
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Total industry                                   |             |   100.00    |      2.7      -2.1      -4.3 |      4.0       6.4       4.3 |       .1        .7        .5       1.0       -.1      -1.3 |       4.6 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Energy                                           |             |    24.65    |      8.4       -.4     -11.8 |      8.3      16.8       1.2 |      2.0        .3       2.9      -1.1        .5      -3.1 |       4.8 
     Consumer products                             |             |     5.50    |      2.8      -2.5      -6.6 |     10.2      11.0        .1 |      2.0        .3       2.0      -1.7       2.4      -3.7 |        .7 
     Commercial products                           |             |     2.69    |      2.5        .3      -9.5 |     11.7      12.1       4.3 |      2.7        .0       2.6       -.5        .8      -2.1 |       7.9 
     Oil and gas well drilling                     |      213111 |      .50    |     27.8     -11.1     -48.3 |    135.4      41.5      42.9 |      2.8       4.3       1.9       6.1       1.1      -1.2 |      69.7 
     Converted fuel                                |             |     5.11    |      4.8      -2.7      -4.5 |      7.8      12.3       4.3 |      6.3      -2.4       9.2      -3.8       1.4      -3.0 |       6.2 
     Primary energy                                |             |    10.84    |     12.7       2.1     -15.9 |      3.1      22.5      -1.9 |       .0       1.5        .9        .0       -.8      -3.3 |       3.4 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Non-energy                                       |             |    75.35    |       .7      -2.7      -1.9 |      2.7       3.1       5.5 |      -.6        .8       -.4       1.7       -.3       -.6 |       4.6 
     Selected high-technology industries           |             |     2.17    |      5.0       6.1       9.2 |     13.4      15.8       -.4 |      1.5       1.7       -.7       -.4        .0        .6 |      10.7 
        Computers and peripheral equipment         |        3341 |      .28    |     29.0      12.2      19.0 |      6.3      12.7      -5.0 |      2.0       -.4        .6      -3.2       1.7       1.6 |       8.8 
        Communications equipment                   |        3342 |      .60    |     12.2       4.3      13.0 |     24.1      16.5       6.5 |      1.4       1.1        .7        .5        .2        .4 |      15.5 
        Semiconductors and related                 |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
           electronic components                   |        3344 |     1.29    |      -.7       5.6       5.9 |     10.4      16.2      -2.7 |      1.3       2.5      -1.7       -.2       -.4        .4 |       8.9 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
     Excluding selected high-technology            |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
           industries                              |             |    73.18    |       .6      -3.0      -2.3 |      2.4       2.7       5.7 |      -.6        .8       -.4       1.8       -.3       -.6 |       4.4 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
        Motor vehicles and parts                   |      3361-3 |     4.89    |      5.9      -8.4       2.8 |    -17.5     -24.6       8.6 |     -7.2       5.2      -5.0       8.7      -3.2      -7.2 |     -13.7 
           Motor vehicles                          |        3361 |     2.46    |     11.0      -8.5       3.3 |    -31.7     -31.7       6.2 |     -9.7       7.2      -7.1      13.2      -6.0     -12.5 |     -24.2 
           Motor vehicle parts                     |        3363 |     2.00    |      2.9      -8.1        .6 |     -5.6     -14.0       3.4 |     -4.7       3.2      -2.8       3.2       -.8      -2.9 |      -5.9 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
        Excluding motor vehicles and parts         |             |    68.29    |       .1      -2.5      -2.6 |      4.2       5.1       5.4 |      -.1        .5        .0       1.3       -.1       -.2 |       5.9 
           Consumer goods                          |             |    20.00    |      -.8       -.4       -.3 |      5.7       1.0       2.3 |      -.4        .3       -.5        .9        .2       -.5 |       4.0 
           Business equipment                      |             |     7.79    |      -.8      -4.0     -10.8 |     13.3       3.6      17.3 |     -1.0       1.0        .4       3.1       -.2       1.3 |      10.9 
           Construction supplies                   |             |     4.96    |       .7      -2.4       -.4 |      4.1      -3.0       3.4 |     -1.5       -.9      -1.1       1.4        .6        .2 |       5.0 
           Business supplies                       |             |     7.58    |       .4      -4.7      -4.1 |     -2.1       2.6       4.1 |      -.6        .7       -.9       1.3        .0        .1 |       3.4 
           Materials                               |             |    25.14    |       .6      -4.2      -2.1 |      -.1      11.0       3.1 |       .8        .9        .1        .8       -.3       -.6 |       5.4 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Measures excluding selected high-technology      |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
        industries                                 |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Total industry                                   |             |    97.83    |      2.6      -2.3      -4.6 |      3.8       6.2       4.4 |       .1        .7        .5       1.0       -.1      -1.3 |       4.5 
     Manufacturing<1>                              |             |    73.72    |       .5      -2.8      -2.9 |      2.5       4.7       5.4 |      -.3        .8       -.3       1.8       -.4       -.8 |       4.6 
        Durable                                    |             |    36.12    |      2.2      -3.8      -3.4 |      6.2      -1.1      10.6 |     -1.6        .9       -.1       3.1       -.9       -.5 |       5.3 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Measures excluding motor vehicles and parts      |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Total industry                                   |             |    95.11    |      2.5      -1.8      -4.7 |      5.4       8.4       4.1 |       .5        .5        .8        .6        .1      -1.0 |       5.7 
     Manufacturing<1>                              |             |    71.00    |       .2      -2.1      -2.9 |      4.6       7.5       5.0 |       .3        .6        .0       1.2       -.2       -.3 |       6.2 
        Durable                                    |             |    33.41    |      1.8      -2.4      -3.4 |     11.1       4.1      10.1 |      -.5        .4        .6       2.1       -.5        .5 |       8.9 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Measures excluding selected high-technology      |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
        industries and motor vehicles and parts    |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Total industry                                   |             |    92.93    |      2.4      -2.0      -5.0 |      5.2       8.2       4.2 |       .5        .4        .8        .6        .1      -1.0 |       5.6 
     Manufacturing<1>                              |             |    68.83    |       .1      -2.4      -3.3 |      4.3       7.2       5.2 |       .3        .5        .1       1.3       -.2       -.3 |       6.1 
                                                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Stage-of-process components                      |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
        of non-energy materials,                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
        measures of the input to                   |             |             |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Finished processors                              |             |     9.29    |      2.0      -4.4      -1.9 |      6.9       1.0       6.6 |     -1.7       1.9       -.8       2.3      -1.1        .1 |       5.0 
  Primary and semifinished processors              |             |    18.15    |       .0      -4.3      -1.5 |     -3.7      13.8       1.3 |      1.5        .7        .2        .4        .0      -1.1 |       4.6 
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [r]  Revised.  [p]  Preliminary.
      <1>  The composition of manufacturing is specified in a note for the summary table.
 
 
 

 Table 3
 Motor Vehicle Assemblies
 Millions of units, seasonally adjusted annual rate
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |  2020 |   2020    2021                 |   2021                                         
 Item                                              |Average|     Q4      Q1      Q2      Q3 |   Apr.     May    June    July    Aug.   Sept. 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total                                            |  8.82 |  10.79    9.71    8.98    8.60 |   8.65    9.45    8.83    9.20    8.82    7.78 
     Autos                                         |  1.92 |   2.23    1.76    1.53    1.41 |   1.60    1.54    1.44    1.71    1.48    1.06 
     Trucks                                        |  6.90 |   8.56    7.94    7.45    7.18 |   7.05    7.91    7.38    7.50    7.34    6.72 
        Light                                      |  6.66 |   8.25    7.65    7.18    6.92 |   6.80    7.61    7.13    7.22    7.07    6.45 
        Medium and heavy                           |   .24 |    .30     .29     .27     .27 |    .25     .31     .25     .27     .26     .27 
                                                   |       |                                |
  Memo:                                            |       |                                |
     Autos and light trucks                        |  8.58 |  10.49    9.42    8.71    8.33 |   8.40    9.15    8.57    8.93    8.55    7.51 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Note.  Seasonal factors and underlying data for auto, light truck, and medium and heavy truck production are available on the Board's website,
 www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/mvsf.htm.
 
 
 

