Accessible Version
High-frequency Spending Responses to the Earned Income Tax Credit Accessible Data
Figure 1: Weekly Issuance of Federal Tax Refunds with and without EITC
Refunds (billion dollars)
With EITC / Without EITC
Year | Week | Total Refund Amount | Type |
---|---|---|---|
2014 | 1 | 44365331 | EITC |
2014 | 2 | 19791926 | EITC |
2014 | 5 | 45627842 | EITC |
2014 | 6 | 8.08E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 7 | 3.92E+10 | EITC |
2014 | 8 | 1.6E+10 | EITC |
2014 | 9 | 1.38E+10 | EITC |
2014 | 10 | 8.32E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 11 | 6.04E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 12 | 4.56E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 13 | 3.82E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 14 | 3.22E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 15 | 2.87E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 16 | 2.94E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 17 | 3.38E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 18 | 1.75E+09 | EITC |
2014 | 19 | 9.22E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 20 | 6.42E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 21 | 5E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 22 | 2.73E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 23 | 4.93E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 24 | 3.41E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 25 | 3.12E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 26 | 2.64E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 27 | 1.58E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 28 | 2.36E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 29 | 2.39E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 30 | 1.9E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 31 | 1.68E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 32 | 1.58E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 33 | 1.51E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 34 | 1.36E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 35 | 1.33E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 36 | 76403337 | EITC |
2014 | 37 | 1.49E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 38 | 1.15E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 39 | 1.27E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 40 | 1.12E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 41 | 1.14E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 42 | 82058741 | EITC |
2014 | 43 | 3.41E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 44 | 2.53E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 45 | 1.62E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 46 | 63753852 | EITC |
2014 | 47 | 1.65E+08 | EITC |
2014 | 48 | 36091708 | EITC |
2014 | 49 | 89053560 | EITC |
2014 | 50 | 69848136 | EITC |
2014 | 51 | 56463958 | EITC |
2014 | 52 | 17303521 | EITC |
2015 | 1 | 35118362 | EITC |
2015 | 2 | 20836757 | EITC |
2015 | 5 | 8.38E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 6 | 1.84E+10 | EITC |
2015 | 7 | 2.26E+10 | EITC |
2015 | 8 | 1.35E+10 | EITC |
2015 | 9 | 1.3E+10 | EITC |
2015 | 10 | 7.76E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 11 | 5.73E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 12 | 4.68E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 13 | 3.86E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 14 | 3.3E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 15 | 2.93E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 16 | 2.79E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 17 | 3.8E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 18 | 1.98E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 19 | 1.04E+09 | EITC |
2015 | 20 | 7.13E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 21 | 5.98E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 22 | 3.44E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 23 | 5.2E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 24 | 3.61E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 25 | 3.09E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 26 | 2.83E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 27 | 1.74E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 28 | 2.46E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 29 | 2.71E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 30 | 1.89E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 31 | 1.72E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 32 | 1.61E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 33 | 1.55E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 34 | 1.43E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 35 | 1.48E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 36 | 1.43E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 37 | 79125008 | EITC |
2015 | 38 | 1.5E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 39 | 1.2E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 40 | 1.11E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 41 | 1.16E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 42 | 82551480 | EITC |
2015 | 43 | 3.23E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 44 | 2.48E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 45 | 1.74E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 46 | 75705487 | EITC |
2015 | 47 | 1.77E+08 | EITC |
2015 | 48 | 39015099 | EITC |
2015 | 49 | 95174652 | EITC |
2015 | 50 | 65591042 | EITC |
2015 | 51 | 56719268 | EITC |
2015 | 52 | 23427944 | EITC |
2016 | 1 | 41998930 | EITC |
2016 | 2 | 32643092 | EITC |
2016 | 5 | 4.46E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 6 | 6.85E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 7 | 3.57E+10 | EITC |
2016 | 8 | 1.58E+10 | EITC |
2016 | 9 | 1.36E+10 | EITC |
2016 | 10 | 8.69E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 11 | 6.32E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 12 | 4.96E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 13 | 3.99E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 14 | 3.31E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 15 | 2.89E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 16 | 2.8E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 17 | 3.16E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 18 | 3.33E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 19 | 1.61E+09 | EITC |
2016 | 20 | 8.8E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 21 | 7.04E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 22 | 5.86E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 23 | 3.57E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 24 | 5.27E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 25 | 3.96E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 26 | 3.71E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 27 | 2.98E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 28 | 1.71E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 29 | 2.52E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 30 | 2.22E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 31 | 1.89E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 32 | 1.61E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 33 | 1.51E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 34 | 1.41E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 35 | 1.46E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 36 | 1.25E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 37 | 68039680 | EITC |
2016 | 38 | 1.43E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 39 | 1.14E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 40 | 1.17E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 41 | 1.1E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 42 | 70535743 | EITC |
2016 | 43 | 1.82E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 44 | 3.46E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 45 | 2.42E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 46 | 82764459 | EITC |
2016 | 47 | 1.34E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 48 | 1.02E+08 | EITC |
2016 | 49 | 85201312 | EITC |
