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Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices

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Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices at Selected Large Banks in the United States 1

(Status of Policy as of January 2018)

 

Questions 1-6 ask about commercial and industrial (C&I) loans at your bank. Questions 1-3 deal with changes in your bank's lending policies over the past three months. Questions 4-5 deal with changes in demand for C&I loans over the past three months. Question 6 asks about changes in prospective demand for C&I loans at your bank, as indicated by the volume of recent inquiries about the availability of new credit lines or increases in existing lines. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

 

1. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—to large and middle-market firms and to small firms changed? (If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested below, please use your definitions and indicate what they are.)

A. Standards for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 1 1.4 1 2.3 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 3 4.3 1 2.3 2 7.7
Remained basically unchanged 55 78.6 33 75.0 22 84.6
Eased somewhat 11 15.7 9 20.5 2 7.7
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

B. Standards for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 1 1.5 1 2.4 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 3.0 1 2.4 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 61 91.0 36 87.8 25 96.2
Eased somewhat 3 4.5 3 7.3 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

 

2. For applications for C&I loans or credit lines—other than those to be used to finance mergers and acquisitions—from large and middle-market firms and from small firms that your bank currently is willing to approve, how have the terms of those loans changed over the past three months?

A. Terms for large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 2.9 1 2.3 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 53 75.7 32 72.7 21 80.8
Eased somewhat 15 21.4 11 25.0 4 15.4
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.4 0 0.0 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 67 95.7 43 97.7 24 92.3
Eased somewhat 2 2.9 1 2.3 1 3.8
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

c. Costs of credit lines

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 6 8.6 2 4.5 4 15.4
Remained basically unchanged 56 80.0 36 81.8 20 76.9
Eased somewhat 8 11.4 6 13.6 2 7.7
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 7 10.1 4 9.1 3 12.0
Remained basically unchanged 44 63.8 25 56.8 19 76.0
Eased somewhat 18 26.1 15 34.1 3 12.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 69 100 44 100 25 100

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 1 1.4 1 2.3 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 4 5.7 2 4.5 2 7.7
Remained basically unchanged 55 78.6 34 77.3 21 80.8
Eased somewhat 10 14.3 7 15.9 3 11.5
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

f. Loan covenants

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 2.9 0 0.0 2 7.7
Remained basically unchanged 59 84.3 35 79.5 24 92.3
Eased somewhat 9 12.9 9 20.5 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

g. Collateralization requirements

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.4 0 0.0 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 67 95.7 43 97.7 24 92.3
Eased somewhat 2 2.9 1 2.3 1 3.8
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.4 0 0.0 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 63 91.3 40 93.0 23 88.5
Eased somewhat 3 4.3 2 4.7 1 3.8
Eased considerably 2 2.9 1 2.3 1 3.8
Total 69 100 43 100 26 100

B. Terms for small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

a. Maximum size of credit lines

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 3 4.5 1 2.4 2 7.7
Remained basically unchanged 59 88.1 36 87.8 23 88.5
Eased somewhat 5 7.5 4 9.8 1 3.8
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

b. Maximum maturity of loans or credit lines

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.5 0 0.0 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 64 95.5 40 97.6 24 92.3
Eased somewhat 2 3.0 1 2.4 1 3.8
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

c. Costs of credit lines

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 5 7.5 2 4.9 3 11.5
Remained basically unchanged 58 86.6 36 87.8 22 84.6
Eased somewhat 4 6.0 3 7.3 1 3.8
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

d. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 6 9.0 3 7.3 3 11.5
Remained basically unchanged 53 79.1 32 78.0 21 80.8
Eased somewhat 8 11.9 6 14.6 2 7.7
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

e. Premiums charged on riskier loans

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 7 10.6 5 12.5 2 7.7
Remained basically unchanged 55 83.3 32 80.0 23 88.5
Eased somewhat 4 6.1 3 7.5 1 3.8
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 66 100 40 100 26 100

f. Loan covenants

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 3.0 0 0.0 2 7.7
Remained basically unchanged 62 92.5 38 92.7 24 92.3
Eased somewhat 3 4.5 3 7.3 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

g. Collateralization requirements

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.5 0 0.0 1 4.0
Remained basically unchanged 65 98.5 41 100.0 24 96.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 66 100 41 100 25 100

h. Use of interest rate floors (more use=tightened, less use=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.5 0 0.0 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 62 93.9 38 95.0 24 92.3
Eased somewhat 2 3.0 2 5.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 1 1.5 0 0.0 1 3.8
Total 66 100 40 100 26 100

 

3. If your bank has tightened or eased its credit standards or its terms for C&I loans or credit lines over the past three months (as described in questions 1 and 2), how important have been the following possible reasons for the change? (Please respond to either A, B, or both as appropriate.)