 Table 4
 Industrial Production Indexes: Market and Industry Group Summary
 2017 = 100, seasonally adjusted
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |             |        2020 |     2021                                                                                 
 Item                                              |    NAICS    |   Proportion|     Jan.      Feb.      Mar.   Apr.[r]    May[r]   June[r]   July[r]   Aug.[r]  Sept.[p] 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |             |             |
  Total IP                                         |             |   100.00    |     99.4      96.4      99.2      99.2      99.9     100.4     101.4     101.3     100.0 
                                                   |             |             |
  MARKET GROUP                                     |             |             |
  Final products and nonindustrial supplies        |             |    56.60    |     99.1      97.0      99.0      98.4      99.0      98.9     100.6     100.6      99.7 
     Consumer goods                                |             |    28.38    |    100.8      98.7      99.9      99.5     100.2      99.8     100.9     101.2      99.3 
        Durable                                    |             |     6.01    |    107.8     100.1     102.1      99.2     101.6     100.1     105.6     103.7      99.9 
           Automotive products                     |             |     3.24    |    107.9      96.7      99.5      93.9      98.1      94.4     103.8      99.9      92.9 
           Home electronics                        |             |      .16    |    156.1     156.6     157.4     161.9     162.7     165.5     162.9     164.2     163.8 
           Appliances, furniture, carpeting        |             |      .94    |    108.4     102.9      99.8      98.9      99.7     101.5     102.5     101.3     101.0 
           Miscellaneous goods                     |             |     1.67    |    103.4     101.3     104.7     105.7     105.3     106.1     106.8     108.1     108.7 
        Nondurable                                 |             |    22.37    |     98.8      98.2      99.2      99.5      99.7      99.7      99.6     100.4      99.0 
           Non-energy                              |             |    16.87    |     99.7      97.2      99.5      99.2      99.4      98.6      99.1      99.4      98.9 
              Foods and tobacco                    |             |     9.94    |    101.5      97.4     100.5      99.2      99.1      98.1      98.9      98.3      97.6 
              Clothing                             |             |      .20    |     98.2      96.5      97.5      97.2     100.3      99.6      99.9     100.2     100.9 
              Chemical products                    |             |     5.33    |     99.2      98.5      99.8     101.9     103.2     103.3     103.1     105.0     104.5 
              Paper products                       |             |      .97    |     84.6      86.7      87.7      85.2      82.3      78.7      79.5      80.7      80.4 
           Energy                                  |             |     5.50    |     95.9     100.9      98.0     100.0     100.3     102.3     100.6     103.0      99.1 
                                                   |             |             |
     Business equipment                            |             |     9.20    |     94.0      91.3      94.0      92.3      93.8      93.5      96.9      96.3      96.7 
        Transit                                    |             |     2.12    |     73.6      69.7      70.3      65.2      66.2      65.7      71.1      69.6      68.8 
        Information processing                     |             |     2.09    |    113.3     112.2     115.5     116.4     120.2     120.9     123.0     123.8     123.9 
        Industrial and other                       |             |     4.99    |     99.1      96.9     100.7     100.5     101.6     101.0     103.4     102.9     104.2 
     Defense and space equipment                   |             |     2.80    |    124.3     125.2     128.9     128.3     126.5     132.9     137.4     135.9     136.3 
                                                   |             |             |
     Construction supplies                         |             |     4.98    |    101.0      97.1     101.7     100.1      99.2      98.1      99.5     100.1     100.4 
     Business supplies                             |             |    10.67    |     94.6      93.0      94.7      95.0      95.6      95.6      96.3      96.6      96.1 
                                                   |             |             |
  Materials                                        |             |    43.40    |     99.6      95.4      99.2     100.2     101.0     102.2     102.3     102.1     100.3 
     Non-energy                                    |             |    27.45    |     96.9      92.8      96.5      96.9      97.9      97.8      98.8      98.4      97.7 
        Durable                                    |             |    16.71    |     97.2      95.3      97.7      95.9      96.9      96.7      98.3      97.9      97.7 
           Consumer parts                          |             |     2.46    |     95.9      90.4      91.6      87.3      89.5      88.6      92.1      90.5      88.3 
           Equipment parts                         |             |     4.86    |    103.1     102.2     105.0     104.5     106.2     105.8     107.9     106.5     107.3 
           Other                                   |             |     9.39    |     94.5      93.3      95.9      94.2      94.5      94.5      95.5      95.9      95.7 
        Nondurable                                 |             |    10.74    |     96.6      88.7      94.5      98.4      99.5      99.5      99.4      99.1      97.6 
           Textile                                 |             |      .35    |     90.4      90.3      93.3      94.2      93.6      92.2      92.3      90.2      91.7 
           Paper                                   |             |     1.63    |     88.2      86.4      90.8      90.2      91.9      90.3      91.1      91.9      93.5 
           Chemical                                |             |     5.27    |     95.7      81.4      89.9      98.2     100.4     101.1     101.2      99.9      96.7 
     Energy                                        |             |    15.95    |    103.3      99.1     103.0     104.9     105.2     108.8     107.5     107.4     104.0 
                                                   |             |             |
                                                   |             |             |
  INDUSTRY GROUP                                   |             |             |
  Manufacturing                                    |             |    75.90    |     98.2      94.6      97.8      97.6      98.4      98.1      99.8      99.4      98.7 
     Manufacturing (NAICS)                         |       31-33 |    73.88    |     98.8      95.0      98.3      98.2      99.1      98.9     100.6     100.2      99.5 
                                                   |             |             |
        Durable manufacturing                      |             |    38.14    |    100.5      97.3     100.1      98.7      99.6      99.5     102.4     101.5     101.0 
           Wood products                           |         321 |     1.71    |     99.1      95.5      99.3      98.5      98.7      97.1      98.1      98.5      97.9 
           Nonmetallic mineral products            |         327 |     2.29    |     99.7      94.9      97.6      96.6      94.2      94.8      95.7      95.8      95.0 
           Primary metals                          |         331 |     2.28    |     91.6      91.6      94.0      97.3      95.7      97.2      98.8      97.5      98.6 
           Fabricated metal products               |         332 |     5.95    |     97.4      94.8      98.7      97.1      98.1      97.8      97.9      98.3      98.6 
           Machinery                               |         333 |     5.40    |    103.7     101.0     103.8     103.5     104.6     103.8     107.0     105.9     106.1 
           Computer and electronic products        |         334 |     4.96    |    113.1     112.6     115.4     116.5     120.0     120.3     121.6     122.1     122.0 
           Electrical equip., appliances,          |             |             |
              and components                       |         335 |     1.85    |    101.5      99.1     101.8     102.3     101.8     100.4     104.3     102.7     104.1 
           Motor vehicles and parts                |      3361-3 |     4.89    |    101.5      90.7      94.3      87.5      92.0      87.4      95.0      92.0      85.4 
           Aerospace and miscellaneous             |             |             |
              transportation equipment             |      3364-9 |     4.76    |     93.1      93.3      94.2      91.9      90.3      94.6      99.6      97.8      98.9 
           Furniture and related products          |         337 |     1.23    |     93.3      90.4      89.8      89.2      91.4      91.6      91.5      92.6      93.7 
           Miscellaneous                           |         339 |     2.82    |    101.2      99.0     102.0     101.1     101.9     102.3     104.1     103.5     104.6 
                                                   |             |             |
        Nondurable manufacturing                   |             |    35.75    |     96.9      92.4      96.2      97.5      98.5      98.2      98.7      98.7      97.7 
           Food, beverage, and tobacco products    |       311,2 |    12.42    |    102.1      98.4     101.5     100.3     100.2      99.3      99.5      99.3      98.7 
           Textile and product mills               |       313,4 |      .63    |     91.4      91.3      93.7      94.3      93.1      92.4      93.2      91.6      93.2 
           Apparel and leather                     |       315,6 |      .22    |     98.7      97.0      97.9      97.7     100.7      99.9     100.1     100.7     101.1 
           Paper                                   |         322 |     2.40    |     93.2      92.4      96.1      95.5      95.8      93.8      94.6      95.5      96.4 
           Printing and support                    |         323 |     1.34    |     87.0      85.5      87.9      88.2      90.7      92.2      92.4      91.8      94.3 
           Petroleum and coal products             |         324 |     3.34    |     91.7      85.2      94.6      95.9      96.2      95.8      95.8      96.0      93.7 
           Chemicals                               |         325 |    11.85    |     95.1      87.8      92.5      97.4      99.7      99.9     100.3     100.4      98.3 
           Plastics and rubber products            |         326 |     3.53    |     98.3      97.5      96.2      95.3      96.1      96.9      98.5      99.3      98.9 
                                                   |             |             |
     Other manufacturing (non-NAICS)               |   1133,5111 |     2.01    |     78.4      80.3      82.1      78.6      75.3      72.5      72.9      73.9      73.7 
                                                   |             |             |
  Mining                                           |          21 |    12.17    |    103.3      94.2     105.4     104.9     106.6     106.7     107.5     106.5     104.1 
  Utilities                                        |      2211,2 |    11.94    |    100.8     108.3      99.0     101.7     100.3     106.4     103.1     105.8     102.1 
     Electric                                      |        2211 |    10.29    |    100.6     106.6      99.9     100.8      98.8     106.1     102.3     105.5     101.4 
     Natural gas                                   |        2212 |     1.64    |    101.3     118.0      93.2     106.8     109.0     108.2     107.7     107.7     105.8 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [r]  Revised. [p]  Preliminary.
      Note.  Refer to the notes for table 1.
 
 
 

 Table 5
 Industrial Production Indexes: Special Aggregates
 2017 = 100, seasonally adjusted
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |             |        2020 |     2021                                                                                 
 Item                                              |    NAICS    |   Proportion|     Jan.      Feb.      Mar.   Apr.[r]    May[r]   June[r]   July[r]   Aug.[r]  Sept.[p] 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   |             |             |
  Total industry                                   |             |   100.00    |     99.4      96.4      99.2      99.2      99.9     100.4     101.4     101.3     100.0 
                                                   |             |             |
  Energy                                           |             |    24.65    |    100.3      98.9     100.6     102.6     103.0     106.0     104.9     105.5     102.2 
     Consumer products                             |             |     5.50    |     95.9     100.9      98.0     100.0     100.3     102.3     100.6     103.0      99.1 
     Commercial products                           |             |     2.69    |     97.4      96.8      96.2      98.8      98.7     101.3     100.8     101.6      99.5 
     Oil and gas well drilling                     |      213111 |      .50    |     73.8      77.6      78.6      80.7      84.2      85.8      91.1      92.1      91.0 
     Converted fuel                                |             |     5.11    |    102.0     106.4      97.3     103.4     101.0     110.3     106.1     107.6     104.3 
     Primary energy                                |             |    10.84    |    103.3      94.9     104.9     104.9     106.5     107.4     107.4     106.6     103.2 
                                                   |             |             |
  Non-energy                                       |             |    75.35    |     98.7      95.3      98.3      97.8      98.6      98.2      99.9      99.6      99.0 
     Selected high-technology industries           |             |     2.17    |    129.6     130.9     132.8     134.8     137.1     136.1     135.6     135.6     136.4 
        Computers and peripheral equipment         |        3341 |      .28    |    170.5     170.7     173.4     176.9     176.1     177.2     171.6     174.5     177.3 
        Communications equipment                   |        3342 |      .60    |    148.5     150.6     152.8     155.0     156.7     157.8     158.6     158.8     159.5 
        Semiconductors and related                 |             |             |
           electronic components                   |        3344 |     1.29    |    117.1     118.2     120.0     121.6     124.7     122.6     122.4     121.8     122.2 
                                                   |             |             |
     Excluding selected high-technology            |             |             |
           industries                              |             |    73.18    |     97.9      94.3      97.4      96.8      97.5      97.2      98.9      98.6      98.0 
                                                   |             |             |
        Motor vehicles and parts                   |      3361-3 |     4.89    |    101.5      90.7      94.3      87.5      92.0      87.4      95.0      92.0      85.4 
           Motor vehicles                          |        3361 |     2.46    |    104.2      87.3      93.5      84.5      90.6      84.1      95.2      89.5      78.3 
           Motor vehicle parts                     |        3363 |     2.00    |     96.5      91.7      93.9      89.5      92.4      89.8      92.7      92.0      89.3 
                                                   |             |             |
        Excluding motor vehicles and parts         |             |    68.29    |     97.6      94.6      97.6      97.5      98.0      97.9      99.2      99.1      99.0 
           Consumer goods                          |             |    20.00    |    100.6      97.9     100.0      99.7     100.0      99.5     100.4     100.5     100.0 
           Business equipment                      |             |     7.79    |     90.1      88.5      90.7      89.8      90.7      91.2      94.0      93.8      95.0 
           Construction supplies                   |             |     4.96    |    100.9      96.9     101.5     100.0      99.1      98.0      99.4     100.0     100.2 
           Business supplies                       |             |     7.58    |     92.4      90.4      92.9      92.3      92.9      92.1      93.4      93.4      93.5 
           Materials                               |             |    25.14    |     96.5      92.3      96.1      96.9      97.7      97.8      98.7      98.3      97.7 
                                                   |             |             |
  Measures excluding selected high-technology      |             |             |
        industries                                 |             |             |
  Total industry                                   |             |    97.83    |     98.8      95.7      98.5      98.5      99.2      99.7     100.7     100.6      99.3 
     Manufacturing<1>                              |             |    73.72    |     97.3      93.6      96.8      96.6      97.4      97.1      98.8      98.4      97.7 
        Durable                                    |             |    36.12    |     98.8      95.4      98.2      96.6      97.5      97.5     100.4      99.6      99.0 
                                                   |             |             |
  Measures excluding motor vehicles and parts      |             |             |
  Total industry                                   |             |    95.11    |     99.3      96.7      99.4      99.9     100.4     101.1     101.8     101.8     100.8 
     Manufacturing<1>                              |             |    71.00    |     97.9      94.8      98.0      98.3      98.9      98.9     100.1     100.0      99.7 
        Durable                                    |             |    33.41    |    100.2      98.3     100.9     100.4     100.7     101.4     103.5     103.0     103.4 
                                                   |             |             |
  Measures excluding selected high-technology      |             |             |
        industries and motor vehicles and parts    |             |             |
  Total industry                                   |             |    92.93    |     98.6      95.9      98.7      99.1      99.6     100.4     101.0     101.1     100.0 
     Manufacturing<1>                              |             |    68.83    |     97.0      93.8      97.0      97.2      97.8      97.8      99.1      98.9      98.6 
                                                   |             |             |
  Stage-of-process components                      |             |             |
        of non-energy materials,                   |             |             |
        measures of the input to                   |             |             |
  Finished processors                              |             |     9.29    |     97.8      95.5      98.1      96.4      98.2      97.4      99.6      98.5      98.6 
  Primary and semifinished processors              |             |    18.15    |     96.4      91.4      95.6      97.1      97.8      97.9      98.3      98.3      97.1 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [r]  Revised. [p]  Preliminary.
      <1>  The composition of manufacturing is specified in a note for the summary table.
 
 
 

 Table 6
 Diffusion Indexes of Industrial Production
 Percent
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 Year       Jan.    Feb.    Mar.    Apr.     May    June    July    Aug.   Sept.    Oct.    Nov.    Dec.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 One Month Earlier
  2019     43.6    42.2    48.6    43.2    55.4    52.0    42.9    57.4    43.6    35.1    57.8    53.0 
  2020     59.8    56.1    25.3    11.8    57.8    72.6    73.6    65.9    60.5    69.3    62.3    60.0 
  2021     65.9    33.8    76.4    49.8    56.4    49.8    56.9    50.2                                 
 
 Three Months Earlier
  2019     39.9    32.8    41.6    38.9    45.6    49.0    46.3    47.0    41.6    44.6    41.9    45.9 
  2020     63.9    57.4    33.1    13.2    13.2    29.1    75.3    83.1    80.4    74.7    68.6    69.3 
  2021     70.6    50.0    62.5    54.4    68.9    49.0    59.8    53.9                                 
 
 Six Months Earlier
  2019     40.2    34.5    34.1    30.1    40.5    41.6    36.8    45.6    43.6    39.9    42.9    45.3 
  2020     55.1    53.7    34.8    15.5    17.2    23.3    30.7    33.8    46.3    83.1    87.2    82.4 
  2021     77.0    61.8    71.6    65.2    63.5    61.8    56.8    67.2                                 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Note:  The diffusion indexes are calculated as the percentage of series that increased over the indicated
 span (one, three, or six months) plus one-half the percentage that were unchanged.
 