2016 | 50 | 74668913 | EITC |
2016 | 51 | 60486324 | EITC |
2016 | 52 | 50599874 | EITC |
2016 | 53 | 22479584 | EITC |
2017 | 1 | 33635158 | EITC |
2017 | 4 | 0 | EITC |
2017 | 5 | 82299933 | EITC |
2017 | 6 | 45348973 | EITC |
2017 | 7 | 38841029 | EITC |
2017 | 8 | 5.86E+10 | EITC |
2017 | 9 | 1.16E+10 | EITC |
2017 | 10 | 8.68E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 11 | 6.27E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 12 | 4.71E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 13 | 3.93E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 14 | 3.48E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 15 | 3.19E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 16 | 3.34E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 17 | 3.65E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 18 | 1.82E+09 | EITC |
2017 | 19 | 9.66E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 20 | 7.02E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 21 | 5.55E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 22 | 3.42E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 23 | 5.5E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 24 | 3.51E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 25 | 3.41E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 26 | 2.93E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 27 | 1.94E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 28 | 3.22E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 29 | 1.92E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 30 | 2.11E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 31 | 2.01E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 32 | 1.83E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 33 | 1.71E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 34 | 1.77E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 35 | 1.42E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 36 | 86141620 | EITC |
2017 | 37 | 1.45E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 38 | 1.18E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 39 | 1.23E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 40 | 1.15E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 41 | 79284145 | EITC |
2017 | 42 | 2E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 43 | 3.66E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 44 | 2.02E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 45 | 82701421 | EITC |
2017 | 46 | 1.2E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 47 | 97881169 | EITC |
2017 | 48 | 1.08E+08 | EITC |
2017 | 49 | 63367974 | EITC |
2017 | 50 | 53086093 | EITC |
2017 | 51 | 42561748 | EITC |
2017 | 52 | 22910368 | EITC |
2014 | 1 | 2.29E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 2 | 1.36E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 5 | 1.55E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 6 | 4.1E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 7 | 2.02E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 8 | 1.22E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 9 | 1.64E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 10 | 1.27E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 11 | 1.13E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 12 | 1.01E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 13 | 1.02E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 14 | 1.01E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 15 | 1.05E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 16 | 1.22E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 17 | 1.5E+10 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 18 | 8.29E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 19 | 3.5E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 20 | 2.38E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 21 | 1.72E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 22 | 8.17E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 23 | 1.4E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 24 | 9.11E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 25 | 8.09E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 26 | 7.51E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 27 | 4.52E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 28 | 6.86E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 29 | 7.75E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 30 | 5.32E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 31 | 4.84E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 32 | 4.74E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 33 | 4.84E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 34 | 4.75E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 35 | 4.83E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 36 | 2.87E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 37 | 6.74E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 38 | 4.79E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 39 | 5.72E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 40 | 5.95E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 41 | 6.25E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 42 | 5.42E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 43 | 2.17E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 44 | 3.01E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 45 | 1.56E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 46 | 9.49E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 47 | 2.49E+09 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 48 | 2.47E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 49 | 6.58E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 50 | 7.14E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 51 | 4.93E+08 | Total - EITC |
2014 | 52 | 63424933 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 1 | 1.83E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 2 | 1.1E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 5 | 2.36E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 6 | 8.11E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 7 | 1.43E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 8 | 1.17E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 9 | 1.65E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 10 | 1.24E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 11 | 1.1E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 12 | 1.03E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 13 | 1.01E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 14 | 9.91E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 15 | 1.01E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 16 | 1.12E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 17 | 1.57E+10 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 18 | 8.55E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 19 | 3.73E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 20 | 2.53E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 21 | 1.92E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 22 | 1.03E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 23 | 1.52E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 24 | 9.33E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 25 | 8.16E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 26 | 7.17E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 27 | 4.54E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 28 | 6.56E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 29 | 7.69E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 30 | 5.29E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 31 | 4.95E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 32 | 4.96E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 33 | 5.05E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 34 | 5.16E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 35 | 5.02E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 36 | 5.16E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 37 | 2.9E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 38 | 6.32E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 39 | 5.07E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 40 | 5.06E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 41 | 5.88E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 42 | 5.23E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 43 | 2E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 44 | 2.24E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 45 | 2.09E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 46 | 1.21E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 47 | 2.65E+09 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 48 | 3.58E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 49 | 9.17E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 50 | 8.69E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 51 | 5.21E+08 | Total - EITC |
