2024 Speeches
A Year in Review: A Tale of Two Supply Shocks
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the Detroit Economic Club, Detroit, Michigan
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At "Building a Better Fed Framework," American Institute for Economic Research Monetary Conference, Washington, D.C.
Artificial Intelligence in the Financial System
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 27th Annual Symposium on Building the Financial System of the 21st Century: An Agenda for Japan and the United States, Washington, D.C.
Approaching Policymaking Pragmatically
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Forum Club of the Palm Beaches, West Palm Beach, Florida
Chair Jerome H. Powell
At Conversation with Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell, Dallas, Texas
Central Bank Independence and the Conduct of Monetary Policy
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the Albert Hirschman Lecture, 2024 Annual Meeting of the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association and the Latin American and Caribbean Chapter of the Econometric Society, Montevideo, Uruguay
What Roles Should the Private Sector and the Federal Reserve Play in Payments?
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At The Clearing House Annual Conference 2024, New York, New York
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Eighth Annual Fintech Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Centralized and Decentralized Finance: Substitutes or Complements?
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Vienna Macroeconomics Workshop, Institute of Advanced Studies, Vienna, Austria
Thoughts on the Economy and Policy Rules at the Federal Open Market Committee
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At “A 50 Year Retrospective on the Shadow Open Market Committee and Its Role in Monetary Policy,” a conference sponsored by the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, Stanford, California
Challenges to the Community Banking Model
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 18th Annual Community Bankers Symposium, Community Banking: Navigating a Changing Landscape, Chicago, Illinois
Entrepreneurs, Innovation, and Participation
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the 2024 Women for Women Summit, Charleston, South Carolina
The Fed's Discount Window: 1990 to the Present
Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson
At the Charlotte Economics Club, Charlotte, North Carolina
A History of the Fed's Discount Window: 1913–2000
Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson
At Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina
The Global Fight Against Inflation
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the Conference on Monetary Policy 2024: Bridging Science and Practice, European Central Bank, Frankfurt, Germany
Building a Community Banking Framework for the Future
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 2024 Community Banking Research Conference, sponsored by the Federal Reserve System, the Conference of State Bank Supervisors, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, St. Louis, Missouri
Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and the Path Ahead for Productivity
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At “Technology-Enabled Disruption: Implications of AI, Big Data, and Remote Work,” a conference organized by the Federal Reserve Banks of Atlanta, Boston, and Richmond, Atlanta, Georgia
Chair Jerome H. Powell
At the National Association for Business Economics Annual Meeting, Nashville, Tennessee
Recent Views on Monetary Policy and the Economic Outlook
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Georgia Bankers Association President/CEO Conference, Charleston, South Carolina
What Will Artificial Intelligence Mean for America’s Workers?
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
Supporting Market Resilience and Financial Stability
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At the 2024 U.S. Treasury Market Conference, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York, New York
Chair Jerome H. Powell
At the 10th Annual U.S. Treasury Market Conference, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York, New York (via prerecorded video)
Recent Views on Monetary Policy and the Economic Outlook
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Mid-Size Bank Coalition of America Board of Directors Workshop, Dallas, Texas
How We Got Here: A Perspective on Inflation and the Labor Market
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, Harvard Kennedy School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Recent Views on Monetary Policy and the Economic Outlook
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 2024 Kentucky Bankers Association Annual Convention, Hot Springs, Virginia
Statement by Governor Michelle W. Bowman
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
The Future of Stress Testing and the Stress Capital Buffer Framework
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Executive Council of the Banking Law Section of the Federal Bar Association, Washington, D.C
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At the Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
Interlinking Fast Payment Systems
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Global Fintech Fest, Mumbai, India
Chair Jerome H. Powell
At “Reassessing the Effectiveness and Transmission of Monetary Policy,” an economic symposium sponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Jackson Hole, Wyoming
Remarks on the Economic Outlook and Financial Inclusion
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Alaska Bankers Association, Anchorage, Alaska
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Summer Workshop on Money, Banking, Payments, and Finance, Washington, D.C.
Update on the Economic Outlook, and Perspective on Bank Culture, M&A, and Liquidity
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 2024 CEO and Senior Management Summit and Annual Meeting, sponsored by the Kansas Bankers Association, Colorado Springs, Colorado
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At "Advance Together: Celebrating the Achievements of Texas Community Partnerships," a public event at the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Dallas, Texas (via pre-recorded video)
Liquidity, Supervision, and Regulatory Reform
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At "Exploring Conventional Bank Funding Regimes in an Unconventional World" A Research Conference Co-Sponsored by the Federal Reserve Banks of Dallas and Atlanta, Dallas, Texas
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
The Challenges Facing Economic Measurement and Creative Solutions
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the 21st Annual Economic Measurement Seminar, National Association for Business Economics Foundation, Washington, D.C.