 
 

 Table 7
 Capacity Utilization
 Percent of capacity, seasonally adjusted
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                  |             |             |     1972-     1994-          |                              |
                                                  |             |      2020   |     2020         95      2009|     2021                     |     2021                                                   
 Item                                             |    NAICS    |   proportion|     ave.       high       low|       Q1     Q2[r]     Q3[p] |  Apr.[r]    May[r]   June[r]   July[r]   Aug.[r]  Sept.[p] 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total industry                                  |             |      100.00 |     79.6      85.1      66.6 |     74.1      75.2      75.9 |     74.8      75.3      75.6      76.3      76.2      75.2 
                                                  |             |             |                              |                              |
  Manufacturing<1>                                |             |       77.93 |     78.2      84.7      63.5 |     74.5      75.4      76.4 |     75.1      75.7      75.5      76.8      76.5      75.9 
     Manufacturing (NAICS)                        |       31-33 |       75.66 |     78.1      84.8      63.4 |     74.7      75.8      76.7 |     75.3      76.1      75.9      77.2      76.8      76.2 
                                                  |             |             |                              |                              |
        Durable manufacturing                     |             |       40.62 |     76.8      83.8      58.3 |     74.2      74.2      75.9 |     73.8      74.5      74.3      76.5      75.8      75.4 
           Wood products                          |         321 |        1.49 |     76.7      86.5      48.0 |     79.7      79.7      79.7 |     80.1      80.2      78.9      79.7      80.0      79.5 
           Nonmetallic mineral products           |         327 |        2.42 |     73.4      82.5      44.5 |     71.7      70.4      70.7 |     71.3      69.6      70.1      70.8      71.0      70.4 
           Primary metals                         |         331 |        2.61 |     77.7      94.4      49.6 |     67.1      70.4      71.7 |     70.8      69.7      70.8      72.0      71.1      72.0 
           Fabricated metal products              |         332 |        5.94 |     77.6      84.7      62.2 |     75.5      76.2      76.7 |     75.7      76.5      76.3      76.4      76.7      76.9 
           Machinery                              |         333 |        5.52 |     77.6      87.4      59.0 |     79.3      80.3      82.3 |     79.9      80.8      80.3      82.8      82.0      82.2 
           Computer and electronic products       |         334 |        5.29 |     77.4      84.5      70.2 |     74.2      76.8      77.8 |     75.5      77.6      77.4      78.0      77.9      77.5 
           Electrical equip., appliances,         |             |             |                              |                              |
              and components                      |         335 |        1.89 |     81.6      92.7      66.9 |     77.4      78.3      80.3 |     78.8      78.5      77.5      80.7      79.6      80.7 
           Motor vehicles and parts               |      3361-3 |        5.80 |     75.1      87.7      33.1 |     70.1      65.4      66.8 |     64.3      67.6      64.3      69.9      67.7      62.8 
           Aerospace and miscellaneous            |             |             |                              |                              |
              transportation equipment            |      3364-9 |        5.67 |     74.2      71.3      72.4 |     70.2      69.4      74.4 |     69.1      67.9      71.1      75.0      73.6      74.5 
           Furniture and related products         |         337 |        1.17 |     77.1      82.7      56.2 |     80.2      80.1      81.8 |     78.7      80.7      80.8      80.7      81.8      82.8 
           Miscellaneous                          |         339 |        2.83 |     76.7      81.0      68.2 |     79.4      79.5      80.5 |     79.3      79.6      79.7      80.8      80.1      80.6 
                                                  |             |             |                              |                              |
        Nondurable manufacturing                  |             |       35.04 |     79.9      86.1      68.8 |     75.3      77.5      77.7 |     77.1      77.9      77.6      77.9      78.0      77.2 
           Food, beverage, and tobacco products   |       311,2 |       12.20 |     80.3      85.3      75.3 |     77.0      76.2      75.3 |     76.5      76.4      75.6      75.7      75.4      74.9 
           Textile and product mills              |       313,4 |         .73 |     78.3      91.7      54.3 |     67.2      68.1      67.8 |     68.8      68.0      67.5      68.1      67.0      68.2 
           Apparel and leather                    |       315,6 |         .24 |     76.2      87.8      59.5 |     77.0      78.7      80.2 |     77.2      79.7      79.2      79.6      80.2      80.7 
           Paper                                  |         322 |        2.14 |     86.7      92.6      72.7 |     83.1      83.9      84.1 |     84.4      84.5      82.7      83.4      84.1      84.7 
           Printing and support                   |         323 |        1.43 |     79.4      85.4      58.7 |     70.6      73.7      75.8 |     71.8      73.9      75.2      75.4      74.9      77.0 
           Petroleum and coal products            |         324 |        3.08 |     84.7      91.2      76.1 |     73.4      78.0      77.1 |     77.9      78.1      77.8      77.7      77.8      75.9 
           Chemicals                              |         325 |       11.91 |     76.6      82.1      64.8 |     71.8      77.6      78.4 |     76.2      78.1      78.4      78.8      78.9      77.4 
           Plastics and rubber products           |         326 |        3.32 |     82.0      93.2      57.1 |     82.1      80.8      82.7 |     80.2      80.8      81.3      82.5      83.0      82.5 
                                                  |             |             |                              |                              |
     Other manufacturing (non-NAICS)              |   1133,5111 |        2.27 |     79.5      83.2      65.4 |     67.6      64.4      63.7 |     66.8      64.3      62.2      62.8      64.0      64.2 
                                                  |             |             |                              |                              |
  Mining                                          |          21 |       10.52 |     86.2      88.3      78.3 |     71.2      75.1      75.2 |     74.2      75.4      75.6      76.2      75.5      73.9 
  Utilities                                       |      2211,2 |       11.54 |     85.0      93.2      78.0 |     74.5      74.1      74.3 |     73.4      72.3      76.5      74.0      75.8      73.0 
                                                  |             |             |                              |                              |
  Selected high-technology industries             |             |        2.28 |     77.4      86.4      71.6 |     79.3      80.7      78.8 |     80.5      81.4      80.2      79.3      78.6      78.5 
     Computers and peripheral equipment           |        3341 |         .29 |     78.0      87.5      84.3 |     83.4      85.8      84.4 |     86.0      85.6      86.0      83.1      84.4      85.6 
     Communications equipment                     |        3342 |         .71 |     75.5      86.2      76.6 |     67.5      69.2      69.6 |     68.8      69.3      69.6      69.6      69.5      69.6 
     Semiconductors and related                   |             |             |                              |                              |
           electronic components                  |        3344 |        1.28 |     78.9      92.0      63.5 |     85.1      85.8      82.3 |     85.8      87.1      84.6      83.5      82.1      81.4 
                                                  |             |             |                              |                              |
  Measures excluding selected high-technology     |             |             |                              |                              |
        industries                                |             |             |                              |                              |
  Total industry                                  |             |       97.72 |     79.7      85.0      66.3 |     74.0      75.1      75.8 |     74.6      75.1      75.5      76.2      76.1      75.1 
     Manufacturing<1>                             |             |       75.65 |     78.2      84.6      63.0 |     74.4      75.3      76.3 |     74.9      75.5      75.3      76.6      76.4      75.8 
                                                  |             |             |                              |                              |
  Stage-of-process groups                         |             |             |                              |                              |
  Crude                                           |             |       13.84 |     85.4      89.7      76.5 |     71.5      76.5      76.3 |     75.1      77.1      77.3      77.6      76.8      74.5 
  Primary and semifinished                        |             |       45.82 |     80.2      87.9      63.5 |     74.2      74.7      75.1 |     74.5      74.3      75.1      75.1      75.5      74.5 
  Finished                                        |             |       40.34 |     76.8      80.7      66.5 |     75.1      75.4      77.0 |     75.0      75.6      75.6      77.4      77.0      76.6 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [r]  Revised.  [p]  Preliminary.
      <1>  The composition of manufacturing is specified in a note for the summary table.
 
 
 

 Table 8
 Industrial Capacity
 Percent change
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        |    Average annual rate     |  Fourth quarter to fourth quarter  |        Annual rate         | Monthly rate
                                        |----------------------------|------------------------------------|----------------------------|--------------
                                        |  1972-  1980-  1989-  1995-|                                    |  2020   2021               |         2021 
 Item                                   |     79     88     94  2021 |    2018     2019     2020     2021 |    Q4     Q1     Q2     Q3 |        Sept. 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Total industry                        |   3.1    1.9    2.3    1.7 |      .5      1.4      -.1       .4 |   -.2     .0     .3     .5 |           .1 
                                        |                            |                                    |                            |
  Manufacturing<1>                      |   3.2    2.2    2.6    1.6 |      .1       .2      -.7       .1 |   -.5    -.3     .0     .3 |           .0 
                                        |                            |                                    |                            |
  Mining                                |    .7     .2    -.6    1.3 |     2.9      7.4       .3     -1.1 |  -2.0   -2.0   -1.5    -.7 |           .0 
  Utilities                             |   4.4    2.2    1.8    1.7 |      .6      1.7      2.9      2.6 |   2.9    2.7    2.5    2.5 |           .2 
                                        |                            |                                    |                            |
                                        |                            |                                    |                            |
  Selected high-technology industries   |  18.6   16.6   16.1   16.6 |     6.4     10.4      3.1      8.2 |   3.3    5.6    8.0    9.6 |           .8 
  Manufacturing<1> ex. selected         |                            |                                    |                            |
        high-technology industries      |   2.6    1.3    1.6     .5 |     -.1      -.2      -.8      -.1 |   -.7    -.4    -.2     .0 |           .0 
                                        |                            |                                    |                            |
  Stage-of-process groups               |                            |                                    |                            |
  Crude                                 |   1.5     .5    -.4    1.1 |     1.3      5.2       .1      -.5 |  -1.3   -1.3    -.8    -.2 |           .0 
  Primary and semifinished              |   3.0    1.3    2.5    1.8 |     -.3       .3      -.1       .6 |    .1     .4     .6     .8 |           .1 
  Finished                              |   3.9    3.2    2.8    1.5 |     1.2       .5      -.4       .1 |   -.5    -.2     .0     .2 |           .0 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      <1>  The composition of manufacturing is specified in a note for the summary table.
 
 
 

 Table 9
 Gross Value of Final Products and Nonindustrial Supplies
 Billions of 2012 dollars at annual rate, seasonally adjusted
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      |            |            |       2021                         |       2021                                                             
 Item                                 |    2012    |       2020 |         Q1       Q2[r]       Q3[p] |    Apr.[r]      May[r]     June[r]     July[r]     Aug.[r]    Sept.[p] 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      |            |            |                                    |
  Final products and nonindustrial    |            |            |                                    |
        supplies                      |    4,006.0 |    3,811.0 |    3,992.2     4,004.1     4,057.6 |    3,989.3     4,013.3     4,009.6     4,096.0     4,081.6     3,995.2 
                                      |            |            |                                    |
     Final products                   |    2,985.7 |    2,831.8 |    2,981.5     2,979.0     3,026.4 |    2,964.7     2,987.6     2,984.6     3,066.0     3,047.5     2,965.9 
                                      |            |            |                                    |
        Consumer goods                |    2,176.0 |    2,151.9 |    2,238.0     2,239.7     2,254.7 |    2,230.3     2,248.5     2,240.3     2,284.4     2,277.3     2,202.3 
           Durable                    |      415.6 |      450.5 |      493.3       465.6       475.9 |      460.0       475.6       461.1       503.2       481.3       443.2 
              Automotive products     |      269.2 |      302.9 |      331.9       306.9       314.5 |      302.0       316.7       302.0       339.5       319.6       284.3 
              Other durable goods     |      146.4 |      150.0 |      164.0       163.0       165.7 |      162.7       162.3       164.0       165.9       165.5       165.6 
           Nondurable                 |    1,760.4 |    1,703.5 |    1,737.8     1,771.6     1,775.3 |    1,768.3     1,769.4     1,777.1     1,775.6     1,792.4     1,758.0 
                                      |            |            |                                    |
        Equipment, total              |      809.8 |      683.4 |      746.9       742.5       776.6 |      737.4       742.2       747.8       786.4       774.5       768.8 
           Business and defense       |      774.5 |      666.9 |      730.8       724.3       756.6 |      720.0       723.9       729.0       766.6       754.4       748.9 
              Business                |      645.7 |      530.1 |      578.9       568.6       590.5 |      564.7       572.9       568.3       599.7       589.4       582.4 
              Defense and space       |      128.8 |      134.2 |      148.9       152.2       162.2 |      151.8       148.0       156.8       163.1       161.2       162.3 
                                      |            |            |                                    |
     Nonindustrial supplies           |    1,020.3 |      979.3 |    1,012.1     1,025.5     1,032.2 |    1,024.8     1,026.3     1,025.6     1,031.9     1,035.4     1,029.3 
        Construction supplies         |      243.9 |      255.6 |      267.5       265.3       266.7 |      267.9       265.7       262.2       265.7       266.8       267.5 
        Business supplies             |      776.4 |      721.4 |      741.6       758.3       763.6 |      754.4       758.6       761.8       764.4       766.8       759.5 
           Commercial energy products |      274.9 |      266.3 |      277.1       288.2       290.0 |      285.4       286.0       293.1       290.6       292.7       286.7 
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [r]  Revised.  [p]  Preliminary.
 