2015 | 52 | 1.12E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 1 | 2.72E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 2 | 2.69E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 5 | 5.62E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 6 | 5.41E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 7 | 1.71E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 8 | 1.23E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 9 | 1.67E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 10 | 1.3E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 11 | 1.16E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 12 | 1.07E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 13 | 1E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 14 | 9.65E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 15 | 9.84E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 16 | 1.08E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 17 | 1.37E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 18 | 1.35E+10 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 19 | 6.45E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 20 | 3.53E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 21 | 2.52E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 22 | 1.75E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 23 | 9.63E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 24 | 1.56E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 25 | 1.06E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 26 | 1.04E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 27 | 8.85E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 28 | 4.11E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 29 | 9.58E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 30 | 7.76E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 31 | 6.94E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 32 | 6.05E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 33 | 6E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 34 | 5.75E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 35 | 6E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 36 | 6.05E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 37 | 3.29E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 38 | 7.21E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 39 | 5.57E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 40 | 6.57E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 41 | 6.66E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 42 | 5.27E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 43 | 1.56E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 44 | 2.6E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 45 | 3.89E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 46 | 1.27E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 47 | 1.86E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 48 | 1.5E+09 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 49 | 9.65E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 50 | 7.94E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 51 | 4.94E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 52 | 3.3E+08 | Total - EITC |
2016 | 53 | 86030491 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 1 | 2.08E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 4 | 4.34E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 5 | 5.14E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 6 | 1.12E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 7 | 1.52E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 8 | 1.18E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 9 | 1.62E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 10 | 1.32E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 11 | 1.18E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 12 | 1.12E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 13 | 1.1E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 14 | 1.21E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 15 | 1.23E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 16 | 1.48E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 17 | 1.58E+10 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 18 | 6.58E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 19 | 3.79E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 20 | 2.56E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 21 | 1.73E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 22 | 9.07E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 23 | 1.69E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 24 | 9.76E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 25 | 1.11E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 26 | 8.84E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 27 | 5.36E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 28 | 9.8E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 29 | 6.59E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 30 | 7.03E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 31 | 6.37E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 32 | 5.99E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 33 | 5.75E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 34 | 5.91E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 35 | 5.59E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 36 | 3.31E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 37 | 7.16E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 38 | 6.49E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 39 | 6.96E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 40 | 7.02E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 41 | 5.92E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 42 | 1.83E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 43 | 3.24E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 44 | 2.89E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 45 | 1.39E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 46 | 1.87E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 47 | 1.58E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 48 | 1.52E+09 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 49 | 6.05E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 50 | 5.08E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 51 | 3.33E+08 | Total - EITC |
2017 | 52 | 94044898 | Total - EITC |
Note: Peak issuance occurred in the week of Friday, February 23rd in 2017, two weeks later than the peak in earlier years.
Source: Internal Revenue Service: Research, Applied Analytics, & Statistics.
Figure 2: Fraction of Federal Tax Returns with the EITC by State in 2016
State | Fraction of EITC Returns |
---|---|
AK | 0.12 |
AL | 0.26 |
AR | 0.25 |
AZ | 0.21 |
CA | 0.19 |
CO | 0.14 |
CT | 0.13 |
DC | 0.16 |
DE | 0.17 |
FL | 0.23 |
GA | 0.26 |
HI | 0.16 |
IA | 0.15 |
ID | 0.19 |
IL | 0.17 |
IN | 0.18 |
KS | 0.16 |
KY | 0.22 |
LA | 0.27 |
MA | 0.12 |
MD | 0.15 |
ME | 0.16 |
MI | 0.18 |
MN | 0.13 |
MO | 0.19 |
MS | 0.32 |
MT | 0.16 |
NC | 0.22 |
ND | 0.11 |
NE | 0.15 |
NH | 0.11 |
NJ | 0.14 |
NM | 0.24 |
NV | 0.20 |
NY | 0.19 |
OH | 0.18 |
OK | 0.22 |
OR | 0.16 |
PA | 0.16 |
RI | 0.17 |
SC | 0.24 |
SD | 0.15 |
TN | 0.23 |
TX | 0.23 |
UT | 0.16 |
VA | 0.16 |
VT | 0.14 |
WA | 0.14 |
WI | 0.14 |
WV | 0.20 |
WY | 0.14 |
Source: Internal Revenue Service.