A. Possible reasons for tightening credit standards or loan terms:

a. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected capital position

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 8 72.7 6 100.0 2 40.0
Somewhat important 3 27.3 0 0.0 3 60.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 11 100 6 100 5 100

b. Less favorable or more uncertain economic outlook

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 6 46.2 4 57.1 2 33.3
Somewhat important 5 38.5 3 42.9 2 33.3
Very important 2 15.4 0 0.0 2 33.3
Total 13 100 7 100 6 100

c. Worsening of industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 7 58.3 5 71.4 2 40.0
Somewhat important 4 33.3 1 14.3 3 60.0
Very important 1 8.3 1 14.3 0 0.0
Total 12 100 7 100 5 100

d. Less aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 9 81.8 5 83.3 4 80.0
Somewhat important 2 18.2 1 16.7 1 20.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 11 100 6 100 5 100

e. Reduced tolerance for risk

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 7 58.3 6 85.7 1 20.0
Somewhat important 4 33.3 0 0.0 4 80.0
Very important 1 8.3 1 14.3 0 0.0
Total 12 100 7 100 5 100

f. Decreased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 9 81.8 6 100.0 3 60.0
Somewhat important 2 18.2 0 0.0 2 40.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 11 100 6 100 5 100

g. Deterioration in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 10 90.9 6 100.0 4 80.0
Somewhat important 1 9.1 0 0.0 1 20.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 11 100 6 100 5 100

h. Increased concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 7 63.6 5 83.3 2 40.0
Somewhat important 3 27.3 1 16.7 2 40.0
Very important 1 9.1 0 0.0 1 20.0
Total 11 100 6 100 5 100

B. Possible reasons for easing credit standards or loan terms:

a. Improvement in your bank's current or expected capital position

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 21 91.3 17 89.5 4 100.0
Somewhat important 2 8.7 2 10.5 0 0.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 23 100 19 100 4 100

b. More favorable or less uncertain economic outlook

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 14 60.9 11 57.9 3 75.0
Somewhat important 8 34.8 7 36.8 1 25.0
Very important 1 4.3 1 5.3 0 0.0
Total 23 100 19 100 4 100

c. Improvement in industry-specific problems (please specify industries)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 14 70.0 11 64.7 3 100.0
Somewhat important 6 30.0 6 35.3 0 0.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 20 100 17 100 3 100

d. More aggressive competition from other banks or nonbank lenders (other financial intermediaries or the capital markets)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 3 12.0 2 10.0 1 20.0
Somewhat important 8 32.0 7 35.0 1 20.0
Very important 14 56.0 11 55.0 3 60.0
Total 25 100 20 100 5 100

e. Increased tolerance for risk

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 16 69.6 13 68.4 3 75.0
Somewhat important 7 30.4 6 31.6 1 25.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 23 100 19 100 4 100

f. Increased liquidity in the secondary market for these loans

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 16 69.6 13 68.4 3 75.0
Somewhat important 6 26.1 5 26.3 1 25.0
Very important 1 4.3 1 5.3 0 0.0
Total 23 100 19 100 4 100

g. Improvement in your bank's current or expected liquidity position

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 22 95.7 18 94.7 4 100.0
Somewhat important 1 4.3 1 5.3 0 0.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 23 100 19 100 4 100

h. Reduced concerns about the effects of legislative changes, supervisory actions, or changes in accounting standards

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 18 81.8 14 77.8 4 100.0
Somewhat important 2 9.1 2 11.1 0 0.0
Very important 2 9.1 2 11.1 0 0.0
Total 22 100 18 100 4 100

 

4. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for C&I loans changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

A. Demand for C&I loans from large and middle-market firms (annual sales of $50 million or more):

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 13 18.6 10 22.7 3 11.5
About the same 46 65.7 25 56.8 21 80.8
Moderately weaker 11 15.7 9 20.5 2 7.7
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

B. Demand for C&I loans from small firms (annual sales of less than $50 million):

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 12 17.9 8 19.5 4 15.4
About the same 47 70.1 27 65.9 20 76.9
Moderately weaker 8 11.9 6 14.6 2 7.7
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

 

5. If demand for C&I loans has strengthened or weakened over the past three months (as described in question 4), how important have been the following possible reasons for the change? (Please respond to either A, B, or both as appropriate.)

A. If stronger loan demand (answer 1 or 2 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs increased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 5 35.7 4 40.0 1 25.0
Somewhat important 8 57.1 6 60.0 2 50.0
Very important 1 7.1 0 0.0 1 25.0
Total 14 100 10 100 4 100

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs increased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 3 20.0 3 30.0 0 0.0
Somewhat important 10 66.7 7 70.0 3 60.0
Very important 2 13.3 0 0.0 2 40.0
Total 15 100 10 100 5 100

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment increased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 7 46.7 5 50.0 2 40.0
Somewhat important 6 40.0 3 30.0 3 60.0
Very important 2 13.3 2 20.0 0 0.0
Total 15 100 10 100 5 100

d. Customer internally generated funds decreased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 10 71.4 7 70.0 3 75.0
Somewhat important 4 28.6 3 30.0 1 25.0
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 14 100 10 100 4 100