 
 

 Table 10
 Gross-Value-Weighted Industrial Production:  Stage-of-Process Groups
 Percent change, seasonally adjusted
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             |                  |      Fourth quarter to       |                              |                                                            |
                                                             |                  |        fourth quarter        |         Annual rate          |                        Monthly rate                        |
                                                             |                  |------------------------------|------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------| Sept. '20 
                                                             |             2020 |                              |     2021                     |     2021                                                   |     to
 Item                                                        |    gross value<1>|     2018      2019      2020 |       Q1     Q2[r]     Q3[p] |  Apr.[r]    May[r]   June[r]   July[r]   Aug.[r]  Sept.[p] | Sept. '21 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             |                  |                              |                              |                                                            |
  Finished                                                   |       2,120.7    |      2.2      -1.4      -2.3 |      1.2      -4.8       9.6 |     -1.9        .9       -.7       4.4      -1.6      -2.2 |       1.3 
  Semifinished                                               |       1,856.5    |      1.4      -3.0      -2.6 |      7.3      -3.3       4.5 |     -1.6        .0        .7        .6        .9      -1.4 |       3.3 
  Primary                                                    |       1,713.8    |      1.2      -3.7      -8.1 |      2.5      21.8       -.1 |      4.2       -.2       1.9       -.8        .3      -1.9 |       5.3 
  Crude                                                      |         874.2    |      7.2      -2.5      -7.9 |    -12.7      31.3      -2.3 |      2.2       3.1        .0        .1      -1.2      -2.9 |       3.7 
                                                             |                  |                              |                              |                                                            |
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 [r]  Revised.  [p]  Preliminary.
      <1>  Billions of 2012 dollars.
 
 
 

 Table 11
 Historical Statistics for Industrial Production, Capacity, and Utilization: Total Industry
 Seasonally adjusted
 
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Year            |   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.    May   June   July   Aug.  Sept.   Oct.   Nov.   Dec.|     Q1     Q2     Q3     Q4|  Annual
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 IP (percent     |                                                                                    |                            |
 change) <1>     |                                                                                    |                            |
  1999           |    .4     .6     .2     .2     .6    -.1     .6     .4    -.4    1.3     .5     .8 |   4.6    3.8    3.6    7.3 |    4.4 
  2000           |   -.1     .4     .4     .6     .3     .1    -.2    -.3     .4    -.4     .0    -.3 |   4.1    5.0    -.4   -1.1 |    3.8 
  2001           |   -.6    -.7    -.2    -.3    -.6    -.6    -.6    -.1    -.5    -.3    -.6     .0 |  -5.1   -5.0   -5.5   -4.3 |   -3.1 
  2002           |    .7     .0     .8     .5     .4     .8     .0    -.1     .1    -.3     .6    -.5 |   2.9    6.4    2.5    -.2 |     .3 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2003           |    .8     .1    -.3    -.6     .0     .1     .5    -.2     .7     .1     .7     .1 |   2.5   -3.0    2.8    3.9 |    1.3 
  2004           |    .2     .6    -.4     .4     .7    -.8     .7     .1     .1     .9     .2     .7 |   2.8    2.3    2.3    5.8 |    2.7 
  2005           |    .4     .7    -.2     .2     .1     .4    -.3     .4   -1.9    1.2    1.1     .5 |   5.8    2.2   -1.7    3.6 |    3.4 
  2006           |    .1     .0     .3     .3     .0     .3    -.1     .4    -.2    -.1    -.1    1.0 |   3.8    2.4    1.5     .9 |    2.2 
  2007           |   -.4    1.0     .2     .7     .1     .0    -.1     .2     .2    -.3     .6     .0 |   4.0    5.0     .6    1.2 |    2.6 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2008           |   -.1    -.4    -.3    -.7    -.6    -.2    -.5   -1.6   -4.3     .9   -1.3   -2.8 |  -1.3   -5.8  -12.4  -16.1 |   -3.5 
  2009           |  -2.5    -.7   -1.6    -.8   -1.0    -.3    1.1    1.1     .8     .3     .4     .3 | -20.8  -10.8    6.5    6.4 |  -11.5 
  2010           |   1.1     .3     .7     .4    1.4     .2     .4     .3     .2    -.2     .0    1.0 |   8.0    8.2    5.4    1.6 |    5.5 
  2011           |   -.2    -.4    1.0    -.3     .2     .3     .5     .6    -.1     .6     .0     .5 |   2.1    1.5    4.6    4.0 |    3.1 
  2012           |    .6     .3    -.5     .8     .2     .0     .2    -.4    -.1     .3     .5     .2 |   3.9    2.6    -.1    2.1 |    3.0 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2013           |    .0     .5     .4    -.1     .1     .1    -.3     .6     .6    -.1     .3     .2 |   2.9    1.9    1.6    2.7 |    2.0 
  2014           |   -.3     .8    1.0     .1     .4     .3     .3    -.2     .3     .0     .7    -.1 |   2.9    5.4    2.4    2.3 |    3.0 
  2015           |   -.7    -.6    -.3    -.6    -.4    -.3     .7    -.3    -.3    -.4    -.7    -.6 |  -4.2   -5.5     .0   -5.5 |   -1.4 
  2016           |    .7    -.5    -.8     .3    -.2     .4     .2    -.2    -.1     .1    -.4     .7 |  -2.3   -1.6    1.0    -.6 |   -2.2 
  2017           |   -.2    -.4     .8     .9     .1     .2    -.1    -.5     .0    1.2     .3     .1 |    .6    5.9   -1.1    5.4 |    1.3 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2018           |    .0     .3     .6    1.1    -.8     .7     .2     .6     .0    -.1    -.1     .0 |   2.2    5.3    3.4    -.1 |    3.2 
  2019           |   -.5    -.6     .1    -.6     .2    -.1    -.3     .6    -.4    -.8     .5    -.4 |  -3.6   -2.3     .0   -2.6 |    -.8 
  2020           |   -.5     .2   -3.8  -13.6    1.9    6.2    4.1    1.1    -.3    1.1     .5    1.2 |  -6.7  -42.4   44.5    8.2 |   -7.2 
  2021           |   1.1   -3.0    2.9     .1     .7     .5    1.0    -.1   -1.3                      |   4.0    6.4    4.3        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 IP              |                                                                                    |                            |
 (2017=100)      |                                                                                    |                            |
  2019           | 103.3  102.7  102.9  102.3  102.5  102.4  102.1  102.7  102.3  101.5  102.0  101.6 | 103.0  102.4  102.4  101.7 |  102.3 
  2020           | 101.1  101.3   97.4   84.2   85.8   91.2   94.9   95.9   95.6   96.6   97.2   98.3 | 100.0   87.1   95.5   97.4 |   95.0 
  2021           |  99.4   96.4   99.2   99.2   99.9  100.4  101.4  101.3  100.0                      |  98.3   99.9  100.9        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Capacity        |                                                                                    |                            |
 (percent of     |                                                                                    |                            |
 2017 output)    |                                                                                    |                            |
  2019           | 131.3  131.5  131.7  131.9  132.1  132.2  132.4  132.5  132.6  132.7  132.7  132.8 | 131.5  132.1  132.5  132.7 |  132.2 
  2020           | 132.8  132.8  132.8  132.8  132.8  132.7  132.7  132.7  132.7  132.6  132.6  132.6 | 132.8  132.8  132.7  132.6 |  132.7 
  2021           | 132.6  132.6  132.7  132.7  132.7  132.8  132.8  132.9  133.0                      | 132.6  132.7  132.9        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Utilization     |                                                                                    |                            |
 (percent)       |                                                                                    |                            |
  1999           |  82.0   82.1   81.9   81.8   82.0   81.6   81.8   81.9   81.2   82.0   82.1   82.5 |  82.0   81.8   81.6   82.2 |   81.9 
  2000           |  82.2   82.2   82.2   82.4   82.4   82.2   81.7   81.3   81.3   80.8   80.5   80.0 |  82.2   82.3   81.4   80.4 |   81.6 
  2001           |  79.3   78.5   78.1   77.6   76.9   76.3   75.6   75.3   74.8   74.4   73.8   73.7 |  78.6   76.9   75.3   74.0 |   76.2 
  2002           |  74.0   73.9   74.4   74.7   75.0   75.5   75.5   75.4   75.5   75.3   75.7   75.3 |  74.1   75.1   75.5   75.4 |   75.0 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2003           |  75.9   76.1   75.9   75.4   75.4   75.5   75.9   75.8   76.3   76.4   76.9   77.0 |  76.0   75.4   76.0   76.8 |   76.0 
  2004           |  77.1   77.6   77.3   77.7   78.2   77.6   78.2   78.3   78.4   79.1   79.2   79.8 |  77.4   77.8   78.3   79.4 |   78.2 
  2005           |  80.0   80.5   80.3   80.4   80.4   80.6   80.2   80.4   78.7   79.6   80.3   80.6 |  80.3   80.5   79.8   80.2 |   80.2 
  2006           |  80.6   80.5   80.6   80.8   80.6   80.7   80.5   80.7   80.4   80.1   79.9   80.5 |  80.6   80.7   80.6   80.2 |   80.5 
  2007           |  80.0   80.6   80.5   80.9   80.8   80.7   80.5   80.6   80.7   80.5   80.9   80.9 |  80.4   80.8   80.6   80.8 |   80.6 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2008           |  80.9   80.6   80.4   79.9   79.5   79.3   79.0   77.7   74.3   74.9   73.9   71.7 |  80.6   79.6   77.0   73.5 |   77.7 
  2009           |  69.8   69.3   68.1   67.5   66.8   66.6   67.3   68.1   68.7   69.0   69.4   69.7 |  69.1   67.0   68.1   69.4 |   68.4 
  2010           |  70.6   71.0   71.7   72.1   73.3   73.6   74.1   74.5   74.7   74.7   74.8   75.6 |  71.1   73.0   74.4   75.0 |   73.4 
  2011           |  75.5   75.1   75.9   75.6   75.7   75.8   76.2   76.5   76.4   76.7   76.6   76.9 |  75.5   75.7   76.4   76.7 |   76.1 
  2012           |  77.2   77.3   76.8   77.2   77.2   77.0   77.1   76.6   76.5   76.6   76.8   76.9 |  77.1   77.1   76.7   76.8 |   76.9 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2013           |  76.7   77.0   77.2   77.1   77.0   77.1   76.8   77.2   77.5   77.3   77.5   77.6 |  77.0   77.1   77.1   77.5 |   77.2 
  2014           |  77.3   77.8   78.5   78.5   78.7   78.9   79.0   78.8   78.9   78.9   79.3   79.2 |  77.8   78.7   78.9   79.1 |   78.6 
  2015           |  78.6   78.0   77.8   77.3   76.9   76.6   77.2   77.0   76.7   76.4   75.8   75.4 |  78.1   76.9   76.9   75.9 |   77.0 
  2016           |  75.9   75.5   74.9   75.1   74.9   75.2   75.4   75.2   75.1   75.1   74.8   75.3 |  75.4   75.1   75.2   75.1 |   75.2 
  2017           |  75.2   74.9   75.5   76.3   76.5   76.6   76.6   76.3   76.5   77.5   77.8   77.9 |  75.2   76.5   76.5   77.7 |   76.5 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2018           |  77.9   78.2   78.7   79.5   78.8   79.4   79.5   79.9   79.8   79.5   79.4   79.2 |  78.3   79.3   79.7   79.4 |   79.2 
  2019           |  78.7   78.1   78.1   77.5   77.6   77.4   77.1   77.5   77.2   76.5   76.8   76.5 |  78.3   77.5   77.2   76.6 |   77.4 
  2020           |  76.1   76.3   73.4   63.4   64.7   68.7   71.5   72.3   72.1   72.9   73.3   74.1 |  75.3   65.6   71.9   73.4 |   71.6 
  2021           |  75.0   72.7   74.8   74.8   75.3   75.6   76.3   76.2   75.2                      |  74.1   75.2   75.9        |        
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      <1> Quarterly percentage changes are at annual rates.  Annual percentage changes are calculated from annual averages.
 