Figure 3: Daily Spending at Retail Stores and Restaurants, 2014 to 2017
Index, Seven-Day Trailing Average
Date | Value | Year | Day | IRS Refunds |
---|---|---|---|---|
1/10/2014 | 8.33E+09 | 2014 | 1 | 0 |
1/11/2014 | 7.6E+09 | 2014 | 2 | 0 |
1/12/2014 | 5.62E+09 | 2014 | 3 | 0 |
1/13/2014 | 7.1E+09 | 2014 | 4 | 0 |
1/14/2014 | 7.33E+09 | 2014 | 5 | 0 |
1/15/2014 | 7.39E+09 | 2014 | 6 | 0 |
1/16/2014 | 7.85E+09 | 2014 | 7 | 0 |
1/17/2014 | 8.62E+09 | 2014 | 8 | 0 |
1/18/2014 | 7.9E+09 | 2014 | 9 | 0 |
1/19/2014 | 5.79E+09 | 2014 | 10 | 0 |
1/20/2014 | 7.32E+09 | 2014 | 11 | 0 |
1/21/2014 | 6.66E+09 | 2014 | 12 | 0 |
1/22/2014 | 6.78E+09 | 2014 | 13 | 0 |
1/23/2014 | 7.7E+09 | 2014 | 14 | 0 |
1/24/2014 | 8.28E+09 | 2014 | 15 | 0 |
1/25/2014 | 7.71E+09 | 2014 | 16 | 0 |
1/26/2014 | 5.71E+09 | 2014 | 17 | 0 |
1/27/2014 | 7.09E+09 | 2014 | 18 | 0 |
1/28/2014 | 6.81E+09 | 2014 | 19 | 0 |
1/29/2014 | 7.12E+09 | 2014 | 20 | 0 |
1/30/2014 | 7.88E+09 | 2014 | 21 | 0 |
1/31/2014 | 9.16E+09 | 2014 | 22 | 0 |
2/1/2014 | 8.64E+09 | 2014 | 23 | 0 |
2/2/2014 | 5.81E+09 | 2014 | 24 | 0 |
2/3/2014 | 7.4E+09 | 2014 | 25 | 0 |
2/4/2014 | 7.34E+09 | 2014 | 26 | 0 |
2/5/2014 | 7.06E+09 | 2014 | 27 | 0 |
2/6/2014 | 8.06E+09 | 2014 | 28 | 0 |
2/7/2014 | 9.34E+09 | 2014 | 29 | 0 |
2/8/2014 | 8.56E+09 | 2014 | 30 | 0 |
2/9/2014 | 6.12E+09 | 2014 | 31 | 0 |
2/10/2014 | 8.2E+09 | 2014 | 32 | 0 |
2/11/2014 | 8.31E+09 | 2014 | 33 | 0 |
2/12/2014 | 8.47E+09 | 2014 | 34 | 0 |
2/13/2014 | 8.3E+09 | 2014 | 35 | 1 |
2/14/2014 | 1.04E+10 | 2014 | 36 | 0 |
2/15/2014 | 8.83E+09 | 2014 | 37 | 0 |
2/16/2014 | 6.54E+09 | 2014 | 38 | 0 |
2/17/2014 | 8.1E+09 | 2014 | 39 | 0 |
2/18/2014 | 7.65E+09 | 2014 | 40 | 0 |
2/19/2014 | 8.02E+09 | 2014 | 41 | 0 |
2/20/2014 | 8.49E+09 | 2014 | 42 | 0 |
2/21/2014 | 9.36E+09 | 2014 | 43 | 0 |
2/22/2014 | 9E+09 | 2014 | 44 | 0 |
2/23/2014 | 6.43E+09 | 2014 | 45 | 0 |
2/24/2014 | 7.81E+09 | 2014 | 46 | 0 |
2/25/2014 | 8.02E+09 | 2014 | 47 | 0 |
2/26/2014 | 8.11E+09 | 2014 | 48 | 0 |
2/27/2014 | 8.83E+09 | 2014 | 49 | 0 |
2/28/2014 | 1E+10 | 2014 | 50 | 0 |
3/1/2014 | 9.23E+09 | 2014 | 51 | 0 |
3/2/2014 | 6.2E+09 | 2014 | 52 | 0 |
3/3/2014 | 7.8E+09 | 2014 | 53 | 0 |
3/4/2014 | 8.18E+09 | 2014 | 54 | 0 |
3/5/2014 | 8.26E+09 | 2014 | 55 | 0 |
3/6/2014 | 8.47E+09 | 2014 | 56 | 0 |
3/7/2014 | 9.56E+09 | 2014 | 57 | 0 |
3/8/2014 | 8.88E+09 | 2014 | 58 | 0 |
3/9/2014 | 6.48E+09 | 2014 | 59 | 0 |
3/10/2014 | 8.28E+09 | 2014 | 60 | 0 |