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs increased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 4 26.7 3 30.0 1 20.0
Somewhat important 10 66.7 6 60.0 4 80.0
Very important 1 6.7 1 10.0 0 0.0
Total 15 100 10 100 5 100

f. Customer borrowing shifted to your bank from other bank or nonbank sources because these other sources became less attractive

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 5 35.7 4 40.0 1 25.0
Somewhat important 7 50.0 4 40.0 3 75.0
Very important 2 14.3 2 20.0 0 0.0
Total 14 100 10 100 4 100

g. Customer precautionary demand for cash and liquidity increased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 7 53.8 6 60.0 1 33.3
Somewhat important 6 46.2 4 40.0 2 66.7
Very important 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 13 100 10 100 3 100

B. If weaker loan demand (answer 4 or 5 to question 4A or 4B), possible reasons:

a. Customer inventory financing needs decreased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 6 60.0 6 66.7 0 0.0
Somewhat important 3 30.0 2 22.2 1 100.0
Very important 1 10.0 1 11.1 0 0.0
Total 10 100 9 100 1 100

b. Customer accounts receivable financing needs decreased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 6 60.0 6 66.7 0 0.0
Somewhat important 3 30.0 2 22.2 1 100.0
Very important 1 10.0 1 11.1 0 0.0
Total 10 100 9 100 1 100

c. Customer investment in plant or equipment decreased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 2 18.2 2 22.2 0 0.0
Somewhat important 8 72.7 6 66.7 2 100.0
Very important 1 9.1 1 11.1 0 0.0
Total 11 100 9 100 2 100

d. Customer internally generated funds increased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 3 30.0 3 33.3 0 0.0
Somewhat important 5 50.0 5 55.6 0 0.0
Very important 2 20.0 1 11.1 1 100.0
Total 10 100 9 100 1 100

e. Customer merger or acquisition financing needs decreased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 2 18.2 2 20.0 0 0.0
Somewhat important 7 63.6 6 60.0 1 100.0
Very important 2 18.2 2 20.0 0 0.0
Total 11 100 10 100 1 100

f. Customer borrowing shifted from your bank to other bank or nonbank sources because these other sources became more attractive

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 3 27.3 3 30.0 0 0.0
Somewhat important 4 36.4 3 30.0 1 100.0
Very important 4 36.4 4 40.0 0 0.0
Total 11 100 10 100 1 100

g. Customer precautionary demand for cash and liquidity decreased

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Not important 6 60.0 5 62.5 1 50.0
Somewhat important 3 30.0 2 25.0 1 50.0
Very important 1 10.0 1 12.5 0 0.0
Total 10 100 8 100 2 100

 

6. At your bank, apart from seasonal variation, how has the number of inquiries from potential business borrowers regarding the availability and terms of new credit lines or increases in existing lines changed over the past three months? (Please consider only inquiries for additional or increased C&I lines as opposed to the refinancing of existing loans.)

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
The number of inquiries has increased substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
The number of inquiries has increased moderately 11 15.7 10 22.7 1 3.8
The number of inquiries has stayed about the same 49 70.0 28 63.6 21 80.8
The number of inquiries has decreased moderately 10 14.3 6 13.6 4 15.4
The number of inquiries has decreased substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

 

Questions 7-12 ask about changes in standards and demand over the past three months for three different types of commercial real estate (CRE) loans at your bank: construction and land development loans, loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties, and loans secured by multifamily residential properties. Please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

 

7. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving new applications for construction and land development loans or credit lines changed?

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 10 14.7 6 14.3 4 15.4
Remained basically unchanged 56 82.4 34 81.0 22 84.6
Eased somewhat 2 2.9 2 4.8 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 68 100 42 100 26 100

 

8. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving new applications for loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties changed?

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 4 5.7 3 6.8 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 63 90.0 38 86.4 25 96.2
Eased somewhat 3 4.3 3 6.8 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

 

9. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving new applications for loans secured by multifamily residential properties changed?

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 12 17.4 6 13.6 6 24.0
Remained basically unchanged 56 81.2 37 84.1 19 76.0
Eased somewhat 1 1.4 1 2.3 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 69 100 44 100 25 100

 

10. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for construction and land development loans changed over the past three months? (Please consider the number of requests for new spot loans, for disbursement of funds under existing loan commitments, and for new or increased credit lines.)

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 7 10.3 6 14.3 1 3.8
About the same 48 70.6 26 61.9 22 84.6
Moderately weaker 13 19.1 10 23.8 3 11.5
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 68 100 42 100 26 100

 

11. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties changed over the past three months? (Please consider the number of requests for new spot loans, for disbursement of funds under existing loan commitments, and for new or increased credit lines.)

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 1 1.4 1 2.3 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 9 12.9 6 13.6 3 11.5
About the same 52 74.3 30 68.2 22 84.6
Moderately weaker 8 11.4 7 15.9 1 3.8
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

 

12. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for loans secured by multifamily residential properties changed over the past three months? (Please consider the number of requests for new spot loans, for disbursement of funds under existing loan commitments, and for new or increased credit lines.)