 
 

 Table 12
 Historical Statistics for Industrial Production, Capacity, and Utilization: Manufacturing <1>
 Seasonally adjusted
 
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Year            |   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.    May   June   July   Aug.  Sept.   Oct.   Nov.   Dec.|     Q1     Q2     Q3     Q4|  Annual
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 IP (percent     |                                                                                    |                            |
 change) <2>     |                                                                                    |                            |
  1999           |    .3     .9     .0     .3     .8    -.2     .4     .6    -.4    1.5     .7     .7 |   5.2    4.3    3.2    8.7 |    5.1 
  2000           |    .0     .3     .6     .6     .0     .2     .1    -.6     .5    -.4    -.3    -.6 |   4.5    4.9    -.4   -2.7 |    4.1 
  2001           |   -.5    -.7    -.2    -.4    -.6    -.6    -.5    -.4    -.4    -.5    -.4     .2 |  -5.9   -5.3   -5.9   -4.0 |   -3.7 
  2002           |    .6     .0     .7     .3     .5    1.0    -.1     .1     .1    -.4     .5    -.6 |   3.5    5.9    3.3    -.5 |     .4 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2003           |    .8    -.1     .1    -.8     .0     .5     .3    -.4     .9     .1     .8     .0 |   2.0   -2.4    2.5    4.4 |    1.3 
  2004           |   -.1     .7     .0     .3     .7    -.7     .9     .5     .0    1.0     .0     .7 |   2.6    3.3    4.0    5.5 |    3.1 
  2005           |    .7     .9    -.5     .4     .3     .1    -.3     .6   -1.1    1.4     .9     .1 |   6.4    2.5    -.6    6.1 |    4.1 
  2006           |    .8    -.3     .0     .4    -.3     .3    -.3     .7     .1    -.5     .1    1.5 |   3.9     .8    1.0    1.5 |    2.6 
  2007           |   -.4     .3     .9     .7    -.1     .3     .0    -.3     .3    -.2     .5     .1 |   4.4    5.8     .4    1.2 |    2.8 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2008           |   -.2    -.7    -.4   -1.0    -.6    -.7   -1.1   -1.2   -3.4    -.7   -2.5   -3.3 |  -2.5   -8.2  -13.7  -21.9 |   -4.8 
  2009           |  -3.2    -.1   -1.9    -.7   -1.1    -.2    1.6    1.1    1.0     .1    1.0    -.2 | -24.7  -10.5    8.6    7.1 |  -13.8 
  2010           |   1.1    -.1    1.3     .8    1.3     .0     .6     .1     .0     .1     .1     .5 |   6.7   10.5    4.3    1.5 |    5.9 
  2011           |    .1     .2     .6    -.5     .0     .1     .6     .5     .3     .5    -.2     .7 |   2.9    -.2    4.4    3.8 |    2.9 
  2012           |    .8     .3    -.5     .5    -.4     .3    -.2    -.1    -.2    -.2     .6     .7 |   5.3     .6   -1.3    1.1 |    2.6 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2013           |   -.3     .4    -.1    -.3     .3     .1    -.8     .9     .1     .1     .0    -.2 |   2.6     .1     .1    1.6 |     .9 
  2014           |  -1.0     .9     .8     .0     .3     .3     .5    -.6     .0    -.1     .7    -.2 |  -1.0    4.6    1.6     .2 |    1.1 
  2015           |   -.5    -.7     .3     .0     .0    -.4     .8    -.5    -.3    -.1    -.3    -.3 |  -3.2    -.7     .6   -2.9 |    -.6 
  2016           |    .5    -.3    -.1    -.2     .0     .2     .2    -.5     .2     .1    -.1     .0 |   -.3   -1.3     .1     .1 |    -.8 
  2017           |    .3    -.1    -.3    1.1    -.1     .0    -.2    -.3     .0    1.0     .0    -.2 |    .3    3.2   -1.8    3.6 |     .6 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2018           |   -.4     .9     .1     .6    -.8     .5     .2     .2     .0    -.5    -.4     .2 |    .5    2.7    1.9   -2.4 |    1.3 
  2019           |   -.7    -.5    -.1    -.8     .1     .2    -.4     .5    -.6    -.7     .7     .0 |  -4.3   -3.5    -.5   -1.9 |   -2.0 
  2020           |   -.2     .0   -4.4  -15.8    4.6    7.3    4.0    1.6     .1    1.5     .6     .6 |  -5.7  -44.7   55.8   11.1 |   -6.6 
  2021           |   1.5   -3.7    3.4    -.2     .8    -.3    1.7    -.4    -.7                      |   2.8    5.0    5.3        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 IP              |                                                                                    |                            |
 (2017 = 100)    |                                                                                    |                            |
  2019           | 100.6  100.0   99.9   99.2   99.2   99.4   99.0   99.5   98.9   98.2   98.9   98.9 | 100.2   99.3   99.2   98.7 |   99.3 
  2020           |  98.7   98.7   94.3   79.4   83.1   89.1   92.7   94.1   94.2   95.6   96.2   96.8 |  97.2   83.8   93.7   96.2 |   92.7 
  2021           |  98.2   94.6   97.8   97.6   98.4   98.1   99.8   99.4   98.7                      |  96.8   98.0   99.3        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Capacity        |                                                                                    |                            |
 (percent of     |                                                                                    |                            |
 2017 output)    |                                                                                    |                            |
  2019           | 130.9  130.9  131.0  131.0  131.0  131.0  131.0  131.0  131.0  131.0  130.9  130.8 | 130.9  131.0  131.0  130.9 |  131.0 
  2020           | 130.8  130.7  130.6  130.5  130.4  130.4  130.3  130.2  130.1  130.1  130.0  130.0 | 130.7  130.4  130.2  130.0 |  130.3 
  2021           | 130.0  129.9  129.9  129.9  129.9  130.0  130.0  130.0  130.1                      | 129.9  129.9  130.0        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Utilization     |                                                                                    |                            |
 (percent)       |                                                                                    |                            |
  1999           |  80.8   81.1   80.7   80.6   80.9   80.3   80.3   80.5   79.8   80.7   80.9   81.1 |  80.9   80.6   80.2   80.9 |   80.6 
  2000           |  80.8   80.7   80.9   81.0   80.7   80.5   80.3   79.4   79.5   78.9   78.4   77.6 |  80.8   80.8   79.7   78.3 |   79.9 
  2001           |  76.9   76.1   75.7   75.2   74.5   73.9   73.3   72.9   72.5   72.0   71.6   71.7 |  76.3   74.5   72.9   71.8 |   73.9 
  2002           |  72.1   72.0   72.4   72.6   73.0   73.7   73.6   73.6   73.7   73.4   73.8   73.4 |  72.2   73.1   73.6   73.5 |   73.1 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2003           |  74.0   73.9   73.9   73.4   73.4   73.7   74.0   73.7   74.3   74.4   75.1   75.1 |  73.9   73.5   74.0   74.9 |   74.1 
  2004           |  75.0   75.6   75.6   75.9   76.5   76.0   76.6   77.0   76.9   77.6   77.5   78.0 |  75.4   76.1   76.9   77.7 |   76.5 
  2005           |  78.4   79.0   78.5   78.7   78.7   78.7   78.3   78.5   77.5   78.5   79.0   78.9 |  78.6   78.7   78.1   78.8 |   78.6 
  2006           |  79.4   79.1   79.0   79.1   78.8   78.9   78.5   78.9   78.8   78.2   78.1   79.1 |  79.2   78.9   78.7   78.5 |   78.8 
  2007           |  78.5   78.6   79.0   79.4   79.1   79.1   78.9   78.5   78.6   78.4   78.7   78.7 |  78.7   79.2   78.7   78.6 |   78.8 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2008           |  78.4   77.9   77.6   76.9   76.5   76.0   75.3   74.5   72.1   71.7   70.0   67.7 |  78.0   76.5   73.9   69.8 |   74.5 
  2009           |  65.7   65.7   64.5   64.2   63.6   63.5   64.6   65.4   66.1   66.2   67.0   67.0 |  65.3   63.8   65.4   66.7 |   65.3 
  2010           |  67.8   67.8   68.8   69.5   70.5   70.6   71.2   71.4   71.5   71.7   71.9   72.3 |  68.1   70.2   71.3   71.9 |   70.4 
  2011           |  72.4   72.6   73.1   72.8   72.8   72.9   73.3   73.6   73.8   74.1   73.9   74.4 |  72.7   72.8   73.6   74.1 |   73.3 
  2012           |  74.9   75.1   74.6   74.9   74.6   74.7   74.4   74.2   74.0   73.8   74.2   74.6 |  74.9   74.7   74.2   74.2 |   74.5 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2013           |  74.4   74.6   74.5   74.3   74.5   74.6   74.0   74.6   74.7   74.8   74.8   74.7 |  74.5   74.5   74.5   74.8 |   74.6 
  2014           |  74.0   74.7   75.4   75.4   75.6   75.9   76.4   76.0   76.0   76.0   76.6   76.5 |  74.7   75.6   76.1   76.4 |   75.7 
  2015           |  76.2   75.7   76.0   76.1   76.2   75.9   76.6   76.2   76.0   75.9   75.7   75.4 |  76.0   76.1   76.3   75.7 |   76.0 
  2016           |  75.8   75.5   75.4   75.2   75.1   75.2   75.3   74.9   75.0   75.1   75.1   75.2 |  75.5   75.2   75.1   75.1 |   75.2 
  2017           |  75.4   75.4   75.3   76.2   76.2   76.3   76.2   76.1   76.2   77.1   77.2   77.0 |  75.4   76.2   76.2   77.1 |   76.2 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2018           |  76.8   77.5   77.6   78.1   77.5   77.9   78.0   78.2   78.1   77.7   77.3   77.5 |  77.3   77.8   78.1   77.5 |   77.7 
  2019           |  76.8   76.4   76.3   75.7   75.7   75.9   75.6   76.0   75.5   75.0   75.6   75.6 |  76.5   75.8   75.7   75.4 |   75.8 
  2020           |  75.5   75.5   72.2   60.8   63.7   68.3   71.2   72.3   72.4   73.5   74.0   74.4 |  74.4   64.3   71.9   74.0 |   71.1 
  2021           |  75.6   72.8   75.3   75.1   75.7   75.5   76.8   76.5   75.9                      |  74.5   75.4   76.4        |        
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      <1>  The composition of manufacturing is specified in a note for the summary table.
      <2>  Quarterly percentage changes are at annual rates.  Annual percentage changes are calculated from annual averages.
 