3/11/2014 | 8.07E+09 | 2014 | 61 | 0 |
3/12/2014 | 7.85E+09 | 2014 | 62 | 0 |
3/13/2014 | 8.63E+09 | 2014 | 63 | 0 |
3/14/2014 | 9.9E+09 | 2014 | 64 | 0 |
3/15/2014 | 9.13E+09 | 2014 | 65 | 0 |
3/16/2014 | 6.37E+09 | 2014 | 66 | 0 |
3/17/2014 | 7.73E+09 | 2014 | 67 | 0 |
3/18/2014 | 7.98E+09 | 2014 | 68 | 0 |
3/19/2014 | 7.97E+09 | 2014 | 69 | 0 |
3/20/2014 | 8.62E+09 | 2014 | 70 | 0 |
1/9/2015 | 9.11E+09 | 2015 | 1 | 0 |
1/10/2015 | 8.48E+09 | 2015 | 2 | 0 |
1/11/2015 | 5.63E+09 | 2015 | 3 | 0 |
1/12/2015 | 7.5E+09 | 2015 | 4 | 0 |
1/13/2015 | 7.83E+09 | 2015 | 5 | 0 |
1/14/2015 | 7.93E+09 | 2015 | 6 | 0 |
1/15/2015 | 8.46E+09 | 2015 | 7 | 0 |
1/16/2015 | 9.47E+09 | 2015 | 8 | 0 |
1/17/2015 | 8.79E+09 | 2015 | 9 | 0 |
1/18/2015 | 5.62E+09 | 2015 | 10 | 0 |
1/19/2015 | 7.98E+09 | 2015 | 11 | 0 |
1/20/2015 | 7.52E+09 | 2015 | 12 | 0 |
1/21/2015 | 7.72E+09 | 2015 | 13 | 0 |
1/22/2015 | 8.1E+09 | 2015 | 14 | 0 |
1/23/2015 | 9.28E+09 | 2015 | 15 | 0 |
1/24/2015 | 8.3E+09 | 2015 | 16 | 0 |
1/25/2015 | 6.07E+09 | 2015 | 17 | 0 |
1/26/2015 | 7.63E+09 | 2015 | 18 | 0 |
1/27/2015 | 6.8E+09 | 2015 | 19 | 0 |
1/28/2015 | 7.71E+09 | 2015 | 20 | 0 |
1/29/2015 | 8.22E+09 | 2015 | 21 | 0 |
1/30/2015 | 1E+10 | 2015 | 22 | 0 |
1/31/2015 | 9.33E+09 | 2015 | 23 | 0 |
2/1/2015 | 5.88E+09 | 2015 | 24 | 0 |
2/2/2015 | 7.2E+09 | 2015 | 25 | 0 |
2/3/2015 | 8.37E+09 | 2015 | 26 | 0 |
2/4/2015 | 8.34E+09 | 2015 | 27 | 0 |
2/5/2015 | 8.69E+09 | 2015 | 28 | 0 |
2/6/2015 | 1.01E+10 | 2015 | 29 | 0 |
2/7/2015 | 9.77E+09 | 2015 | 30 | 0 |
2/8/2015 | 6.46E+09 | 2015 | 31 | 0 |
2/9/2015 | 8.07E+09 | 2015 | 32 | 0 |
2/10/2015 | 8.67E+09 | 2015 | 33 | 0 |
2/11/2015 | 9.1E+09 | 2015 | 34 | 0 |
2/12/2015 | 9.66E+09 | 2015 | 35 | 1 |
2/13/2015 | 1.14E+10 | 2015 | 36 | 0 |
2/14/2015 | 1.06E+10 | 2015 | 37 | 0 |
2/15/2015 | 6.42E+09 | 2015 | 38 | 0 |
2/16/2015 | 8.48E+09 | 2015 | 39 | 0 |
2/17/2015 | 8.07E+09 | 2015 | 40 | 0 |
2/18/2015 | 8.44E+09 | 2015 | 41 | 0 |
2/19/2015 | 8.79E+09 | 2015 | 42 | 0 |
2/20/2015 | 1.03E+10 | 2015 | 43 | 0 |
2/21/2015 | 9.09E+09 | 2015 | 44 | 0 |
2/22/2015 | 6.24E+09 | 2015 | 45 | 0 |
2/23/2015 | 8.12E+09 | 2015 | 46 | 0 |
2/24/2015 | 8.22E+09 | 2015 | 47 | 0 |
2/25/2015 | 8.61E+09 | 2015 | 48 | 0 |
2/26/2015 | 8.87E+09 | 2015 | 49 | 0 |
2/27/2015 | 1.08E+10 | 2015 | 50 | 0 |
2/28/2015 | 9.84E+09 | 2015 | 51 | 0 |
3/1/2015 | 6.34E+09 | 2015 | 52 | 0 |
3/2/2015 | 8.73E+09 | 2015 | 53 | 0 |
3/3/2015 | 8.84E+09 | 2015 | 54 | 0 |