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 10 14.5 5 11.4 5 20.0
About the same 45 65.2 29 65.9 16 64.0
Moderately weaker 14 20.3 10 22.7 4 16.0
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 69 100 44 100 25 100

 

Note: Beginning with the January 2015 survey, the loan categories referred to in the questions regarding changes in credit standards and demand for residential mortgage loans have been revised to reflect the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau's qualified mortgage rules.

Questions 13-14 ask about seven categories of residential mortgage loans at your bank: Government-Sponsored Enterprise eligible (GSE-eligible) residential mortgages, government residential mortgages, Qualified Mortgage non-jumbo non-GSE-eligible (QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible) residential mortgages, QM jumbo residential mortgages, non-QM jumbo residential mortgages, non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages, and subprime residential mortgages. For the purposes of this survey, please use the following definitions of these loan categories and include first-lien closed-end loans to purchase homes only. The loan categories have been defined so that every first-lien closed-end residential mortgage loan used for home purchase fits into one of the following seven categories:

  • The GSE-eligible category of residential mortgages includes loans that meet the underwriting guidelines, including loan limit amounts, of the GSEs - Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
     
  • The government category of residential mortgages includes loans that are insured by the Federal Housing Administration, guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs, or originated under government programs, including the U.S. Department of Agriculture home loan programs.
     
  • The QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible category of residential mortgages includes loans that satisfy the standards for a qualified mortgage and have loan balances that are below the loan limit amounts set by the GSEs but otherwise do not meet the GSE underwriting guidelines.
     
  • The QM jumbo category of residential mortgages includes loans that satisfy the standards for a qualified mortgage but have loan balances that are above the loan limit amount set by the GSEs.
     
  • The non-QM jumbo category of residential mortgages includes loans that do not satisfy the standards for a qualified mortgage and have loan balances that are above the loan limit amount set by the GSEs.
     
  • The non-QM non-jumbo category of residential mortgages includes loans that do not satisfy the standards for a qualified mortgage and have loan balances that are below the loan limit amount set by the GSEs. (Please exclude loans classified by your bank as subprime in this category.)
     
  • The subprime category of residential mortgages includes loans classified by your bank as subprime. This category typically includes loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories that include payment delinquencies, charge-offs, judgements, and/or bankruptcies; reduced repayment capacity as measured by credit scores or debt-to-income ratios; or incomplete credit histories.


Question 13 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards for loans in each of the seven loan categories over the past three months. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if the standards are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards. Question 14 deals with changes in demand for loans in each of the seven loan categories over the past three months.

 

13. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications from individuals for mortgage loans to purchase homes changed? (Please consider only new originations as opposed to the refinancing of existing mortgages.)

A. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as GSE-eligible residential mortgages have:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.7 1 2.9 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 53 88.3 31 88.6 22 88.0
Eased somewhat 6 10.0 3 8.6 3 12.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 35 100 25 100

For this question, 4 respondents answered "My bank does not originate GSE-eligible residential mortgages."

B. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as government residential mortgages have:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 58 96.7 32 94.1 26 100.0
Eased somewhat 2 3.3 2 5.9 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 34 100 26 100

For this question, 4 respondents answered "My bank does not originate government residential mortgages."

C. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible residential mortgages have:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 3.4 1 3.0 1 4.0
Remained basically unchanged 54 93.1 31 93.9 23 92.0
Eased somewhat 2 3.4 1 3.0 1 4.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 58 100 33 100 25 100

For this question, 6 respondents answered "My bank does not originate QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible residential mortgages."

D. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as QM jumbo residential mortgages have:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 3.3 1 2.9 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 56 91.8 32 91.4 24 92.3
Eased somewhat 3 4.9 2 5.7 1 3.8
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 61 100 35 100 26 100

For this question, 3 respondents answered "My bank does not originate QM jumbo residential mortgages."

E. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as non-QM jumbo residential mortgages have:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 3 6.2 2 5.9 1 7.1
Remained basically unchanged 41 85.4 31 91.2 10 71.4
Eased somewhat 4 8.3 1 2.9 3 21.4
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 48 100 34 100 14 100

For this question, 15 respondents answered "My bank does not originate non-QM jumbo residential mortgages."

F. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages have:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 47 97.9 33 100.0 14 93.3
Eased somewhat 1 2.1 0 0.0 1 6.7
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 48 100 33 100 15 100

For this question, 16 respondents answered "My bank does not originate non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages."

G. Credit standards on mortgage loans that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages have:

Responses are not reported when the number of respondents is 3 or fewer.

 

14. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for mortgages to purchase homes changed over the past three months? (Please consider only applications for new originations as opposed to applications for refinancing of existing mortgages.)

A. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as GSE-eligible residential mortgages was:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 1 1.7 1 2.9 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 3 5.2 1 2.9 2 8.3
About the same 41 70.7 28 82.4 13 54.2
Moderately weaker 12 20.7 4 11.8 8 33.3
Substantially weaker 1 1.7 0 0.0 1 4.2
Total 58 100 34 100 24 100

For this question, 3 respondents answered "My bank does not originate GSE-eligible residential mortgages."

B. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as government residential mortgages was:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 1 1.7 1 2.9 0 0.0
About the same 47 78.3 29 85.3 18 69.2
Moderately weaker 12 20.0 4 11.8 8 30.8
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 34 100 26 100

For this question, 4 respondents answered "My bank does not originate government residential mortgages."

C. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible residential mortgages was:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 3 5.2 2 6.1 1 4.0
About the same 42 72.4 25 75.8 17 68.0
Moderately weaker 13 22.4 6 18.2 7 28.0
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 58 100 33 100 25 100

For this question, 6 respondents answered "My bank does not originate QM non-jumbo, non-GSE-eligible residential mortgages."

D. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as QM jumbo residential mortgages was:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 6 9.8 3 8.6 3 11.5
About the same 42 68.9 26 74.3 16 61.5
Moderately weaker 12 19.7 6 17.1 6 23.1
Substantially weaker 1 1.6 0 0.0 1 3.8
Total 61 100 35 100 26 100

For this question, 3 respondents answered "My bank does not originate QM jumbo residential mortgages."

E. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as non-QM jumbo residential mortgages was:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 2 4.1 1 2.9 1 6.7
About the same 38 77.6 27 79.4 11 73.3
Moderately weaker 8 16.3 6 17.6 2 13.3
Substantially weaker 1 2.0 0 0.0 1 6.7
Total 49 100 34 100 15 100

For this question, 14 respondents answered "My bank does not originate non-QM jumbo residential mortgages."

F. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages was:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 1 2.1 1 3.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 1 2.1 0 0.0 1 6.7
About the same 38 79.2 27 81.8 11 73.3
Moderately weaker 8 16.7 5 15.2 3 20.0
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 48 100 33 100 15 100

For this question, 15 respondents answered "My bank does not originate non-QM non-jumbo residential mortgages."

G. Demand for mortgages that your bank categorizes as subprime residential mortgages was:

Responses are not reported when the number of respondents is 3 or fewer.

 

 

Questions 15-16 ask about revolving home equity lines of credit at your bank. Question 15 deals with changes in your bank's credit standards over the past three months. Question 16 deals with changes in demand. If your bank's credit standards have not changed over the relevant period, please report them as unchanged even if they are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's credit standards have tightened or eased over the relevant period, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing standards as changes in standards.

 


15. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for revolving home equity lines of credit changed?

 

 

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.6 0 0.0 1 4.0
Remained basically unchanged 58 93.5 35 94.6 23 92.0
Eased somewhat 3 4.8 2 5.4 1 4.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 62 100 37 100 25 100

 

16. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand for revolving home equity lines of credit changed over the past three months? (Please consider only funds actually disbursed as opposed to requests for new or increased lines of credit.)

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 5 8.1 5 13.5 0 0.0
About the same 47 75.8 28 75.7 19 76.0
Moderately weaker 9 14.5 3 8.1 6 24.0
Substantially weaker 1 1.6 1 2.7 0 0.0
Total 62 100 37 100 25 100

 

Questions 17-26 ask about consumer lending at your bank. Question 17 deals with changes in your bank's willingness to make consumer loans over the past three months. Questions 18-23 deal with changes in credit standards and loan terms over the same period. Questions 24-26 deal with changes in demand for consumer loans over the past three months. If your bank's lending policies have not changed over the past three months, please report them as unchanged even if the policies are either restrictive or accommodative relative to longer-term norms. If your bank's policies have tightened or eased over the past three months, please so report them regardless of how they stand relative to longer-term norms. Also, please report changes in enforcement of existing policies as changes in policies.

 

17. Please indicate your bank's willingness to make consumer installment loans now as opposed to three months ago.

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Much more willing 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Somewhat more willing 6 9.5 5 13.9 1 3.7
About unchanged 57 90.5 31 86.1 26 96.3
Somewhat less willing 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Much less willing 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 63 100 36 100 27 100

 

18. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for credit cards from individuals or households changed?

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 4 7.7 3 9.4 1 5.0
Remained basically unchanged 45 86.5 26 81.2 19 95.0
Eased somewhat 3 5.8 3 9.4 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 52 100 32 100 20 100

 

19. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for auto loans to individuals or households changed? (Please include loans arising from retail sales of passenger cars and other vehicles such as minivans, vans, sport-utility vehicles, pickup trucks, and similar light trucks for personal use, whether new or used. Please exclude loans to finance fleet sales, personal cash loans secured by automobiles already paid for, loans to finance the purchase of commercial vehicles and farm equipment, and lease financing.)