Common Inflation and Monetary Policy Challenges across Countries
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the Australian Conference of Economists 2024, Adelaide, Australia
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At Fed Listens: Exploring Challenges Facing the Childcare Industry, Working Parents, and Employers, Chicago, Illinois
Promoting an Inclusive Financial System
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At Financial Inclusion Practices and Innovations, Washington, D.C.
Financial Inclusion: Past, Present, and Hopes for the Future
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At Financial Inclusion Practices and Innovations Conference, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington, D.C.
Brief Remarks on the Economy, Monetary Policy, and Bank Regulation
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington Bankers Associations 2024 Annual Convention, Stevenson, Washington
The Consequences of Bank Capital Reform
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the ISDA Board of Directors, London, England
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Midwest Cyber Workshop hosted by the Federal Reserve Banks of St. Louis, Chicago, and Kansas City, St. Louis, Missouri
Moving Toward Better Balance and Implications for Monetary Policy
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the Economic Club of New York, New York, New York
Perspectives on U.S. Monetary Policy and Bank Capital Reform
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At Policy Exchange, London, England
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the 2024 International Journal of Central Banking Conference, Rome, Italy
Some Reasons for Optimism about Inflation
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C.
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the 2024 Marshall Forum: A U.S.-U.K. Strategic and Economic Dialogue, Chicago, Illinois
Innovation in the Financial System
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At The Salzburg Global Seminar on Financial Technology Innovation, Social Impact, and Regulation: Do We Need New Paradigms?, Salzburg, Austria
Lessons from the American Economic Association Summer Program
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At Celebrating 50 Years of the American Economic Association Summer Program, Washington, D.C.
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the Girls Global Academy 2024 Commencement Ceremony, Washington, D.C.
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 2024 BOJ-IMES Conference, hosted by the Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies, Bank of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
Some Thoughts on r*: Why Did It Fall and Will It Rise?
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Reykjavik Economic Conference, Reykjavik, Iceland
Little by Little, Progress Seems to be Resuming.
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C.
U.S. Economic Outlook and Housing Price Dynamics
Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson
At the Mortgage Bankers Association’s Secondary and Capital Markets Conference and Expo 2024 New York, New York
Welcoming Remarks on the International Role of the U.S. Dollar
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Third Conference on the International Roles of the U.S. Dollar, hosted by the Federal Reserve Board, Washington, D.C.
On Building a Resilient Regulatory Framework
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At Central Banking in the Post-Pandemic Financial System 28th Annual Financial Markets Conference, the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Fernandina Beach, Florida
Georgetown University Law Center Commencement Address
Chair Jerome H. Powell
At Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. (via prerecorded video)
On the Road Ahead, Cherish the Detours
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the 2024 Diploma Ceremony, Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
Brief Remarks on the Economy, Monetary Policy, and Bank Regulation
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Pennsylvania Bankers Association 2024 Convention, Nashville, Tennessee
Payments Innovation, Technical Standards, and the Federal Reserve's Roles
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee 68 Financial Services 44th Plenary Meeting, hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Innovation and the Evolving Financial Landscape
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At The Digital Chamber DC Blockchain Summit 2024, Washington, D.C.
Growth and Change at Community Development Financial Institutions
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the Expanding Access to Capital for CDFIs event, hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, New York, New York
Communicating about Monetary Policy
Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson
At “Central Bank Communications: Theory and Practice,” a conference hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At the American University School of Public Affairs Graduation Ceremony, Washington, D.C.
Financial Stability Risks: Resiliency and the Role of Regulators
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Texas Bankers Association 2024 Annual Meeting, Arlington, Texas
Current Assessment of Financial Stability
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.
"Oh, the Places You’ll Go and the Things You’ll Do"
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the 2024 Commencement, Georgia College and State University College of Business and Technology and College of Arts and Sciences, at separate ceremonies, Milledgeville, Georgia
Governor Cook delivered identical remarks at separate ceremonies for the College of Business and Technology and College of Arts and Sciences on the same date.