 
 

 Table 13
 Historical Statistics for Industrial Production, Capacity, and Utilization: Total Industry Excluding Selected High-Technology Industries <1>
 Seasonally adjusted
 
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Year            |   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.    May   June   July   Aug.  Sept.   Oct.   Nov.   Dec.|     Q1     Q2     Q3     Q4|  Annual
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 IP (percent     |                                                                                    |                            |
 change) <2>     |                                                                                    |                            |
  1999           |    .1     .2    -.1    -.1     .4    -.4     .2     .4    -.5    1.2     .3     .6 |    .8     .1     .9    5.6 |    1.2 
  2000           |   -.4     .1     .1     .4     .0    -.1    -.5    -.4     .3    -.5    -.2    -.5 |    .5    1.5   -3.2   -2.8 |    1.0 
  2001           |   -.6    -.6    -.3    -.2    -.5    -.4    -.4    -.1    -.5    -.4    -.6    -.1 |  -5.7   -4.2   -4.4   -4.5 |   -3.9 
  2002           |    .7    -.1     .8     .5     .4     .8    -.1    -.2     .1    -.3     .5    -.6 |   2.6    6.1    2.0    -.7 |     .2 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2003           |    .8    -.1    -.4    -.8    -.2     .0     .3    -.3     .6     .0     .6     .0 |   1.5   -4.7     .8    2.6 |     .2 
  2004           |    .1     .5    -.5     .4     .7    -.8     .8     .0     .0     .9     .2     .7 |   1.9    2.1    2.0    5.4 |    1.7 
  2005           |    .3     .6    -.2     .1     .0     .4    -.4     .2   -2.2    1.1    1.1     .5 |   4.7    1.3   -2.9    2.4 |    2.6 
  2006           |    .1    -.1     .2     .3    -.1     .2    -.1     .3    -.3    -.2    -.1    1.0 |   3.2    1.8     .7     .1 |    1.4 
  2007           |   -.5     .9     .0     .6     .1     .1    -.1     .2     .1    -.5     .4    -.1 |   3.2    4.0     .6    -.5 |    1.8 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2008           |   -.2    -.5    -.5    -.8    -.7    -.2    -.4   -1.6   -4.4    1.2   -1.1   -2.7 |  -2.5   -6.8  -12.5  -15.0 |   -4.3 
  2009           |  -2.5    -.7   -1.7    -.8   -1.1    -.4    1.1    1.2     .8     .2     .3     .3 | -20.6  -11.6    6.4    6.0 |  -11.4 
  2010           |   1.0     .2     .6     .3    1.4     .2     .4     .3     .2    -.3     .0     .9 |   6.9    7.4    5.1    1.0 |    4.9 
  2011           |   -.2    -.5    1.1    -.3     .1     .2     .6     .6    -.1     .7     .0     .5 |   1.6    1.6    4.5    3.9 |    2.8 
  2012           |    .6     .2    -.5     .7     .1    -.1     .2    -.4    -.1     .3     .5     .2 |   3.6    2.1    -.2    1.8 |    2.8 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2013           |   -.1     .5     .4    -.1     .0     .1    -.3     .6     .6    -.2     .2     .2 |   2.9    1.6    1.3    2.5 |    1.8 
  2014           |   -.3     .7    1.0     .0     .4     .3     .3    -.2     .3     .0     .7     .0 |   2.8    5.1    2.3    2.3 |    2.8 
  2015           |   -.8    -.6    -.3    -.6    -.4    -.3     .7    -.3    -.4    -.4    -.7    -.6 |  -4.3   -5.8     .1   -5.7 |   -1.5 
  2016           |    .6    -.5    -.8     .3    -.2     .4     .2    -.2    -.2     .0    -.5     .7 |  -2.6   -1.7     .8   -1.0 |   -2.4 
  2017           |   -.1    -.4     .8     .9     .1     .2    -.1    -.5     .0    1.2     .3     .1 |    .6    5.7   -1.2    5.1 |    1.1 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2018           |    .0     .3     .6    1.1    -.9     .7     .2     .6     .0    -.1     .0     .0 |   2.2    5.1    3.2     .1 |    3.0 
  2019           |   -.6    -.6     .1    -.6     .2    -.1    -.3     .6    -.4    -.8     .5    -.4 |  -3.8   -2.5    -.3   -2.8 |    -.9 
  2020           |   -.5     .2   -3.9  -13.9    2.0    6.3    4.1    1.1    -.4    1.1     .5    1.2 |  -7.0  -43.2   45.4    7.9 |   -7.5 
  2021           |   1.1   -3.1    2.9     .1     .7     .5    1.0    -.1   -1.3                      |   3.8    6.2    4.4        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 IP              |                                                                                    |                            |
 (2017 = 100)    |                                                                                    |                            |
  2019           | 103.1  102.5  102.7  102.0  102.2  102.2  101.8  102.4  102.0  101.2  101.7  101.3 | 102.8  102.1  102.1  101.4 |  102.1 
  2020           | 100.7  101.0   97.0   83.5   85.2   90.6   94.3   95.4   95.0   96.0   96.5   97.7 |  99.5   86.4   94.9   96.7 |   94.4 
  2021           |  98.8   95.7   98.5   98.5   99.2   99.7  100.7  100.6   99.3                      |  97.6   99.1  100.2        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Capacity        |                                                                                    |                            |
 (percent of     |                                                                                    |                            |
 2017 output)    |                                                                                    |                            |
  2019           | 131.0  131.2  131.3  131.5  131.6  131.8  131.9  132.0  132.1  132.1  132.2  132.2 | 131.2  131.6  132.0  132.2 |  131.7 
  2020           | 132.2  132.2  132.2  132.2  132.1  132.1  132.1  132.0  132.0  132.0  132.0  131.9 | 132.2  132.1  132.0  132.0 |  132.1 
  2021           | 131.9  131.9  132.0  132.0  132.0  132.0  132.1  132.1  132.2                      | 131.9  132.0  132.1        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Utilization     |                                                                                    |                            |
 (percent)       |                                                                                    |                            |
  1999           |  82.0   82.0   81.7   81.4   81.6   81.2   81.2   81.4   80.8   81.7   81.8   82.1 |  81.9   81.4   81.1   81.9 |   81.6 
  2000           |  81.7   81.6   81.6   81.8   81.7   81.5   81.0   80.5   80.7   80.2   80.0   79.5 |  81.7   81.7   80.7   79.9 |   81.0 
  2001           |  79.0   78.4   78.0   77.8   77.3   76.9   76.4   76.3   75.8   75.5   75.0   74.8 |  78.5   77.3   76.2   75.1 |   76.8 
  2002           |  75.3   75.1   75.7   76.0   76.3   76.9   76.8   76.7   76.8   76.6   77.0   76.6 |  75.4   76.4   76.8   76.7 |   76.3 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2003           |  77.3   77.3   77.0   76.5   76.4   76.4   76.7   76.5   77.0   77.0   77.5   77.5 |  77.2   76.4   76.7   77.3 |   76.9 
  2004           |  77.6   78.0   77.7   78.1   78.7   78.1   78.7   78.8   78.8   79.6   79.7   80.3 |  77.8   78.3   78.8   79.9 |   78.7 
  2005           |  80.5   81.0   80.8   80.8   80.8   81.1   80.6   80.8   78.9   79.7   80.5   80.8 |  80.8   80.9   80.1   80.3 |   80.5 
  2006           |  80.8   80.6   80.6   80.8   80.6   80.6   80.4   80.6   80.2   79.9   79.7   80.4 |  80.7   80.7   80.4   80.0 |   80.4 
  2007           |  79.9   80.5   80.5   80.8   80.9   80.9   80.8   81.0   81.1   80.7   81.1   81.1 |  80.3   80.9   81.0   81.0 |   80.8 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2008           |  81.0   80.7   80.4   79.8   79.3   79.1   78.7   77.4   73.9   74.7   73.7   71.6 |  80.7   79.4   76.7   73.3 |   77.5 
  2009           |  69.7   69.2   67.9   67.3   66.5   66.3   67.1   67.9   68.5   68.8   69.2   69.6 |  68.9   66.7   67.8   69.2 |   68.2 
  2010           |  70.4   70.8   71.4   71.8   73.0   73.4   73.8   74.2   74.5   74.4   74.5   75.3 |  70.9   72.7   74.2   74.8 |   73.1 
  2011           |  75.2   74.9   75.8   75.5   75.6   75.8   76.2   76.5   76.4   76.8   76.7   77.0 |  75.3   75.6   76.4   76.8 |   76.0 
  2012           |  77.3   77.4   76.9   77.3   77.3   77.1   77.2   76.8   76.6   76.7   77.0   77.1 |  77.2   77.3   76.9   76.9 |   77.1 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2013           |  76.9   77.2   77.5   77.3   77.3   77.3   77.0   77.4   77.8   77.6   77.7   77.8 |  77.2   77.3   77.4   77.7 |   77.4 
  2014           |  77.5   78.0   78.7   78.7   78.9   79.1   79.2   79.0   79.1   79.0   79.5   79.4 |  78.1   78.9   79.1   79.3 |   78.8 
  2015           |  78.7   78.2   77.9   77.4   77.0   76.7   77.3   77.1   76.8   76.5   76.0   75.5 |  78.3   77.0   77.1   76.0 |   77.1 
  2016           |  76.0   75.6   75.0   75.3   75.1   75.4   75.5   75.4   75.3   75.3   74.9   75.4 |  75.6   75.3   75.4   75.2 |   75.4 
  2017           |  75.3   75.1   75.7   76.4   76.5   76.7   76.7   76.4   76.5   77.5   77.8   77.9 |  75.4   76.6   76.5   77.7 |   76.5 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2018           |  77.9   78.2   78.7   79.5   78.8   79.4   79.5   79.9   79.8   79.6   79.4   79.3 |  78.3   79.2   79.7   79.4 |   79.2 
  2019           |  78.7   78.2   78.2   77.6   77.7   77.5   77.2   77.6   77.3   76.6   76.9   76.6 |  78.4   77.6   77.3   76.7 |   77.5 
  2020           |  76.2   76.4   73.4   63.2   64.5   68.6   71.4   72.2   72.0   72.8   73.1   74.0 |  75.3   65.4   71.9   73.3 |   71.5 
  2021           |  74.9   72.5   74.6   74.6   75.1   75.5   76.2   76.1   75.1                      |  74.0   75.1   75.8        |        
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      <1>  Selected high-technology industries are computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors and related electronic components.
      <2>  Quarterly percentage changes are at annual rates.  Annual percentage changes are calculated from annual averages.
 
 
 

 Table 14
 Historical Statistics for Industrial Production, Capacity, and Utilization: Manufacturing <1> Excluding Selected High-Technology Industries <2>
 Seasonally adjusted
 