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 5 8.2 4 11.8 1 3.7
Remained basically unchanged 54 88.5 29 85.3 25 92.6
Eased somewhat 2 3.3 1 2.9 1 3.7
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 61 100 34 100 27 100

 

20. Over the past three months, how have your bank's credit standards for approving applications for consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans changed?

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 3.2 2 5.7 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 58 93.5 31 88.6 27 100.0
Eased somewhat 2 3.2 2 5.7 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 62 100 35 100 27 100

 

21. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on new or existing credit card accounts for individuals or households?

a. Credit limits

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 2.1 1 3.1 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 44 93.6 29 90.6 15 100.0
Eased somewhat 2 4.3 2 6.2 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 47 100 32 100 15 100

b. Spreads of interest rates charged on outstanding balances over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 2.1 1 3.1 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 46 97.9 31 96.9 15 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 47 100 32 100 15 100

c. Minimum percent of outstanding balances required to be repaid each month

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 47 100.0 32 100.0 15 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 47 100 32 100 15 100

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 4 8.5 3 9.4 1 6.7
Remained basically unchanged 42 89.4 28 87.5 14 93.3
Eased somewhat 1 2.1 1 3.1 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 47 100 32 100 15 100

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 1 2.2 1 3.1 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 3 6.5 3 9.4 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 42 91.3 28 87.5 14 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 46 100 32 100 14 100

 

22. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on loans to individuals or households to purchase autos?

a. Maximum maturity

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 59 98.3 34 100.0 25 96.2
Eased somewhat 1 1.7 0 0.0 1 3.8
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 34 100 26 100

b. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 6 10.0 4 11.8 2 7.7
Remained basically unchanged 51 85.0 27 79.4 24 92.3
Eased somewhat 3 5.0 3 8.8 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 34 100 26 100

c. Minimum required down payment (higher=tightened, lower=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 3 5.1 3 9.1 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 56 94.9 30 90.9 26 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 59 100 33 100 26 100

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 3 5.0 3 8.8 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 57 95.0 31 91.2 26 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 34 100 26 100

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 1 1.7 1 2.9 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 58 98.3 33 97.1 25 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 59 100 34 100 25 100

 

23. Over the past three months, how has your bank changed the following terms and conditions on consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans?

a. Maximum maturity

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 61 100.0 35 100.0 26 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 61 100 35 100 26 100

b. Spreads of loan rates over your bank's cost of funds (wider spreads=tightened, narrower spreads=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 3.3 1 2.9 1 3.8
Remained basically unchanged 59 96.7 34 97.1 25 96.2
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 61 100 35 100 26 100

c. Minimum required down payment (higher=tightened, lower=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 61 100.0 35 100.0 26 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 61 100 35 100 26 100

d. Minimum required credit score (increased score=tightened, reduced score=eased)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 2 3.3 2 5.7 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 58 95.1 32 91.4 26 100.0
Eased somewhat 1 1.6 1 2.9 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 61 100 35 100 26 100

e. The extent to which loans are granted to some customers that do not meet credit scoring thresholds (increased=eased, decreased=tightened)

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tightened considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tightened somewhat 3 5.0 3 8.6 0 0.0
Remained basically unchanged 57 95.0 32 91.4 25 100.0
Eased somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Eased considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 35 100 25 100

 

24. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for credit card loans changed over the past three months?

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 5 10.4 5 15.6 0 0.0
About the same 38 79.2 23 71.9 15 93.8
Moderately weaker 5 10.4 4 12.5 1 6.2
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 48 100 32 100 16 100

 

25. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for auto loans changed over the past three months?

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 3 5.1 2 5.9 1 4.0
About the same 48 81.4 26 76.5 22 88.0
Moderately weaker 8 13.6 6 17.6 2 8.0
Substantially weaker 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 59 100 34 100 25 100

 

26. Apart from normal seasonal variation, how has demand from individuals or households for consumer loans other than credit card and auto loans changed over the past three months?

 

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Substantially stronger 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Moderately stronger 3 4.9 3 8.6 0 0.0
About the same 55 90.2 30 85.7 25 96.2
Moderately weaker 2 3.3 2 5.7 0 0.0
Substantially weaker 1 1.6 0 0.0 1 3.8
Total 61 100 35 100 26 100

 

Questions 27-28 ask how your bank expects its lending practices and conditions for C&I loans to change over 2018.

 

27. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, how does your bank expect the following lending practices and conditions for C&I loans to large and middle-market firms to change over 2018 compared to current practices and conditions, apart from normal seasonal variation? (Please refer to the definitions of large and middle-market firms suggested in question 1. If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested in question 1, please use your definitions and indicate what they are in the textbox below.)