3/4/2015 | 8.74E+09 | 2015 | 55 | 0 |
3/5/2015 | 7.87E+09 | 2015 | 56 | 0 |
3/6/2015 | 1.01E+10 | 2015 | 57 | 0 |
3/7/2015 | 9.84E+09 | 2015 | 58 | 0 |
3/8/2015 | 6.55E+09 | 2015 | 59 | 0 |
3/9/2015 | 8.46E+09 | 2015 | 60 | 0 |
3/10/2015 | 8.5E+09 | 2015 | 61 | 0 |
3/11/2015 | 8.84E+09 | 2015 | 62 | 0 |
3/12/2015 | 9.27E+09 | 2015 | 63 | 0 |
3/13/2015 | 1.05E+10 | 2015 | 64 | 0 |
3/14/2015 | 9.81E+09 | 2015 | 65 | 0 |
3/15/2015 | 6.85E+09 | 2015 | 66 | 0 |
3/16/2015 | 8.85E+09 | 2015 | 67 | 0 |
3/17/2015 | 8.6E+09 | 2015 | 68 | 0 |
3/18/2015 | 8.92E+09 | 2015 | 69 | 0 |
3/19/2015 | 9.22E+09 | 2015 | 70 | 0 |
1/8/2016 | 9.73E+09 | 2016 | 1 | 0 |
1/9/2016 | 8.9E+09 | 2016 | 2 | 0 |
1/10/2016 | 5.69E+09 | 2016 | 3 | 0 |
1/11/2016 | 7.97E+09 | 2016 | 4 | 0 |
1/12/2016 | 7.98E+09 | 2016 | 5 | 0 |
1/13/2016 | 8.32E+09 | 2016 | 6 | 0 |
1/14/2016 | 8.69E+09 | 2016 | 7 | 0 |
1/15/2016 | 9.97E+09 | 2016 | 8 | 0 |
1/16/2016 | 9.16E+09 | 2016 | 9 | 0 |
1/17/2016 | 5.99E+09 | 2016 | 10 | 0 |
1/18/2016 | 8.25E+09 | 2016 | 11 | 0 |
1/19/2016 | 7.87E+09 | 2016 | 12 | 0 |
1/20/2016 | 8.25E+09 | 2016 | 13 | 0 |
1/21/2016 | 8.94E+09 | 2016 | 14 | 0 |
1/22/2016 | 9.56E+09 | 2016 | 15 | 0 |
1/23/2016 | 6.98E+09 | 2016 | 16 | 0 |
1/24/2016 | 5.02E+09 | 2016 | 17 | 0 |
1/25/2016 | 7.48E+09 | 2016 | 18 | 0 |
1/26/2016 | 7.9E+09 | 2016 | 19 | 0 |
1/27/2016 | 8.15E+09 | 2016 | 20 | 0 |
1/28/2016 | 8.44E+09 | 2016 | 21 | 0 |
1/29/2016 | 1.01E+10 | 2016 | 22 | 0 |
1/30/2016 | 9.53E+09 | 2016 | 23 | 0 |
1/31/2016 | 6.22E+09 | 2016 | 24 | 0 |
2/1/2016 | 8.26E+09 | 2016 | 25 | 0 |
2/2/2016 | 8.13E+09 | 2016 | 26 | 0 |
2/3/2016 | 8.57E+09 | 2016 | 27 | 0 |
2/4/2016 | 9.25E+09 | 2016 | 28 | 0 |
2/5/2016 | 1.02E+10 | 2016 | 29 | 0 |
2/6/2016 | 1.01E+10 | 2016 | 30 | 0 |
2/7/2016 | 6.34E+09 | 2016 | 31 | 0 |
2/8/2016 | 7.99E+09 | 2016 | 32 | 0 |
2/9/2016 | 8.42E+09 | 2016 | 33 | 0 |
2/10/2016 | 9.46E+09 | 2016 | 34 | 0 |
2/11/2016 | 9.97E+09 | 2016 | 35 | 1 |
2/12/2016 | 1.15E+10 | 2016 | 36 | 0 |
2/13/2016 | 1.12E+10 | 2016 | 37 | 0 |
2/14/2016 | 7.17E+09 | 2016 | 38 | 0 |
2/15/2016 | 8.69E+09 | 2016 | 39 | 0 |
2/16/2016 | 8.39E+09 | 2016 | 40 | 0 |
2/17/2016 | 8.85E+09 | 2016 | 41 | 0 |
2/18/2016 | 9.33E+09 | 2016 | 42 | 0 |
2/19/2016 | 1.05E+10 | 2016 | 43 | 0 |
2/20/2016 | 9.97E+09 | 2016 | 44 | 0 |
2/21/2016 | 6.54E+09 | 2016 | 45 | 0 |
2/22/2016 | 8.44E+09 | 2016 | 46 | 0 |
2/23/2016 | 8.39E+09 | 2016 | 47 | 0 |
2/24/2016 | 8.6E+09 | 2016 | 48 | 0 |
