Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

Figure 1. At least doing okay financially (by year)

Note: Among all adults.

Figure 2. At least doing okay financially (by year and education)

Note: Among all adults. Results for 2017 to 2019 differ slightly from previous reports because of adjustments in education coding for consistency.

Figure 3. At least doing okay financially (by year and parental status)

Note: Among all adults.

Figure 4. At least doing okay financially (by year and race/ethnicity)

Note: Among all adults.

Figure 5. At least doing okay financially (by year, race/ethnicity, and parental status)

Note: Among all adults. Parents are adults living with their own children under age 18.

Figure 6. Financial situation compared with 12 months prior (by year)

Note: Among all adults.

Figure 7. Assessment of own financial well-being, local economy, and national economy (by year)

Note: Among all adults.

Figure 8. Family income sources

Note: Among all adults. Respondents could select multiple answers. DI is Disability Insurance; SSI is Supplemental Security Income; and TANF is Temporary Assistance for Needy Families. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 9. Income varied at least occasionally from month to month (by industry)

Note: Among adults who reported industry of employment.

Figure 10. Reasons for not working among prime-age adults

Note: Among adults ages 25 to 54. Respondents could select multiple answers.

Figure 11. Reasons for not working among prime-age adults (by gender)

Note: Among adults ages 25 to 54. Respondents could select multiple answers. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 12. Amount of work done from home (by education)

Note: Among adults who worked for someone else. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 13. Reasons employees prefer to work from home

Note: Among employees who worked from home, or could work from home if their employer allowed, who also said they preferred working from home at least some of the time. Respondents could select multiple answers.

Figure 14. Likelihood of looking for a new job (by required in-person work and pay cuts)

Note: Among adults working for someone else who worked from home at least some of the time. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 15. Change in quality of job characteristics after job change

Note: Among working adults whose main job was not the same as it was a year ago. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 16. Share reporting that job characteristic is better after job change (by layoff status)

Note: Among working adults whose main job was not the same as it was a year ago. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 17. Gig activities performed

Note: Among all adults. Respondents could select multiple answers.

Figure 18. Share performing gig activities (by financial well-being)

Note: Among all adults.

Figure A. Worked from home at least some of the time (by education and disability status)

Note: Among adults who worked in the month prior to the survey. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 19. Would cover a $400 emergency expense completely using cash or its equivalent (by year)

Note: Among all adults.

Figure 20. Other ways individuals would cover a $400 emergency expense

Note: Among all adults. Respondents could select multiple answers.

Figure 21. Not able to fully pay current month’s bills (by income and race/ethnicity)

Note: Among all adults. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 22. Forms of medical treatment skipped because of cost during 2021*

Note: Among all adults. Respondents could select multiple answers.

 *  The Federal Reserve revised this report on August 22, 2022, to reflect corrected data described below.
On page 38, in the Health-Care Expenses section, figure 22, “Forms of medical treatment skipped because of cost during 2021,” data were corrected for the entry “Dental care” from 13 percent to 17 percent and for the entry “Seeing a doctor or specialist” from 17 percent to 13 percent.

Figure 23. Disruptions from natural disasters in the prior 12 months

Note: Among all adults. Respondents could select multiple answers.

Figure 24. Expect risk of being affected by natural disaster to increase in the next 5 years (by whether affected in the prior 12 months)

Note: Among all adults. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 25. Natural disaster mitigation activities (by homeownership status)

Note: Among all adults. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 26. Paid an overdraft fee on a bank account in the prior year (by use of credit alternative financial services (AFS) and self-reported credit rating)

Note: Among adults with a bank account.

Figure 27. Denied credit or approved for less than was requested (by family income and race/ethnicity)

Note: Among adults who applied for some form of credit in the past 12 months.

Figure 28. Reasons for using Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services

Note: Among adults who have used a BNPL service in the past year.

Figure A. Share without a bank account, credit card, or retirement savings (by cryptocurrency use)

Note: Among all adults. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 29. Distance to friends, families, and workplaces in 2020

Note: Among people who moved in 2021. Distance relative to one's usual workplace is among employed adults. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 30. Share of homeowners with a mortgage who refinanced in the prior year (by family income)

Note: Among homeowners with a mortgage.

Figure 31. Share of homeowners with a mortgage who refinanced in the prior year (by current month mortgage payment)

Note: Among homeowners with a mortgage.

Figure A. Share of renters behind on rent during the year (by year and race/ethnicity)

Note: Among renters. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 32. Actual and preferred mode of learning for K–12 (by income and race/ethnicity)

Note: Among parents with a child enrolled in public or private school. Based on the youngest child enrolled in public or private school who lives with their parent.

Figure 33. Parents’ views on precautions taken by child’s school (by income and race/ethnicity)

Note: Among parents with a child enrolled in public or private school. Based on the youngest child enrolled in public or private school who lives with their parent. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 34. Parents’ assessment of child’s performance in school (by mode of education)

Note: Among parents with a child enrolled in public or private school. Based on the youngest child enrolled in public or private school who lives with their parent. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 35. Benefits of education exceed costs (by education and age)

Note: Among adults who attended college. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 36. Changes would now make to earlier education decisions (by education)

Note: Among adults who attended college and are not currently enrolled. Respondents could select multiple answers. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 37. Changes would now make to earlier education decisions (by institution type)

Note: Among adults who attended college and are not currently enrolled. Respondents could select multiple answers. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 38. Would now choose a different field of study (by field of study)

Note: Among adults who completed at least some college who are not currently enrolled.

Figure 39. Acquired debt for own education, including repaid debt (by age and highest degree completed)

Note: Among adults who attended college. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 40. Distribution of adults with outstanding debt for their own education

Note: Among adults who borrowed for their own education.

Figure 41. Self-assessed value of higher education (by education and debt status)

Note: Among adults ages who borrowed for their own education. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 42. Reasons for the timing of retirement

Note: Among retirees. Respondents could select multiple answers.

Figure 43. Forms of retirement savings among non-retirees

Note: Among non-retirees. Respondents could select multiple answers.

Figure 44. Borrowed from or cashed out retirement savings accounts in the prior 12 months (by amount of self-directed retirement savings)

Note: Among non-retirees.

Figure 45. Mostly or very comfortable investing self-directed retirement savings (by gender and education)

Note: Among non-retirees with self-directed retirement savings. Key identifies bars in order from top to bottom.

Figure 46. Responses to financial literacy questions

Note: Among the one-half of respondents who were asked the questions including "Don't know" as an answer choice. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.

Figure 47. At least doing okay financially (by number of financial literacy questions answered correctly)

Note: Among the one-half of respondents who were asked the questions including "Don’t know" as an answer. Key identifies bars in order from left to right.