A. Compared to current practices and conditions, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications of C&I loans or credit lines to large and middle-market firms to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tighten somewhat 3 4.3 0 0.0 3 11.5
Remain basically unchanged 57 81.4 39 88.6 18 69.2
Ease somewhat 9 12.9 4 9.1 5 19.2
Ease considerably 1 1.4 1 2.3 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

B. Compared to current practices and conditions, over 2018, my bank expects the average spread of loan rates over my bank's cost of funds for C&I loans to large and middle-market firms to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Increase substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Increase somewhat 7 10.0 2 4.5 5 19.2
Remain basically unchanged 40 57.1 28 63.6 12 46.2
Decrease somewhat 23 32.9 14 31.8 9 34.6
Decrease substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

C. Compared to current practices and conditions, over 2018, my bank expects demand for C&I loans to large and middle-market firms to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Strengthen substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Strengthen somewhat 22 31.4 18 40.9 4 15.4
Remain basically unchanged 45 64.3 23 52.3 22 84.6
Weaken somewhat 3 4.3 3 6.8 0 0.0
Weaken substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

 

28. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, how does your bank expect the following lending practices and conditions for C&I loans to small firms to change over 2018 compared to current practices and conditions, apart from normal seasonal variation? (Please refer to the definitions of small firms suggested in question 1. If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested in question 1, please use your definitions and indicate what they are in the textbox below.)

A. Compared to current practices and conditions, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications for C&I loans or credit lines to small firms to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tighten somewhat 3 4.5 1 2.4 2 7.7
Remain basically unchanged 60 89.6 38 92.7 22 84.6
Ease somewhat 4 6.0 2 4.9 2 7.7
Ease considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

B. Compared to current practices and conditions, over 2018, my bank expects the average spread of loan rates over my bank's cost of funds for C&I loans to small firms to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Increase substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Increase somewhat 10 14.9 4 9.8 6 23.1
Remain basically unchanged 45 67.2 29 70.7 16 61.5
Decrease somewhat 12 17.9 8 19.5 4 15.4
Decrease substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

C. Compared to current practices and conditions, over 2018, my bank expects demand for C&I loans to small firms to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Strengthen substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Strengthen somewhat 24 36.4 18 43.9 6 24.0
Remain basically unchanged 41 62.1 22 53.7 19 76.0
Weaken somewhat 1 1.5 1 2.4 0 0.0
Weaken substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 66 100 41 100 25 100

 

Question 29 asks how your bank expects its lending standards for selected categories of commercial real estate loans to change over 2018.

29. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, how does your bank expect its lending standards for the following commercial real estate loan categories to change over 2018 compared to its current standards, apart from normal seasonal variation?

A. Compared to my bank's current lending standards, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications for construction and land development loans or credit lines to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 1 1.5 0 0.0 1 3.8
Tighten somewhat 13 19.1 5 11.9 8 30.8
Remain basically unchanged 53 77.9 36 85.7 17 65.4
Ease somewhat 1 1.5 1 2.4 0 0.0
Ease considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 68 100 42 100 26 100

B. Compared to my bank's current lending standards, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications for loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tighten somewhat 7 10.0 4 9.1 3 11.5
Remain basically unchanged 61 87.1 38 86.4 23 88.5
Ease somewhat 2 2.9 2 4.5 0 0.0
Ease considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

C. Compared to my bank's current lending standards, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications for loans secured by multifamily residential properties to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tighten somewhat 15 21.4 4 9.1 11 42.3
Remain basically unchanged 54 77.1 39 88.6 15 57.7
Ease somewhat 1 1.4 1 2.3 0 0.0
Ease considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 70 100 44 100 26 100

 

Question 30 asks how your bank expects its lending standards for selected categories of residential real estate loans to change over 2018.

30. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, how does your bank expect its lending standards for the following residential real estate loan categories to change over 2018 compared to its current standards, apart from normal seasonal variation?

A. Compared to my bank's current lending standards, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications for GSE-eligible residential mortgage loans to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tighten somewhat 1 1.7 0 0.0 1 3.8
Remain basically unchanged 47 81.0 24 75.0 23 88.5
Ease somewhat 10 17.2 8 25.0 2 7.7
Ease considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 58 100 32 100 26 100

B. Compared to my bank's current lending standards, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications for nonconforming jumbo residential mortgage loans to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tighten somewhat 3 5.0 1 2.9 2 8.0
Remain basically unchanged 48 80.0 27 77.1 21 84.0
Ease somewhat 9 15.0 7 20.0 2 8.0
Ease considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 35 100 25 100

 

Question 31 asks how your bank expects its lending standards for selected categories of consumer loans to change over 2018.

31. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, how does your bank expect its lending standards for the following consumer loan categories to change over 2018 compared to its current standards, apart from normal seasonal variation?

A. Compared to my bank's current lending standards, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications for credit card loans to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tighten somewhat 9 17.3 8 25.0 1 5.0
Remain basically unchanged 38 73.1 19 59.4 19 95.0
Ease somewhat 5 9.6 5 15.6 0 0.0
Ease considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 52 100 32 100 20 100

B. Compared to my bank's current lending standards, over 2018, my bank expects its lending standards for approving applications for auto loans to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Tighten considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Tighten somewhat 6 10.5 4 12.5 2 8.0
Remain basically unchanged 46 80.7 25 78.1 21 84.0
Ease somewhat 5 8.8 3 9.4 2 8.0
Ease considerably 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 57 100 32 100 25 100

 

Questions 32-35 ask about your bank's expectations for the behavior of loan delinquencies and charge-offs on selected categories of C&I, commercial real estate, residential real estate, and consumer loans in 2018.