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Year            |   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.    May   June   July   Aug.  Sept.   Oct.   Nov.   Dec.|     Q1     Q2     Q3     Q4|  Annual
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 IP (percent     |                                                                                    |                            |
 change) <3>     |                                                                                    |                            |
  1999           |   -.1     .5    -.4    -.1     .6    -.6     .0     .6    -.5    1.4     .4     .4 |    .8     .1     .0    6.9 |    1.3 
  2000           |   -.4    -.1     .3     .3    -.4     .0    -.3    -.9     .4    -.6    -.6    -.8 |    .3     .8   -3.8   -4.9 |     .7 
  2001           |   -.5    -.7    -.2    -.2    -.5    -.5    -.3    -.4    -.4    -.5    -.3     .1 |  -6.8   -4.4   -4.5   -4.2 |   -4.7 
  2002           |    .7    -.2     .7     .3     .5    1.0    -.2     .0     .0    -.4     .5    -.7 |   3.2    5.6    2.7   -1.1 |     .4 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2003           |    .7    -.3     .0    -.9    -.2     .3     .1    -.6     .8    -.1     .8    -.1 |    .8   -4.3     .2    2.8 |     .0 
  2004           |   -.2     .7    -.1     .4     .7    -.7    1.0     .4    -.1     .9    -.1     .7 |   1.5    3.2    3.8    4.9 |    2.0 
  2005           |    .5     .8    -.6     .3     .2     .1    -.5     .4   -1.3    1.3     .8     .0 |   5.1    1.4   -2.0    4.7 |    3.1 
  2006           |    .8    -.4     .0     .4    -.4     .2    -.4     .6     .0    -.6     .1    1.5 |   3.2    -.1    -.1     .6 |    1.5 
  2007           |   -.5     .2     .6     .5     .0     .5    -.1    -.4     .2    -.5     .3     .0 |   3.5    4.5     .3   -1.1 |    1.8 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2008           |   -.3    -.9    -.6   -1.1    -.7    -.7   -1.0   -1.3   -3.5    -.4   -2.3   -3.2 |  -4.1   -9.7  -14.0  -20.8 |   -5.9 
  2009           |  -3.3    -.2   -2.0    -.8   -1.2    -.3    1.6    1.1     .9     .0    1.0    -.2 | -24.7  -11.6    8.5    6.5 |  -13.9 
  2010           |    .9    -.3    1.2     .8    1.3     .0     .5     .0     .0     .0     .0     .3 |   5.2    9.6    3.7     .7 |    5.1 
  2011           |    .0     .2     .7    -.6     .0     .1     .6     .4     .3     .5    -.2     .6 |   2.3    -.1    4.2    3.8 |    2.5 
  2012           |    .9     .3    -.6     .5    -.4     .2    -.2    -.1    -.3    -.3     .7     .7 |   4.9    -.1   -1.5     .6 |    2.3 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2013           |   -.3     .4    -.1    -.4     .3     .1    -.9     .9     .1     .1     .0    -.2 |   2.5    -.4    -.4    1.3 |     .5 
  2014           |  -1.1     .9     .8    -.1     .2     .3     .5    -.7     .0    -.1     .7    -.2 |  -1.4    4.2    1.4     .1 |     .8 
  2015           |   -.5    -.8     .4    -.1     .0    -.4     .9    -.5    -.3    -.1    -.3    -.4 |  -3.4    -.9     .7   -3.0 |    -.7 
  2016           |    .5    -.4    -.1    -.2    -.1     .2     .2    -.5     .1     .1    -.1     .0 |   -.5   -1.5    -.2    -.4 |   -1.0 
  2017           |    .3    -.1    -.3    1.1    -.1     .0    -.2    -.3     .0    1.0     .0    -.3 |    .3    2.8   -1.9    3.1 |     .4 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2018           |   -.4     .9     .1     .6    -.8     .5     .2     .2     .0    -.5    -.4     .2 |    .4    2.4    1.5   -2.2 |    1.1 
  2019           |   -.8    -.6    -.1    -.8     .1     .2    -.5     .5    -.6    -.7     .7     .0 |  -4.6   -3.7    -.8   -2.2 |   -2.2 
  2020           |   -.2     .0   -4.6  -16.3    4.8    7.5    4.1    1.6     .0    1.4     .6     .6 |  -6.1  -45.7   57.5   10.8 |   -7.0 
  2021           |   1.5   -3.8    3.5    -.3     .8    -.3    1.8    -.4    -.8                      |   2.5    4.7    5.4        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 IP              |                                                                                    |                            |
 (2017 = 100)    |                                                                                    |                            |
  2019           | 100.3   99.7   99.6   98.8   98.9   99.1   98.6   99.1   98.5   97.7   98.4   98.4 |  99.9   98.9   98.7   98.2 |   98.9 
  2020           |  98.2   98.1   93.6   78.4   82.2   88.3   91.9   93.4   93.4   94.7   95.3   95.9 |  96.6   82.9   92.9   95.3 |   91.9 
  2021           |  97.3   93.6   96.8   96.6   97.4   97.1   98.8   98.4   97.7                      |  95.9   97.0   98.3        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Capacity        |                                                                                    |                            |
 (percent of     |                                                                                    |                            |
 2017 output)    |                                                                                    |                            |
  2019           | 130.4  130.4  130.4  130.4  130.4  130.4  130.4  130.3  130.3  130.2  130.1  130.0 | 130.4  130.4  130.3  130.1 |  130.3 
  2020           | 129.9  129.9  129.8  129.7  129.6  129.5  129.4  129.3  129.2  129.1  129.1  129.0 | 129.9  129.6  129.3  129.1 |  129.4 
  2021           | 129.0  128.9  128.9  128.9  128.9  128.9  128.9  128.9  128.9                      | 129.0  128.9  128.9        |        
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
 Utilization     |                                                                                    |                            |
 (percent)       |                                                                                    |                            |
  1999           |  80.7   80.9   80.3   80.1   80.3   79.7   79.5   79.8   79.2   80.2   80.4   80.6 |  80.6   80.0   79.5   80.4 |   80.1 
  2000           |  80.1   79.9   80.0   80.2   79.7   79.6   79.2   78.4   78.6   78.1   77.5   76.8 |  80.0   79.8   78.7   77.5 |   79.0 
  2001           |  76.3   75.8   75.5   75.3   74.8   74.4   74.1   73.8   73.4   73.0   72.8   72.9 |  75.9   74.8   73.8   72.9 |   74.3 
  2002           |  73.4   73.2   73.7   74.0   74.3   75.1   75.0   75.0   75.1   74.8   75.2   74.7 |  73.4   74.5   75.0   74.9 |   74.5 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2003           |  75.3   75.1   75.1   74.5   74.4   74.7   74.8   74.3   75.0   75.0   75.6   75.5 |  75.2   74.5   74.7   75.4 |   74.9 
  2004           |  75.4   76.0   76.0   76.3   76.9   76.4   77.1   77.5   77.4   78.1   78.1   78.6 |  75.8   76.5   77.3   78.3 |   77.0 
  2005           |  78.9   79.5   78.9   79.1   79.2   79.1   78.6   78.9   77.7   78.6   79.1   79.0 |  79.1   79.1   78.4   78.9 |   78.9 
  2006           |  79.5   79.0   78.9   79.0   78.6   78.6   78.2   78.6   78.4   77.9   77.8   78.9 |  79.2   78.8   78.4   78.2 |   78.6 
  2007           |  78.4   78.4   78.8   79.1   79.0   79.3   79.2   78.9   79.0   78.6   78.8   78.8 |  78.6   79.2   79.0   78.7 |   78.9 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2008           |  78.5   77.8   77.4   76.5   76.0   75.5   74.8   73.9   71.4   71.2   69.6   67.5 |  77.9   76.0   73.4   69.4 |   74.2 
  2009           |  65.4   65.3   64.1   63.7   63.1   63.0   64.2   65.0   65.7   65.9   66.7   66.7 |  64.9   63.3   65.0   66.4 |   64.9 
  2010           |  67.4   67.4   68.3   69.0   70.1   70.2   70.7   70.9   71.0   71.2   71.4   71.8 |  67.7   69.7   70.9   71.5 |   70.0 
  2011           |  71.9   72.2   72.8   72.5   72.6   72.7   73.2   73.5   73.7   74.1   73.9   74.4 |  72.3   72.6   73.5   74.1 |   73.1 
  2012           |  75.0   75.1   74.7   75.0   74.6   74.7   74.5   74.4   74.1   73.8   74.3   74.8 |  74.9   74.8   74.3   74.3 |   74.6 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2013           |  74.5   74.9   74.8   74.5   74.7   74.8   74.2   74.8   74.9   75.0   75.0   75.0 |  74.7   74.7   74.7   75.0 |   74.8 
  2014           |  74.2   74.9   75.6   75.6   75.8   76.1   76.5   76.1   76.2   76.2   76.8   76.7 |  74.9   75.8   76.3   76.5 |   75.9 
  2015           |  76.4   75.8   76.2   76.2   76.3   76.0   76.7   76.4   76.2   76.1   75.9   75.6 |  76.1   76.2   76.4   75.9 |   76.1 
  2016           |  76.0   75.7   75.6   75.4   75.3   75.4   75.5   75.1   75.2   75.3   75.3   75.3 |  75.7   75.4   75.3   75.3 |   75.4 
  2017           |  75.6   75.6   75.4   76.3   76.3   76.4   76.3   76.2   76.2   77.1   77.1   77.0 |  75.5   76.3   76.2   77.1 |   76.3 
                 |                                                                                    |                            |
  2018           |  76.7   77.5   77.6   78.1   77.4   77.8   78.0   78.1   78.1   77.7   77.4   77.5 |  77.3   77.8   78.0   77.5 |   77.7 
  2019           |  76.9   76.4   76.4   75.8   75.8   76.0   75.6   76.0   75.6   75.1   75.6   75.6 |  76.6   75.8   75.7   75.4 |   75.9 
  2020           |  75.5   75.6   72.1   60.4   63.4   68.2   71.0   72.2   72.3   73.4   73.8   74.3 |  74.4   64.0   71.9   73.8 |   71.0 
  2021           |  75.4   72.6   75.1   74.9   75.5   75.3   76.6   76.4   75.8                      |  74.4   75.3   76.3        |        
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      <1>  The composition of manufacturing is specified in a note for the summary table.
      <2>  Selected high-technology industries are computers, communications equipment, and semiconductors and related electronic components.
      <3>  Quarterly percentage changes are at annual rates.  Annual percentage changes are calculated from annual averages.
 
 
 

 Table 15
 Industrial Production: Reliability Estimates
 Seasonally adjusted
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         |    Annualized    |                                                      |
                                         |      Change      |                       2017=100                       |                 Percent change
                                         |------------------|------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------
                                         |    2021          |    2021                                              |   2021                                         
 Sector                                  |      Q2       Q3 |    Apr.      May     June     July     Aug.    Sept. |   Apr.     May    June    July    Aug.   Sept. 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         |                  |                                                      |
 Total index                             |                  |                                                      |
     85th percentile                     |    6.64     5.34 |   99.24    99.98   100.54   101.62   101.71   100.43 |    .08     .75     .60    1.16     .24    -.88 
     Current estimate                    |    6.42     4.29 |   99.24    99.93   100.42   101.41   101.32   100.02 |    .08     .69     .50     .98    -.09   -1.29 
     15th percentile                     |    6.24     3.48 |   99.24    99.89   100.34   101.25   101.07    99.63 |    .08     .65     .42     .88    -.33   -1.65 
                                         |                  |                                                      |
    Manufacturing (SIC)                  |                  |                                                      |
        85th percentile                  |    5.28     6.33 |   97.57    98.46    98.26    99.98    99.73    99.10 |   -.21     .91    -.18    1.82    -.17    -.46 
        Current estimate                 |    4.99     5.27 |   97.57    98.40    98.12    99.78    99.43    98.68 |   -.21     .85    -.28    1.69    -.36    -.75 
        15th percentile                  |    4.82     4.26 |   97.57    98.34    98.03    99.59    99.16    98.28 |   -.21     .79    -.38    1.58    -.51   -1.05 
                                         |                  |                                                      |
    Mining                               |                  |                                                      |
        85th percentile                  |   22.39     3.29 |  104.92   106.70   107.00   107.98   107.68   105.50 |   -.49    1.69     .38    1.16     .02   -1.30 
        Current estimate                 |   21.82     -.17 |  104.92   106.59   106.73   107.47   106.52   104.12 |   -.49    1.59     .13     .70    -.89   -2.25 
        15th percentile                  |   21.36    -3.10 |  104.92   106.45   106.40   106.96   105.44   102.70 |   -.49    1.45    -.15     .34   -1.62   -3.16 
                                         |                  |                                                      |
    Electric and gas utilities           |                  |                                                      |
        85th percentile                  |     .53     8.51 |  101.66   100.29   106.48   103.72   107.78   104.08 |   2.70   -1.35    6.18   -2.48    4.50   -1.64 
        Current estimate                 |     .43     3.54 |  101.66   100.28   106.42   103.12   105.85   102.08 |   2.70   -1.36    6.13   -3.10    2.65   -3.56 
        15th percentile                  |     .27     1.50 |  101.66   100.26   106.33   102.87   104.69   100.96 |   2.70   -1.38    6.03   -3.33    1.27   -5.28 
                                         |                  |                                                      |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Note.  The reliability measures show the likely range of values for the IP indexes after their fifth and final monthly
 revision.  The 15th (85th) percentile estimate is equal to the current estimate plus an amount such that the
 equivalent measure revised by a lower (higher) amount for only 15 percent of the months since 2008.  More
 information is available at www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17/g17_technical_qa.htm#reliability.
 
 
 
 
 Explanatory Note

 
 The Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization statistical release,
 which is published around the middle of the month, reports measures of
 output, capacity, and capacity utilization in manufacturing, mining, and
 the electric and gas utilities industries.  More detailed descriptions of
 industrial production and capacity utilization are available on the Board's
 website at www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17. In addition, files
 containing data shown in the release, more detailed series
 that were published in the G.17 prior to December 2000, and
 historical data are available from the Data Download Program on the Board's website.
 Instructions for searching for and downloading specific series are provided as well.
  
 Industrial Production
 
 Coverage. The industrial production (IP) index measures the real
 output of the manufacturing, mining, and electric and gas utilities
 industries; the reference period for the index is 2017.
 Manufacturing consists of those industries included in the North American Industry
 Classification System, or NAICS, definition of manufacturing plus
 those industries- logging and newspaper, periodical, book, and directory
 publishing-that have traditionally been considered to
 be manufacturing and included in the industrial sector.
 For the period since 2012, the total IP index has
 been constructed from 296 individual series based on the 2017 NAICS
 codes. These individual series are classified in two ways: (1) market
 groups, and (2) industry groups.  Market groups consist of products
 and materials.  Total products are the aggregate of final products,
 such as consumer goods and equipment, and nonindustrial supplies
 (which are inputs to nonindustrial sectors).  Materials are inputs in
 the manufacture of products.  Major industry groups include
 three-digit NAICS industries and aggregates of these industries-for
 example, durable and nondurable manufacturing, mining, and utilities.
 A complete description of the market and industry structures,
 including details regarding series classification, relative importance
 weights, and data sources, is available on the Board's website at 
 www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/About.htm.
  