2/25/2016 | 9.16E+09 | 2016 | 49 | 0 |
2/26/2016 | 1.05E+10 | 2016 | 50 | 0 |
2/27/2016 | 1.03E+10 | 2016 | 51 | 0 |
2/28/2016 | 6.71E+09 | 2016 | 52 | 0 |
2/29/2016 | 9.06E+09 | 2016 | 53 | 0 |
3/1/2016 | 8.96E+09 | 2016 | 54 | 0 |
3/2/2016 | 9E+09 | 2016 | 55 | 0 |
3/3/2016 | 9.55E+09 | 2016 | 56 | 0 |
3/4/2016 | 1.07E+10 | 2016 | 57 | 0 |
3/5/2016 | 1.03E+10 | 2016 | 58 | 0 |
3/6/2016 | 6.81E+09 | 2016 | 59 | 0 |
3/7/2016 | 8.83E+09 | 2016 | 60 | 0 |
3/8/2016 | 8.91E+09 | 2016 | 61 | 0 |
3/9/2016 | 9.26E+09 | 2016 | 62 | 0 |
3/10/2016 | 9.57E+09 | 2016 | 63 | 0 |
3/11/2016 | 1.09E+10 | 2016 | 64 | 0 |
3/12/2016 | 1.03E+10 | 2016 | 65 | 0 |
3/13/2016 | 6.74E+09 | 2016 | 66 | 0 |
3/14/2016 | 8.96E+09 | 2016 | 67 | 0 |
3/15/2016 | 9.43E+09 | 2016 | 68 | 0 |
3/16/2016 | 9.4E+09 | 2016 | 69 | 0 |
3/17/2016 | 9.76E+09 | 2016 | 70 | 0 |
1/6/2017 | 9.64E+09 | 2017 | 1 | 0 |
1/7/2017 | 8.01E+09 | 2017 | 2 | 0 |
1/8/2017 | 5.92E+09 | 2017 | 3 | 0 |
1/9/2017 | 8.17E+09 | 2017 | 4 | 0 |
1/10/2017 | 8.25E+09 | 2017 | 5 | 0 |
1/11/2017 | 8.46E+09 | 2017 | 6 | 0 |
1/12/2017 | 9.12E+09 | 2017 | 7 | 0 |
1/13/2017 | 1.04E+10 | 2017 | 8 | 0 |
1/14/2017 | 9.34E+09 | 2017 | 9 | 0 |
1/15/2017 | 6.43E+09 | 2017 | 10 | 0 |
1/16/2017 | 8.58E+09 | 2017 | 11 | 0 |
1/17/2017 | 7.99E+09 | 2017 | 12 | 0 |
1/18/2017 | 8.4E+09 | 2017 | 13 | 0 |
1/19/2017 | 8.81E+09 | 2017 | 14 | 0 |
1/20/2017 | 9.69E+09 | 2017 | 15 | 0 |
1/21/2017 | 9.22E+09 | 2017 | 16 | 0 |
1/22/2017 | 6.02E+09 | 2017 | 17 | 0 |
1/23/2017 | 7.78E+09 | 2017 | 18 | 0 |
1/24/2017 | 8.05E+09 | 2017 | 19 | 0 |
1/25/2017 | 8.48E+09 | 2017 | 20 | 0 |
1/26/2017 | 8.88E+09 | 2017 | 21 | 0 |
1/27/2017 | 1.02E+10 | 2017 | 22 | 0 |
1/28/2017 | 9.55E+09 | 2017 | 23 | 0 |
1/29/2017 | 6.28E+09 | 2017 | 24 | 0 |
1/30/2017 | 8.07E+09 | 2017 | 25 | 0 |
1/31/2017 | 8.38E+09 | 2017 | 26 | 0 |
2/1/2017 | 9.04E+09 | 2017 | 27 | 0 |
2/2/2017 | 9.29E+09 | 2017 | 28 | 0 |
2/3/2017 | 1.07E+10 | 2017 | 29 | 0 |
2/4/2017 | 1.01E+10 | 2017 | 30 | 0 |
2/5/2017 | 6.46E+09 | 2017 | 31 | 0 |
2/6/2017 | 8.22E+09 | 2017 | 32 | 0 |
2/7/2017 | 8.19E+09 | 2017 | 33 | 0 |
2/8/2017 | 9.34E+09 | 2017 | 34 | 0 |
2/9/2017 | 8.19E+09 | 2017 | 35 | 0 |
2/10/2017 | 1.07E+10 | 2017 | 36 | 0 |
2/11/2017 | 1.03E+10 | 2017 | 37 | 0 |
2/12/2017 | 6.65E+09 | 2017 | 38 | 0 |
2/13/2017 | 9.23E+09 | 2017 | 39 | 0 |
2/14/2017 | 9.82E+09 | 2017 | 40 | 0 |
2/15/2017 | 8.83E+09 | 2017 | 41 | 0 |
2/16/2017 | 9.12E+09 | 2017 | 42 | 0 |