 

32. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, what is your outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on your bank's C&I loans in the following categories in 2018? (Please refer to the definitions of large and middle-market firms and of small firms suggested in question 1. If your bank defines firm size differently from the categories suggested in question 1, please use your definitions and indicate what they are in the textbox below.)

A. The quality of my bank's syndicated nonleveraged C&I loans to large and middle-market firms over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 5 7.8 5 12.2 0 0.0
Remain around current levels 59 92.2 36 87.8 23 100.0
Deteriorate somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 64 100 41 100 23 100

B. The quality of my bank's syndicated leveraged C&I loans to large and middle-market firms over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 1 1.6 1 2.4 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 4 6.2 3 7.3 1 4.3
Remain around current levels 54 84.4 32 78.0 22 95.7
Deteriorate somewhat 5 7.8 5 12.2 0 0.0
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 64 100 41 100 23 100

C. The quality of my bank's nonsyndicated C&I loans to large and middle-market firms over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 7 10.6 5 12.2 2 8.0
Remain around current levels 58 87.9 35 85.4 23 92.0
Deteriorate somewhat 1 1.5 1 2.4 0 0.0
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 66 100 41 100 25 100

D. The quality of my bank's C&I loans to small firms over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 6 9.4 5 13.2 1 3.8
Remain around current levels 54 84.4 30 78.9 24 92.3
Deteriorate somewhat 4 6.2 3 7.9 1 3.8
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 64 100 38 100 26 100

 

33. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, what is your outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on your bank's commercial real estate loans in the following categories in 2018?

A. The quality of my bank's construction and land development loans over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Remain around current levels 61 93.8 37 94.9 24 92.3
Deteriorate somewhat 4 6.2 2 5.1 2 7.7
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 65 100 39 100 26 100

B. The quality of my bank's loans secured by nonfarm nonresidential properties over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Remain around current levels 63 95.5 38 95.0 25 96.2
Deteriorate somewhat 3 4.5 2 5.0 1 3.8
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 66 100 40 100 26 100

C. The quality of my bank's loans secured by multifamily residential properties over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 2 3.0 2 4.9 0 0.0
Remain around current levels 62 92.5 37 90.2 25 96.2
Deteriorate somewhat 3 4.5 2 4.9 1 3.8
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 67 100 41 100 26 100

 

34. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, what is your outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on your bank's residential real estate loans in the following categories in 2018?

A. The quality of my bank's GSE-eligible residential mortgage loans over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 3 5.2 2 6.2 1 3.8
Remain around current levels 50 86.2 26 81.2 24 92.3
Deteriorate somewhat 5 8.6 4 12.5 1 3.8
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 58 100 32 100 26 100

B. The quality of my bank's nonconforming jumbo residential mortgage loans over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 3 5.0 2 5.7 1 4.0
Remain around current levels 53 88.3 30 85.7 23 92.0
Deteriorate somewhat 4 6.7 3 8.6 1 4.0
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 60 100 35 100 25 100

C. The quality of my bank’s revolving home equity lines of credit over 2018, as measured by my bank’s outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 1 1.7 1 2.9 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 2 3.4 2 5.9 0 0.0
Remain around current levels 49 83.1 26 76.5 23 92.0
Deteriorate somewhat 7 11.9 5 14.7 2 8.0
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 59 100 34 100 25 100

 

35. Assuming that economic activity progresses in line with consensus forecasts, what is your outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on your bank's consumer loans in 2018?

A. The quality of my bank's credit card loans over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 2 4.1 2 6.2 0 0.0
Remain around current levels 28 57.1 14 43.8 14 82.4
Deteriorate somewhat 19 38.8 16 50.0 3 17.6
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 49 100 32 100 17 100

B. The quality of my bank's auto loans over 2018, as measured by my bank's outlook for delinquencies and charge-offs on these loans, is likely to:

  All Respondents Large Banks Other Banks
Banks Percent Banks Percent Banks Percent
Improve substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Improve somewhat 4 7.3 3 9.7 1 4.2
Remain around current levels 41 74.5 19 61.3 22 91.7
Deteriorate somewhat 10 18.2 9 29.0 1 4.2
Deteriorate substantially 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
Total 55 100 31 100 24 100

 

1. The sample is selected from among the largest banks in each Federal Reserve District. In the table, large banks are defined as those with total domestic assets of $20 billion or more as of September 30, 2017. The combined assets of the 44 large banks totaled $10.2 trillion, compared to $10.4 trillion for the entire panel of 71 banks, and $14.5 trillion for all domestically chartered, federally insured commercial banks. Return to text

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Last Update: February 05, 2018