 Source Data. On a monthly basis, the individual indexes of industrial
 production are constructed from two main types of source data: (1) output
 measured in physical units and (2) data on inputs to the production
 process, from which output is inferred.  Data on physical products, such as
 tons of steel or barrels of oil, are typically obtained from private trade associations
 and from government agencies; data of this type are used to estimate
 monthly IP wherever possible and appropriate.  Production indexes for a
 few industries are derived by dividing estimated nominal output
 (calculated using unit production and unit values or sales) by a
 corresponding Fisher price index; the most notable of these fall within the
 high-technology grouping and include semiconductors.  When suitable data on physical
 product are not available, estimates of output are based on production-worker
 hours by industry.  Data on hours worked by production workers are
 collected in the monthly establishment survey conducted by the Bureau of
 Labor Statistics.  The factors used to convert inputs into estimates of
 production are based on historical relationships between the inputs and the
 comprehensive annual data used to benchmark the IP indexes; these
 factors also may be influenced by technological or cyclical developments.
 The annual data used in benchmarking the individual IP indexes are
 constructed from a variety of source data, such as the quinquennial
 Censuses of Manufactures and Mineral Industries and the Annual Survey
 of Manufactures, prepared by the Bureau of the Census; the Minerals
 Yearbook, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey of the
 Department of the Interior; and publications of the Department of Energy.
  
 Aggregation Methodology and Weights.  The aggregation method for
 the IP index is a version of the Fisher-ideal index formula.  (For a detailed
 discussion of the aggregation method, see the Federal Reserve Bulletin
 February 1997 and March 2001.)  In the IP index, series that measure the
 output of an individual industry are combined using weights derived from
 their proportion in the total value-added output of all industries.  The IP
 index, which extends back to 1919, is built as a chain-type index since
 1972.  The current formula for the growth in monthly IP (or any of the
 sub-aggregates) since 1972 is the geometric mean of the change in output
 (I), and, as can be seen below, is computed using the unit value added
 estimate for the current month (p_m) and the estimate for previous month:
 
 %     Equation not available in ascii file. 
  
 The IP proportions (typically shown in the first column of the relevant
 tables in the monthly G.17 release) are estimates of the industries' relative
 contributions to overall growth in the following year.  For example, the
 relative importance weight of the motor vehicles and parts industry is
 about 6 percent.  If output in this industry increased 10 percent in a month,
 then this gain would boost growth in total IP by 6/10 percentage point
 (0.06 x 10% = 0.6%).  To assist users with calculations, the Federal
 Reserve's website provides supplemental monthly statistics that represent
 the exact proportionate contribution of a monthly change in a component
 index to the monthly change in the total index (www.federalreserve.gov/
 releases/G17/ipdisk/ipweightssa.txt).
 
 Timing. The first estimate of output for a month is published
 around the 15th of the following month. The estimate is preliminary
 (denoted by the superscript "p" in tables) and subject to revision
 in each of the subsequent five months as new source data become
 available. (Revised estimates are denoted by the superscript "r" in
 tables.)  For the first estimate of output for a given month, about 74
 percent of the source data (in value-added terms) are available; the
 fraction of available source data increases to 83 percent for 
 estimates in the second month that the estimate is published, 93
 percent in the third month, 97 percent in the fourth month, 98 percent
 in the fifth month, and 98 percent in the sixth month. Data
 availability by data type in 2020 is summarized in the table
 below:
 
   Availability of Monthly IP Data in Publication Window
   (Percent of value added in 2020; the numbers may not sum because of rounding.)  %
      Type of data                1st  2nd  3rd  4th  5th  6th 
       Physical product            31   40   50   54   55   55
       Production-worker hours     43   43   43   43   43   43
       IP data received            74   83   93   97   98   98
       IP data estimated           26   17   7    3    2    2
 
 The physical product group includes series based on either monthly or
 quarterly data.  As can be seen in the first row of the table, in the
 first month, a physical product indicator is available for more than one-half
 of the series (in terms of value added) that ultimately are based on
 physical product data (31 percent out of a total of 55 percent).  Of
 the 31 percent, about three-quarters (26 percent of total IP) include
 series that are derived from weekly physical product data and for
 which actual monthly data may lag up to several months.  On average,
 quarterly product data are received for the fourth estimate of
 industrial production.  Specifically, quarterly data are available for
 the third estimate of the last month of a quarter, the fourth estimate
 of the second month of a quarter, and the fifth estimate of the first
 month of a quarter.
 
 Seasonal Adjustment. Individual series are seasonally adjusted
 using Census X-13 ARIMA. For series based on production-worker hours,
 the current seasonal factors were estimated with data through January 2021;
 for other series, the factors were estimated with data through
 at least December 2020.  Series are pre-adjusted for the effects of
 holidays or the business cycle when appropriate.  For the data since
 1972, all seasonally adjusted aggregate indexes are calculated by
 aggregating the seasonally adjusted indexes of the individual series.
 Additional documentation and X-13 specifications can be found on the Board's
 website at www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/About.htm.
 
 Reliability.  The average revision to the level of the
 total IP index, without regard to sign, between the first and the
 fourth estimates was 0.29 percent during the 1987-2020 period.  The
 average revision to the percent change in total IP, without
 regard to sign, from the first to the fourth estimates was 0.23
 percentage point during the 1987-2020 period.  In most cases (about
 86 percent), the direction of the change in output indicated by the
 first estimate for a given month is the same as that shown by the
 fourth estimate.
 
 Rounding.  The published percent changes are calculated from
 unrounded indexes, and may not be the same as percent changes
 calculated from the rounded indexes shown in the release.
 
 Capacity Utilization
 
 Overview.  The Federal Reserve Board constructs estimates of
 capacity and capacity utilization for industries in manufacturing,
 mining, and electric and gas utilities.  For a given industry, the
 capacity utilization rate is equal to an output index (seasonally
 adjusted) divided by a capacity index.  The Federal Reserve Board's
 capacity indexes attempt to capture the concept of sustainable
   maximum output-the greatest level of output a plant can maintain
 within the framework of a realistic work schedule, after factoring in
 normal downtime and assuming sufficient availability of inputs to
 operate the capital in place.
 
 Coverage.  Capacity indexes are constructed for 89 detailed
 industries (71 in manufacturing, 16 in mining, and 2 in utilities),
 which mostly correspond to industries at the three- and four-digit
 North American Industry Classification System, or NAICS, level.
 Estimates of capacity and utilization are available for a variety of groups, 
 including durable and nondurable manufacturing, total manufacturing, 
 mining, utilities, and total industry.  Manufacturing consists of those 
 industries included in the NAICS definition of manufacturing plus 
 those industries-logging and newspaper, periodical, book, and directory
 publishing-that have traditionally been considered to be manufacturing
 and included in the industrial sector.  Also, special aggregates are available,
 such as high-technology industries and manufacturing excluding high-technology industries.
 
 Source Data.  The monthly rates of capacity utilization are
 designed to be consistent with both the monthly data on production and
 the periodically available data on capacity and utilization.  Because
 there is no direct monthly information on overall industrial capacity
 or utilization rates, the Federal Reserve first estimates annual
 capacity indexes from the source data.  Capacity data reported in
 physical units from government sources (primarily from the
 U.S. Geological Survey and the Department of Energy's Energy
 Information Administration) and trade sources are available for
 portions of several industries in manufacturing (for example, paper,
 industrial chemicals, petroleum refining, motor vehicles), as well as
 for electric utilities and mining; these industries represent about 26
 percent of total industrial capacity.  When physical product data are
 unavailable for manufacturing industries, capacity indexes are based
 on responses to the Bureau of the Census's Quarterly Survey of
   Plant Capacity (QSPC); these industries account for about
 68 percent of total industry capacity.  In the absence of utilization
 data for a few mining and petroleum series, capacity is based on
 trends through peaks in production (roughly 6 percent of total
 industry capacity).  A detailed description of the methodology used to
 construct the capacity indexes is available on the Board's website
 (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/Meth/MethCap.htm).
 
 Aggregation Methodology.  Monthly capacity aggregates are
 calculated in three steps: (1) utilization aggregates are calculated
 on an annual basis through the most recent full year as
 capacity-weighted aggregates of individual utilization rates; (2) the
 annual aggregate capacity is derived from the corresponding production
 and utilization aggregates; (3) the monthly capacity aggregate is
 obtained by interpolating with a Fisher index of its constituent monthly
 capacity series.  Utilization rates for the individual series and aggregates
 are calculated by dividing the pertinent monthly production index by the
 related capacity index.
 
 Consistency.  A major aim is that the Federal Reserve
 utilization rates be consistent over time so that, for example, a rate
 of 85 percent means about the same degree of tightness that it meant
 in the past.  A major task for the Federal Reserve in developing
 reasonable and consistent time series of capacity and utilization is
 dealing with inconsistencies between the movements of the industrial
 production index and the survey-based utilization rates.  The
 McGraw-Hill/DRI Survey, now discontinued, was the primary source of
 manufacturing utilization rates for many years.  This survey of
 large companies reported, on average, higher utilization rates
 than those reported by establishments covered by the
 annual Survey of Plant Capacity (the primary source of factory
 operating rates through 2006, after which it was discontinued) 
 for the fourteen years they overlapped.  Adjustments have been made to 
 keep the industry utilization rates currently reported by the Federal
 Reserve (now based on the QSPC) roughly in line with rates formerly
 reported by McGraw-Hill.  As a consequence, the rates reported by the
 Federal Reserve tend to be higher than the rates reported in the
 Census utilization surveys.
 
 Perspective.  Over the 1972-2020 period, the average total
 industry utilization rate was 79.6 percent; for manufacturing, the
 average factory operating rate was 78.3 percent.  Industrial
 plants usually operate at capacity utilization rates that are well
 below 100 percent: none of the broad aggregates has ever reached 100
 percent.  For total manufacturing, utilization rates have exceeded 
 90 percent only in wartime.  The highs and lows in capacity utilization 
 are specific to each series and do not all occur in the same month.
 
 References and Release Dates
 
 References.  The release for the annual revision that was published
 on May 28, 2021, is available on the Board's website (www.federal
 reserve.gov/releases/g17/revisions/Current/DefaultRev.htm).  
 A summary of the annual revision that incorporated back to 1972
 production and capacity indexes reclassified according to the North American
 Industry Classification System is available in an article in the
 Federal Reserve Bulletin, vol. 89 (April 2003), pp. 151-176.
 A description of the aggregation methods for industrial production and
 capacity utilization is included in an article in the Federal Reserve
 Bulletin, vol.  83 (February 1997), pp. 67-92.  The Federal Reserve
 methodology for constructing industry-level measures of capital is detailed
 in "Capital Stock Estimates for Manufacturing Industries: Methods and
 Data" by Mike Mohr and Charles Gilbert (1996), which can be obtained
 at www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17/CapitalStockDocLatest.pdf.
 
 Industrial Production-1986 Edition contains a more detailed
 description of the other methods used to compile the industrial
 production index, plus a history of its development, a glossary of
 terms, and a bibliography.  The major revisions to the IP indexes and
 capacity utilization since 1990 have been described in the 
 Federal Reserve Bulletin (April 1990, June 1990, June 1993, March
 1994, January 1995, January 1996, February 1997, February 1998,
 January 1999, March 2000, March 2001, March 2002, April 2003, Winter
 2004, Winter 2005, March 2006, May 2007, August 2008, August 2009) or
 in online staff studies
 (www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17/articles/rev2010/industrial10.pdf, 
 www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17/articles/rev2012/industrial12.pdf,
 www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17/articles/rev2013/industrial13.pdf).
 
 Release Schedule
 
 The G.17 release on Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization is published at 9:15 a.m. on:
 
 2021: January 15, February 17, March 16, April 15, May 14, June 15,
 July 15, August 17, September 15, October 18, November 16, December
 16.
 
 2022: January 14, February 16, March 17, April 15, May 17, June 17, 
 July 15, August 16, September 15, October 18, November 16, December 
 15
 
 This release schedule is available on the Board's website at
 http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g17.