2/17/2017 | 1.06E+10 | 2017 | 43 | 0 |
2/18/2017 | 1.04E+10 | 2017 | 44 | 0 |
2/19/2017 | 7.12E+09 | 2017 | 45 | 0 |
2/20/2017 | 9.09E+09 | 2017 | 46 | 0 |
2/21/2017 | 8.59E+09 | 2017 | 47 | 0 |
2/22/2017 | 9.39E+09 | 2017 | 48 | 0 |
2/23/2017 | 1.03E+10 | 2017 | 49 | 1 |
2/24/2017 | 1.13E+10 | 2017 | 50 | 0 |
2/25/2017 | 1.08E+10 | 2017 | 51 | 0 |
2/26/2017 | 7.27E+09 | 2017 | 52 | 0 |
2/27/2017 | 8.98E+09 | 2017 | 53 | 0 |
2/28/2017 | 9.61E+09 | 2017 | 54 | 0 |
3/1/2017 | 9.73E+09 | 2017 | 55 | 0 |
3/2/2017 | 9.97E+09 | 2017 | 56 | 0 |
3/3/2017 | 1.14E+10 | 2017 | 57 | 0 |
3/4/2017 | 1.06E+10 | 2017 | 58 | 0 |
3/5/2017 | 7.37E+09 | 2017 | 59 | 0 |
3/6/2017 | 9.15E+09 | 2017 | 60 | 0 |
3/7/2017 | 9.24E+09 | 2017 | 61 | 0 |
3/8/2017 | 9.74E+09 | 2017 | 62 | 0 |
3/9/2017 | 1.02E+10 | 2017 | 63 | 0 |
3/10/2017 | 1.12E+10 | 2017 | 64 | 0 |
3/11/2017 | 1.05E+10 | 2017 | 65 | 0 |
3/12/2017 | 7.01E+09 | 2017 | 66 | 0 |
3/13/2017 | 9.71E+09 | 2017 | 67 | 0 |
3/14/2017 | 7.62E+09 | 2017 | 68 | 0 |
3/15/2017 | 9.34E+09 | 2017 | 69 | 0 |
3/16/2017 | 9.99E+09 | 2017 | 70 | 0 |
Note: Spending is a trailing, seven-day moving average, indexed to the second week of January in each year. Vertical lines correspond to week of peak refund issuance. The peak is the same in 2014, 2015, and 2016.
Source: First Data Merchant Services.
Figure 4: Regression Results of Spending Response to EITC Refunds
Fraction of refund spent at retail stores and restaurants
Estimate | Std. Error | Lags |
---|---|---|
-0.0033 | 0.004357 | -2 |
0.005713 | 0.004527 | -1 |
0.075631 | 0.005118 | 0 |
0.041383 | 0.004366 | 1 |
0.018903 | 0.004133 | 2 |
Note: Regression coefficients are denoted by circles. The vertical brackets show the 95-percent confidence intervals for each coefficient, constructed from Newey-West standard errors. Sample includes 2014 to 2017.
Figure 5: Estimated Spending out of EITC Refunds by Store Category
Fraction of refund spent at each type of store
Estimate | NAICS |
---|---|
0.015081 | Groceries |
0.019101 | Restaurants |
0.010931 | Electronics |
0.070101 | General Merchandise |
0.023119 | Other Retail Sales Group |
Note: The above estimates are from regressions using the same specification as equation (1), where the spending totals are within each category. Each of the estimates is statistically different from zero at the one-percent level using Newey-West standard errors. The estimate for “Other Retail Stores” is the residual of the total spending estimate.