Brief Remarks on the Economy and Monetary Policy
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Massachusetts Bankers Association Annual Convention, Key Biscayne, Florida
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 2024 New York Fed Regional and Community Banking Conference, New York, New York (via prerecorded video)
Economic Uncertainty and the Evolution of Monetary Policymaking
Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson
At the International Research Forum on Monetary Policy, Washington, D.C.
Risks and Uncertainty in Monetary Policy: Current and Past Considerations
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At “Frameworks for Monetary Policy, Regulation, and Bank Capital” Spring 2024 Meeting of the Shadow Open Market Committee, hosted by the Manhattan Institute, New York, New York
Enriching Data and Analysis in Economics with Real Life Experiences
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At Women in Economics Symposium, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
The Outlook for the U.S. Economy and Monetary Policy
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the Weidenbaum Center on the Economy, Government, and Public Policy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
Chair Jerome H. Powell
At the Stanford Business, Government, and Society Forum, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Stanford, California
Bank Liquidity, Regulation, and the Fed's Role as Lender of Last Resort
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At The Roundtable on the Lender of Last Resort: The 2023 Banking Crisis and COVID, sponsored by the Committee on Capital Markets Regulation, Washington, D.C.
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At A Workshop on the Future of Banking, hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At the Samuel DuBois Cook Center Career Achievement Awards Ceremony, the University Club, Washington, D.C.
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Economic Club of New York, New York, New York
The Dual Mandate and the Balance of Risks
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At Ec10b Principles of Economics Lecture, Department of Economics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Reflections on the Economy and Bank Regulation
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the New Jersey Bankers Association Annual Economic Leadership Forum, Somerset, New Jersey
Tailoring, Fidelity to the Rule of Law, and Unintended Consequences
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Harvard Law School Faculty Club, Cambridge, Massachusetts
Disinflation without a Rise in Unemployment? What Is Different This Time Around
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the 2024 Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research Economic Summit, Stanford University, Stanford, California
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the 2024 U.S. Monetary Policy Forum, New York, New York
Reflections on the Economy and Bank Regulation
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Florida Bankers Association Leadership Luncheon Events, Miami, Florida
Governor Bowman presented identical remarks to the Florida Bankers Association Leadership Luncheon Events, Tampa, Florida, on February 28, 2024.
The Importance of Counterparty Credit Risk Management
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At Basel Committee on Banking Supervision-Federal Reserve Counterparty Credit Risk Conference, New York, New York
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At the Finding Forward Speaker Series, University of St. Thomas, Opus College of Business, Minneapolis, MN
Sources of Uncertainty in the Short Run and the Long Run
Governor Lisa D. Cook
At "Macrofinance in the Long Run: New Insights on the Global Economy" 2024 Annual Conference of the Julis-Rabinowitz Center for Public Policy & Finance at Princeton's School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton, New Jersey
Is This Time Different? Recent Monetary Policy Cycles in Retrospect
Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson
At the Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C.
Supervision with Speed, Force, and Agility
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At the Annual Columbia Law School Banking Conference, New York, New York
The Dollar's International Role
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At "Climate, Currency, and Central Banking," a conference sponsored by the Global Interdependence Center and the University of the Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas
Advancing Cross-Border Payments and Financial Inclusion
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 19th BCBS-FSI High-Level Meeting for Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
The Intersection of Monetary Policy, Market Functioning, and Liquidity Risk Management
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At the 40th Annual National Association for Business Economics (NABE) Economic Policy Conference, Washington, D.C.
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the American Bankers Association 2024 Conference for Community Bankers, San Antonio, Texas
Supporting Entrepreneurship & Small Businesses
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the Uneven Outcomes in the Labor Market Conference, Washington, D.C. (via pre-recorded video)
The Outlook for the Economy and Monetary Policy
Governor Adriana D. Kugler
At the Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the 157th Assembly for Bank Directors, Southwestern Graduate School of Banking, Maui, Hawaii
Vice Chair for Supervision Michael S. Barr
At the Conference on Measuring Cyber Risk in the Financial Services Sector, Boston, Massachusetts
The Path Forward for Bank Capital Reform
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At Protect Main Street sponsored by the Center for Capital Markets at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Washington, D.C. (virtual)
Almost as Good as It Gets…But Will It Last?
Governor Christopher J. Waller
At The Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.
New Year’s Resolutions for Bank Regulatory Policymakers
Governor Michelle W. Bowman
At the South Carolina Bankers Association 2024 Community Bankers Conference, Columbia, South Carolina